It is very important to evaluate ethical codes and ethical dilemmas from the perspective of students at the undergraduate stage in nursing. However, few studies were found in the literature that evaluated ethical codes and ethical dilemmas from the perspective of nursing undergraduate students at the education stage of nursing and examined students' perception of the concept of ethics. A qualitative research design was used to evaluate nursing students' thoughts on ethical codes and ethical dilemmas. This design was chosen because it offers a high degree of freedom in defining a new phenomenon (event or experience) from the participants' perspective, providing rich data and detailing their experiences.
Criterion sampling method, which is one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used to determine the study group of the research. Criterion sampling is the sampling of people, events, objects or situations that have the qualities determined for the problem. Considering that nursing department students have rich knowledge and experience about ethical codes and ethical dilemmas, nursing department students were selected as the research group.
Nursing students who took the ethics course in nursing and who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. The exclusion criteria were that the nursing students had language, speech or hearing impairment that would prevent communication and did not accept to participate voluntarily in the study. Nursing students who took ethics in nursing course and accepted to participate in the study voluntarily were included in the study. It was accepted as exclusion criteria that nursing students had language, speech or hearing impairment that would prevent communication and did not accept voluntary participation in the study. In addition, the study was reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Qualitative Research Reporting (COREQ) guidelines.
The study was conducted between 1 May and 1 June at the Faculty of Health Sciences of a university located in a province in northern Turkey. All students who met the criteria were invited to be interviewed. Data saturation is very important in a study, and in our study, a total of 60 participants (twenty people from the second, third and fourth grades) were interviewed, and when the data were repeated, the interviews were terminated with the joint decision of the researchers, taking into account the saturation. Second, third and fourth year undergraduate nursing students who had clinical practice and had taken an ethics course in nursing were interviewed. In-depth individual interview method was used in the study. In the interviews with nursing students, a voice recorder was used in a suitable environment. Notes were taken during voice recording. The interviews were conducted with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the qualitative research method, which was created by the researchers based on the literature and corrected in line with the opinions of three experts. The interviews in the study lasted between 35 and 45 minutes. The qualitative research data obtained in the content analysis of the study were analysed in four stages.
Forty-five of the participants were female, four of them had a chronic physical illness and three of them had a chronic mental illness. The mean age of the nursing students was calculated as 20.87±3.76 (minimum age 19, maximum age 32).
Within the scope of data analysis, four themes as thoughts about nursing and ethics, thoughts about ethical dilemmas, thoughts about the contributions of the ethics course in nursing, thoughts about the importance of ethics and ethical codes, and eight sub-themes under these themes (purpose, characteristics, situations experienced in practice, actions taken in the face of ethical dilemmas, knowledge, practice, philosophy and functioning) were determined.
In the light of the results of the research, it was determined that nursing students care about ethical codes, that the ethics course in nursing contributes to students, and that they have knowledge about ethical codes and ethical dilemmas. In addition, it was determined that nursing students experienced ethical dilemmas in clinical practices in the hospital and tried to produce solutions to ethical dilemmas as future health professionals. Ethical education should increase the level of ethical sensitivity of nursing students and prepare them to overcome ethical dilemmas they may encounter in practice. It was determined that ethics education given to nursing students increased ethical awareness in students and was useful in developing solutions to ethical dilemmas.
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Bu araştırmanın amacı hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin etik kodlar ve etik ikilemlere yönelik düşüncelerini belirlemektir. Bu nitel çalışma, 60 gönüllü hemşirelik bölümü öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler bireysel olarak ve yüz yüze gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi için içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem grubuna ulaşmak için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri doygunluğu sağlanana kadar görüşmelere devam edilmiştir. Tüm görüşmeler ses kaydına alınmış ve daha sonra yazıya dökülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri tematik analiz kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin raporlanmasında COREQ kontrol listesi dikkate alınmıştır. Veri analizi kapsamında hemşirelik ve etiğe yönelik düşünceler, etik ikilemlere yönelik düşünceler, hemşirelikte etik dersinin katkılarına yönelik düşünceler, etik ve etik kodların önemine yönelik düşünceler olarak dört tema ve bu temalar altında sekiz alt tema (amaç, özellik, uygulamada yaşanan durumlar, etik ikilem karşısında yapılanlar, bilgi, uygulama, felsefe ve işleyiş) belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları doğrultusunda hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin etik kodları önemsediği, hemşirelikte etik dersinin öğrencilere katkı sağladığı, etik kodlar ve etik ikilemler hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin hastanede klinik uygulamalarda etik ikilemler yaşadıkları ve etik ikilemlere yönelik geleceğin sağlık profesyonelleri olarak çözüm üretmeye çalıştıkları belirlenmiştir.
Bu araştırma için Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Kurulu (E-95674917-108.99-168926) tarafından onay alınmıştır. Görüşmeye başlamadan önce katılımcılardan bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmış ve kayıtlar ve transkriptler parola korumalı bir cihazda saklanmıştır. Çalışma Helsinki Deklarasyonu ve Ulusal Araştırma Komitesi etik standartlarına uygun olarak yürütülmüştür.
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Çalışmaya destek veren öğrencilerime teşekkür ederim.
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
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Konular | Sosyolojide Niteliksel Yöntemler, Kişilik ve Bireysel Farklılıklar, Hemşirelik (Diğer) |
Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Proje Numarası | YOK |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2024 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 20 Şubat 2024 |
Kabul Tarihi | 14 Mayıs 2024 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 |