Araştırmalarda Teori Kullanımı: Ulusal Turizm Araştırmaları Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2022, , 55 - 70, 01.06.2022

Merve Dogan

https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.1017912

Cited By: 1

Öz

Teori olayları açıklama ve tahmin etme yeteneği sayesinde bilimsel anlayışı arttırmaktadır. Bir araştırmanın bilimsel ve nitelikli kabul edilebilmesi için bir teoriden besleniyor olması önemli bir gerekliliktir Teorinin bilimsel araştırmalardaki rolü göz önüne alındığında ulusal turizm araştırmalarında teori kullanımı konusu merak uyandırmıştır. Belirli bir disiplini daha iyi anlamak için o alandaki araştırmalara yön veren teorileri tespit etmek önemlidir. Buradan hareketle, 2016 ve 2020 yılları arasında ULAKBİM TR Dizin veri tabanında yer alan ve turizm disiplini kapsamında yayınlanan dergilerdeki makaleler teori kullanımı bağlamında içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Son beş yılda ilgili dergilerde yayınlanan toplam 1792 makalenin 171’inin teoriye/teorilere dayalı olarak gerçekleştirildiği görülmüştür. Sosyal Değişim Teorisi, Planlı Davranış Teorisi, Liderlik Teorileri, Kişilik Teorileri, Adalet Teorisi gibi teorilerin ulusal turizm araştırmalarında en sık kullanılan teoriler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teori, Teorik Araştırma, Teorik Altyapı, İçerik Analizi

Theory Usage in Research: An Investigation within the Scope of National Tourism Research

Öz

Theory increases scientific understanding through its ability to explain and predict phenomenons, events etc. In order for research to be considered as scientific and qualified, theoretical background is important. Considering the importance of theory in a scientific research, theory usage in the scope of national tourism research aroused curiosity. To better understand a particular discipline, it is necessary to identify the theories that guide research. Based on this, articles in the tourism journals within ULAKBİM TR Index, which were published between 2016 and 2020, were examined by content analysis. It was detected that 171 of 1792 articles include theoretical basis. Furthermore, theories such as Social Exchange Theory, Theory of Planned Behavior, Leadership Theory, Personality Theory, Justice Theory are most frequently used theories in the scope of national tourism research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Theory, Theory Based Research, Theoretical Base, Content Analysis

Kaynakça

• Bacharach, S.B. (1989). Organizational theories: some criteria for evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 496‐515.
• Bailey, K. D. (1982). Methods of Social Research. New York: Free Press.
• Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., Williams, J. M., Bizup, J. ve FitzGerald, W.T. (2016). The craft of research. Chicago: University of Chicago press.
• Chang, W. J., ve Katrichis, J. M. (2016). A Literature Review of Tourism Management (1990–2013): A Content Analysis Perspective. Current Issues in Tourism, 19 (8), 791-823.
• Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. CA: Sage Publications.
• Çiftçi, E. Z. (2021). Türk Turizm Dergilerinde Gastronomi: Gastronomi Çalışmaları Nereye Gidiyor?. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 642-659.
• DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development: Theory and applications (Vol. 26). CA: Sage publications.
• Doğan, M., ve Sökmen, S. (2021). Turizm Araştırmalarında Sosyal Değişim Teorisi’nin Çeyrek Yüzyılı. Türk Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(2), 1220-1237.
• Echtner, C. M., ve Jamal, T. B. (1997). The disciplinary dilemma of tourism studies. Annals of tourism research, 24(4), 868-883.
• Erdoğan, Z. ve Doğan, S. (2018). Sosyal Bilim Olarak Pazarlama, (Ed.) Z. Erdoğan: Bilim Olarak Pazarlama içinde (ss. 1-20), İstanbul: Beta.
• Goeldner, C. ve Ritchie, B. (2006). Tourism, Principles, Practices, Philosophies. New Jersey: John Wiley&Sons.
• Goldman, A. (1979). Publishing Activity in Marketing as an Indicator of Its Structure and Disciplinary Boundaries. Journal of Marketing Research, 16(4), 485–494.
• Hall, C. M. (2011). Publish and Perish? Bibliometric Analysis, Journal Ranking and the Assessment of Research Quality in Tourism. Tourism Management, 32(1), 16-27.
• Hart, C. (1998). Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. London:Sage.
• Honderich, T. (1994). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Hunt, S. D. (1983). Marketing Theory: The Philosophy of Marketing Science. IL, Irwin: Homewood.
• Jafari, J. (1989). Structure of Tourism. In Tourism Marketing and Management Hand- book, Stephen F. Witt and Loubloutinho, (eds.), pp. 437-442. London: Prentice Hall.
• Jafari, J. (2003). Encyclopedia of Tourism. USA: Routledge.
• Joireman, J., ve Van Lange, P. A. (2015). How to publish high-quality research. USA: American Psychological Association.
• Kaplan, A. (1964). The Conduct of Inquiry. New York: Harper & Row.
• Kozak, N., Kozak, M. ve Kozak, M. (2008). Genel Turizm: İlkeler- Kavramlar. Gözden Geçirilmiş 7. Baskı, Ankara: Detay.
• Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The structure of scientific revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• Merton, R.K. (1967). On Theoretical Sociology. New York: Free Press.
• Nord, J. H. ve Nord, G. D. (1995). MIS Research: Journal Status and Analysis, Information Management, 29 (1), 29–42.
• Platt, J.R. (1962). The excitement of science. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin.
• Reid, L.R. ve Andereck, K.L. (1989). Statistical Analyses Use in Tourism Research, Journal of Travel Research, 28, 21–24.
• Shoemaker, P. J., Tankard Jr, J. W. ve Lasorsa, D. L. (2004). How to Build Social Science Theories, CA: Sage Publications.
• Strauss, A., ve Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques. CA: Sage Publications.
• Suddaby, R. (2010). Construct clarity in theories of management and organization. Academy of Management Review, 35(5), 346‐57.
• Sutton, R. I., ve Staw, B. M. (1995). What theory is not. Administrative science quarterly, 40(3), 371-384.
• Tribe, J. (1997). The Indiscipline of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(3), 638-657.
• Van der Merwe, R., Berthon, P., Pitt, L., ve Barnes, B. (2007). Analysing theory networks: identifying the pivotal theories in marketing and their characteristics. Journal of Marketing Management, 23(3-4), 181-206.
• Veal, A.J. (1997). Research Methods for Leisure and Tourism: a Practical Guide. UK: Financial Times Pitman Publishing.
• Webster, J. ve Watson, R. T. (2002). Analyzing the Past to Prepare for the Future: Writing a Literature Review, MIS Quarterly, 26 (2), 13–23.
• Weick, K.E. (1989). Theory construction as disciplined imagination. Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 516‐31.
• Wells, R. ve Picou, J. (1981). American Sociology: Theoretical and Methodological Structure. Washington, DC: University Press of America.
• Whetten, D. (1989). What constitutes a theoretical contribution?. Academy of Management Review, 14(4) 490‐495.
• Xiao, H. ve Smith, S. L. (2006). The making of tourism research: Insights from a social sciences journal. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(2), 490-507.
• Yıldırım, C. (2008). Bilim Felsefesi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.