Climate-Oriented Designs in Renewed Parking Areas: Erzurum Urban Transformation Area Case

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 - ENAR Özel Sayı, 79 - 88, 15.10.2019

Hasan Yılmaz , Sevgi Yılmaz , Emral Mutlu

https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.568747

Öz

In
today's applied parks, hard floor rates are increasing and the use of plant
material is decreasing. In addition, in most of the new parks, it is seen that
plant materials with aesthetic value are used before functionality. As a result
of these observations, it is curious to see how the increase of hard surfaces
affected the climate in our cities. The study
area is located in the west of Erzurum Castle and is within the scope of urban
transformation area. In the area with crushed land cover, which is used as a
car parking area, designs with 5 different scenarios and hard floor rates were
changed. The designs were evaluated by ENVI-met program. As
the hard floor ratio increases; climate-oriented outdoor thermal comfort was
affected negatively in the study. These determinations were made according to
Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) standards. In addition, it is observed that the use
of plants and their places have gained importance. Factors that change
positively the outdoor thermal comfort of the space in the park; the increase
in green areas, the use of trees and the use of trees with shrubs. As a result, as the ratio of green
space usage for the designed parking area decreases; It has been determined
that the thermal comfort of the outdoor thermal comfort shifts from the
"Comfortable" range to the "Slight Heat Stress" or
"Modereta Heat Stress" range.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urban transformation area, Climate-oriented landscape, Outdoor thermal comfort, Erzurum

Yenilenen Park Alanlarında İklim Odaklı Tasarımlar: Erzurum Kentsel Dönüşüm Alanı Örneği

Öz

Günümüzdeki uygulanan parklarda sert
zemin oranlarının gitgide arttığı çalışmalar ortaya çıkmakta ve bitkisel
materyal kullanımı azalmaktadır. Ayrıca yeni yapılan parkların çoğunda
işlevsellikten önce estetik değere sahip bitkisel materyallerin kullanıldığı
görülmektedir. Bu gözlemler sonucunda sert zeminlerin artmasının
kentlerimizdeki iklimi nasıl etkilediği merak konusudur. Çalışma alanı Erzurum Kalesi’nin
batısında yer alıp kentsel dönüşüm alanı kapsamında bulunmaktadır. Mevcutta
otopark olarak kullanılan ve ezilmiş toprak örtüsüne sahip alana; 5 farklı
senaryo ile beraber sert zemin oranlarının değiştiği tasarımlar yapılmıştır.
Yapılan tasarımlar ENVI-met programıyla değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Bu
tasarımlar kapsamında sert zemin oranı arttıkça iklim odaklı dış mekan termal
konforunun olumsuz yönde etkilendiği çalışma sonucunda tespit edilmiştir.
Yapılan bu tespitler Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) standartlarına göre
belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma sonucunda bitkilerin kullanım şekilleri ve
yerlerinin de önem kazandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışma alanında park
içerisindeki dış mekan termal konforunu etkili bir şekilde arttıran
parametreler; yeşil alanların artması, ağaçların kullanılması ve çalıların
ağaçlarla birlikte kullanılması olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; tasarım yapılan park
alanı için yeşil alan kullanımı oranı azaldıkça, dış mekan termal konforunun
“termal stressiz” aralığından “hafif sıcaklık stresli” ya da “sıcaklık stresli”
aralığına geçiş yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kentsel dönüşüm alanı, İklim odaklı peyzaj, Dış mekan termal konforu, Erzurum

Kaynakça

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