The Notion of Child in International Relations Discipline

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 2443 - 2456, 24.07.2023

Fatma Sarıaslan

https://doi.org/10.48146/odusobiad.1185467

Öz

Abstract metni Georgia, italik, 9 punto, 1,5 satır aralığı olmalıdır. Although Childhood Studies has found its place in several academic disciplines, the situation is somewhat different for international relations. In the international relations discipline, the analyses of childhood and children are limited, and the role or agency of the child in the international system is often ignored. On the other hand, children stand out as actors that are given profound importance in the context of the political debate on universal human rights and occupy a central position. Nevertheless, although the international children’s rights regime is gradually developing with codification efforts by international organizations, it is unclear whether this regime’s approach, which sees children only as passive ‘victims,’ can effectively help children as they need. However, it is observed that the issue of children’s agency, which was primarily neglected before in the traditional state-centered approaches of the discipline of international relations, is increasingly coming to the fore, albeit late compared to other disciplines. In this respect, the study deals with the direction and how the perspective of the international relations discipline in the context of child and childhood develops, with an understanding that it is essential to include the child as an actor in the discipline of international relations. In this context, it primarily focuses on the development in the literature on the social construction of childhood and then on the scope of studies on the notion of child and childhood in the discipline of international relations, especially in the context of war and conflict.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child, international relations, war, conflict, actor.

Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplininde Çocuk Nosyonu

Öz

Çocuk Çalışmaları (Childhood Studies) bir dizi akademik disiplinde görece olarak kendine yer bulmuş olmasına rağmen, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplini açısından durum biraz daha farklıdır. Uluslararası ilişkiler disiplini bağlamında çocukluk ve çocuklara ilişkin analizlerin oldukça sınırlı olduğu; çocuğun uluslararası sistemdeki rolü ya da failliğinin genellikle göz ardı edildiği görülmektedir. Öte yandan çocukların evrensel insan haklarına ilişkin siyasi tartışma bağlamında ciddi anlamda önem verilen aktörler olarak öne çıktıkları ve merkezi bir konumda oldukları ileri sürülebilir. Ancak her ne kadar uluslararası örgütler nezdindeki kodifikasyon çalışmalarıyla uluslararası çocuk hakları rejimi giderek artan biçimde gelişme gösterse de, bu rejimin çocukları yalnızca pasif ‘kurbanlar’ olarak gören yaklaşımının, çocuklara ihtiyaç duydukları şekilde ve etkin bir biçimde yardım edebileceği belirsizdir. Bununla birlikte, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininin geleneksel devlet merkezli yaklaşımlarında daha önce büyük ölçüde ihmal edilen çocukların failliği meselesinin -diğer disiplinlere kıyasla geç olsa- giderek daha fazla öne çıkmaya başladığı gözlemlenmektedir. Bu itibarla çalışma, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinine çocuğun aktör olarak dâhil edilmesinin elzem olduğunu ileri süren bir anlayışla, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininin çocuk ve çocukluk bağlamındaki bakış açısının ne yönde ve nasıl geliştiğini ele almaktadır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle çocukluğun sosyal inşasına ilişkin literatürdeki gelişmeye ve sonra da uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininde özellikle savaş ve çatışma bağlamında çocuk ve çocukluk nosyonuna ilişkin çalışmaların kapsamına odaklanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, uluslararası ilişkiler, savaş, çatışma, aktör.

Kaynakça

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