Investigation of the Effectiveness of the ADA Prediabetes Risk Test in Identifying Prediabetic Turkish Patients and Determination of the Frequency of Retinopathy in Prediabetic Patients

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 40 - 47, 30.01.2023

Ahmet Veli Şanibaş , Fatma Çakmak , İdris Baydar , Doğan Nasır Binici

https://doi.org/10.56766/ntms.1161735

Öz

Aim: In this study, the Turkish version of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) prediabetes risk test and the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were administered to patients to determine the rate of prediabetic patients in our geographical region and investigate its consistency with the ADA risk test. In addition, the presence of retinopathy in prediabetic patients was examined.
Material and Method:
The study included a total of 342 patients with a fasting plasma glucose value of 100-125 mg/dl. The 75-g OGTT test was performed on the patients. The ADA prediabetes risk test was also administered, and the scores were noted. The OGTT and risk test results were compared. According to the ADA prediabetes risk test, the patients were classified into those at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and those diagnosed with prediabetes. In the evaluation of retinopathy, visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, and anterior segment and fundus examinations were performed in each patient. The data of the patients were compared with statistical analysis methods.
Results: When the OGTT results of the patients with negative ADA prediabetes risk test scores were compared, the sensitivity was determined as 54% and the specificity as 63% (p<0.05). When the patients with positive ADA prediabetes risk test scores were compared with those diagnosed with prediabetes and type 2 DM, the sensitivity and specificity values were calculated as 58% and 54%, respectively (p>0.05). There was no retinopathy finding in the eye examination of 262 of the 342 patients included in the study (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, we found that a positive ADA prediabetes risk score was effective in predicting prediabetes, but it was not sufficient. However, prediabetes diagnosed according to OGTT was found to be higher in the patients with negative test scores. Therefore, the prediabetes risk test was not effective in predicting prediabetes among the patients with negative scores.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prediabetes, Type-2 diabetes, ADA risk test, OGTT, Retinopathy

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

• 1. TEMD Diabetes Mellitus ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi ve İzlem Kılavuzu. TEMD. 2018;Onuncu baskı.
• 2. Tabák AG, Herder C, Rathmann W, Brunner EJ, Kivimäki M. Prediabetes: a high-risk state for diabetes development. The Lancet. 2012;379(9833):2279-90.
• 3. Screening for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care. 2004;27 Suppl 1:S11-4.
• 4. Mohamed Q, Gillies MC, Wong TY. Management of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review. Jama. 2007;298(8):902-16.
• 5. Cho N, Shaw J, Karuranga S, Huang Y, da Rocha Fernandes J, Ohlrogge A, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2018;138:271-81.
• 6. Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, Kalaca S, Gedik S, Dinccag N, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. European journal of epidemiology. 2013;28(2):169-80.
• 7. Zhang X, Gregg EW, Williamson DF, Barker LE, Thomas W, Bullard KM, et al. A1C level and future risk of diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes care. 2010;33(7):1665-73.
• 8. Vandersmissen G, Godderis L. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in occupational health care. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2015;28(3):587-91.
• 9. Kutlu R, Sayin S, Kocak A. Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Konuralp Tip Dergisi. 2016;8(3):158-66.
• 10. Martin E, Ruf E, Landgraf R, Hauner H, Weinauer F, Martin S. FINDRISK questionnaire combined with HbA1c testing as a potential screening strategy for undiagnosed diabetes in a healthy population. Hormone and metabolic research. 2011;43(11):782-7.
• 11. Tentolouris N, Lathouris P, Lontou S, Tzemos K, Maynard J. Screening for HbA1c-defined prediabetes and diabetes in an at-risk greek population: Performance comparison of random capillary glucose, the ADA diabetes risk test and skin fluorescence spectroscopy. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2013;100(1):39-45.
• 12. TDV. Prediyabet Tanı ve Tedavi Rehberi. Türkiye Diyabet Vakfı,Prediyabet Çalışma Gurubu. 2017;1.Baskı.
• 13. Group DPPR. The prevalence of retinopathy in impaired glucose tolerance and recent-onset diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association. 2007;24(2):137.
• 14. Colagiuri S, Lee CM, Wong TY, Balkau B, Shaw JE, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. Glycemic thresholds for diabetes-specific retinopathy: implications for diagnostic criteria for diabetes. Diabetes care. 2011;34(1):145-50.
• 15. Knowler WC. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403.