Hibrit uydu-hava-kara ağlarında hız bölmeli çoklu erişim tabanlı FSO/RF iletim

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 460 - 466, 15.04.2024

Mehmet Can , İbrahim Altunbaş

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1365940

Öz

Bu çalışmada, uydunun röle görevi gören yüksek irtifalı platform istasyonu (high altitude platform station, HAPS) yardımıyla birden çok kullanıcıyla hız bölmeli çoklu erişim (rate-splitting multiple access, RSMA) tekniğini kullanarak haberleşme sağladığı sistemin performansı incelenmiştir. Uydu ile HAPS arasında serbest alan optik (free space optics, FSO) bağlantısı varken HAPS ile kullanıcılar arasında radyo frekansı (radio frequency, RF) bağlantısı vardır. RF ve FSO haberleşmesi kullanan hibrit-uydu-hava kara ağları için uygun kanal modelleri dikkate alınarak ele alınan sistemde kullanıcıların kesinti olasılığı ifadeleri kapalı formda elde edilmiştir ve bilgisayar benzetimleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Kullanıcıların ve sistemin verimi, kesinti olasılıkları kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Farklı gölgeleme ve türbülans etkilerinin kullanıcıların kesinti performansına etkisi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca RSMA tabanlı sistem ile dik olmayan çoklu erişim (nonorthogonal multiple access, NOMA) tabanlı sistemin verimleri karşılaştırılmıştır ve RSMA tabanlı sistemin artan kullanıcı sayısıyla beraber daha iyi performans sergilediği gösterilmiştir. Örneğin, iletim gücü 20 dBm ve 4 kullanıcılı durum için RSMA, sistem verimi açısından NOMA’ya göre 0.16 bpcu kazanç sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hibrit uydu-hava-kara ağları, Hız bölmeli çoklu erişim, FSO/RF, Kesinti olasılığı, Sistem verimi

Rate splitting multiple access-based FSO/RF transmission in hybrid satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks

Öz

In this work, the performance of the system in which the satellite communicates with multiple users by means of a high altitude platform station (HAPS), which is served as a relay, using the rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) technique is investigated. The link between satellite and HAPS is free space optic (FSO) while the links between HAPS and users are radio frequency (RF). Using appropriate channel models for the considered hybrid satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks with FSO/RF transmission, the outage probability expressions of the users are derived in closed form and validated by computer simulations. The throughput of the users and the system is calculated by using outage probabilities. The effect of various shadowing and turbulence effects on the user outage performance is studied. Moreover, the RSMA-based system and the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based system are compared in terms of system throughput and it is shown that the RSMA-based system outperforms the NOMA-based system with the increasing number of users. For example, for a 20 dBm transmit power in a 4-user scenario, RSMA provides a 0.16 bpcu throughput gain over NOMA.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hybrid satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks, Rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), FSO/RF, Outage probability, Throughput

Kaynakça

• O. Kodheli et al., Satellite communications in the new space era: A survey and future challenges, IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials, 23 (1), 70-109, 2021. doi: 10.1109/COMST.2020.3028247.
• DarwishT., Kurt G. K., Yanikomeroglu H., Bellemare M. and Lamontagne G., LEO satellites in 5G and beyond networks: A review from a standardization perspective, IEEE Access, 10, 35040-35060, 2022. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3162243.
• Al-Hourani A., Guvenc I., On modeling satellite-to-ground path-loss in urban environments, IEEE Commun. Lett., 25 (3), 696-700, 2021, doi: 10.1109/L COMM.2020.3037351.
• Abdi A., Lau W. C., Alouini M.-S., Kaveh M., A new simple model for land mobile satellite channels: first- and second-order statistics, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., 2 (3), 519-528, 2003. doi: 10.1109/TWC.20 03.811182.
• Ye J., Dang S., Shihada B., Alouini M.-S., Space-air-ground integrated networks: outage performance analysis, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., 19 (12), 7897-7912, 2020. doi: 10.1109/TWC.2020.3017170.
• Yang L., Hasna M. O., Performance analysis of amplify-and-forward hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks with cochannel interference, IEEE Trans. Commun., 63 (12), 5052-5061, 2015. doi: 10.1109/TC OMM.2015.2495278.
• Chaudhry A. U., Yanikomeroglu H., Free space optics for next-generation satellite networks, IEEE Consum. Electron. Mag., 10 (16), 21-31, 2021. doi: 10.1109/MC E.2020.3029772.
• Nadeem F., Kvicera V., Awan M.S., Leitgeb E., Muhammad S.S., Kandus G., Weather effects on hybrid FSO/RF communication link, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., 27 (9), 1687-1697, 2009. doi: 10.1109/JSA C.2009.091218.
• Yahia O. B., Erdogan E., Kurt G. K., Altunbas I., Yanikomeroglu H., A weather-dependent hybrid RF/FSO satellite communication for improved power efficiency, IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., 11 (3), 573-577, 2022. doi: 10.1109/LWC.2021.3136444.
• Liu X., Lin M., Zhu W.-P., Wang J.-Y., Upadhyay P. K., Outage performance for mixed FSO-RF transmission in satellite-aerial-terrestrial networks, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 32 (21), 1349-1352, 2020. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2020.3025452.
• Dai L., Wang B., Yuan Y., Han S., Chih-lin I., Wang Z., Non-orthogonal multiple acess for 5G: Solutions, challenges, opportunities, and future research trends, IEEE Commun. Mag., 53 (9), 74-81, 2015. doi: 10.11 09/MCOM.2015.7263349.
• Ge R., Bian D., An K., Cheng J., Zhu H., Performance analysis of cooperative nonorthogonal multiple access scheme in two-layer GEO/LEO satellite network, IEEE Syst. J., 16 (2), 2300-2310, 2022. doi: 10.1109/JSYST .2021.3091781.
• Lei X., Yang L., Zhang J., Li G., Chen J., LAP-based FSO-RF cooperative NOMA systems, 2020 IEEE 92nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Fall), 1-5, 2020. doi: 10.1109/VTC2020-Fall49728.2020.9348 683.
• Mao Y., Clerckx B., Li V. O., Rate-splitting multiple access for downlink communication systems: Bridging, generalizing, and outperforming SDMA and NOMA, EURASIP J Wirel Commun Netw., 2018 (1), 2018. doi:10.1186/s13638-018-1104-7.
• Clerckx B., Joudeh H., Hao C., Dai M., Rassouli B., Rate splitting for MIMO wireless networks: a promising phy-layer strategy for LTE evolution, IEEE Commun. Mag., 54 (5), 98-105, 2016. doi: 10.1109/M COM.2016.7470942.
• Zhang J., Clerckx B., Ge J., Mao Y., Cooperative rate splitting for MISO broadcast channel with user relaying, and performance benefits over cooperative NOMA, IEEE Signal Process Lett., 26 (11), 1678-1682, 2019. doi: 10.1109/LSP.2019.2942994.
• Yin L., Clerckx B., Rate-splitting multiple access for multigroup multicast and multibeam satellite systems, IEEE Trans. Commun., 69 (2), 976-990, 2021. doi: 10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3037596.
• Yang Z., Chen M., Saad W., Shikh-Bahaei M., Optimization of rate allocation and power control for rate splitting multiple access (RSMA), IEEE Trans. Commun., 69 (9), 5988-6002, 2021. doi: 10.1109/TCO MM.2021.3091133.
• Singh S. K., Agrawal K., Singh K., Li C.-P., Outage probability and throughput analysis of UAV-assisted rate-splitting multiple access, IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., 10 (11), 2528-2532, 2021. doi: 10.1109/LWC.20 21.3106456.
• Ashrafzadeh B., Soleimani-Nasab E., Kamandar M., Uysal M., A framework on the performance analysis of dual-hop mixed FSO-RF cooperative systems, IEEE Trans. Commun., 67 (7), 4939-4954, 2019. doi: 10.1 109/TCOMM.2019.2904501.
• Wang J. Y., Wang J. B., Chen M., Huang N., Jia L. Q, Guan R., Ergodic capacity and outage capacity analysis for multiple-input single-output free-space optical communications over composite channels, Opt. Eng., 53 (1), 2014. doi: 10.1117/1.OE.53.1.016107.
• Gradshteyn I. S., Ryzhik I.M., Table of Integrals, Series and Products (7. Baskı), Academic Press, New York, A.B.D., 2007.