An Empirical Basis of Multi-Level Governance Approach: Subnational Mobilisation in the European Union Arena

Yıl 2014, , 1 - 22, 13.04.2015

Ali Özçelik

https://doi.org/10.17494/ogusbd.93405

Cited By: 1

Öz

The concept of multi-level governance (MLG) and its empirical implications to subnational mobilisation in the EU arena is a key subject of this article. The primary focus here is on the subnational level of analysis and its integration in and interaction with the EU multi-level polity. The obvious reason for writing this article is that the extent to which the interplay between supranational institutions and SNAs has affected intergovernmental relations and caused subnational mobilisation across the EU arena is an empirical matter. Empirically, the creation of MLG in member (and applicant) states and its impact over subnational mobilisation have been exclusively discussed within the context of EU regional policy and related financial incentives. In this respect, this article seeks to explain how the Europeanization of regional policy relates to theoretical concerns with multi-level governance and to find out the extent to which the process of Europeanization contributes to the creation of multi-level modality in member, and particularly, applicant states.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multi-level governance, subnational mobilization, territorial representation, EU Regional and Structural Policy, member and candidate states

Kaynakça

• Allen, D. (2008). ‘Cohesion Policy Pre-and Post-Enlargement’, in M. Baun and D. Marek (eds.) EU Cohesion Policy after Enlargement, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan, pp. 15-33.
• Amin, A. (1999). ‘An Institutional Perspective on Regional Economic Development’, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 23 (2), 365-378.
• Bache, I. (2008). Europeanization and Multi-Level Governance: Cohesion Policy in the European Union and Britain, Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publisher.
• Bache, I. (2010). ‘Partnership as an EU Policy Instrument: A Political History’, West European Politics, 33 (1), 58-74.
• Bache, I. and George, S. (2006). Politics in the European Union, 2nd Edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Bachtler, J. & McMaster, I. (2008). ‘EU Cohesion Policy and the Role of Regions: Investigating the Influence of Structural Funds in the New Member States’, Environment and Planning: Government and Policy, 26 (2), 398-427.
• Bailey, D. & De Propris, L. (2002). ‘European Structural Funds, Regional Capabilities and Enlargement: Towards Multi-Level Governance?’, Journal of European Integration, 24 (4),303- 24.
• Baun, M & Marek, D. (eds.) (2008). EU Cohesion Policy after Enlargement, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
• Bauer, M. W., Börzel, T.A. (2010). ‘Regions and the European Union’, in H.Enderlein, S. Walti and M. Zurn (eds.), Handbook on Multi-Level Governance, Cheltham: Edward Elgar, pp. 253-267.
• Blatter, J. Kreutzer, M. and Thiele, J. (2009). ‘Preconditions for Foreign Activities of European Regions: Tracing Causal Configurations of Economic, Cultural, and Political Strategies’, Publius: the Journal of Federalism, 40 (1), 171-199.
• Bomberg, E. & Peterson, J. (2000). ‘Policy Transfer and Europeanization: Passing the Heineken Test’, Queen’s Papers on Europeanization, No. 2/2000.
• Börzel, T. (2002). States and Regions in the European Union: Institutional Adaptation in Germany and Spain, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Brusis, M. (2002). ‘Between EU Requirements, Competitive Politics, and National Traditions: Re- creating Regions in the Accession Countries of Central and Eastern Europe, Governance, 15 (4), 531-59.
• Brusis, M. (2010). ‘European Union Incentives and Regional Interest Representation in Central and East European Countries’, Acta Politica, 45 (1), 70-89.
• Bruzst, L. (2008). Multi-Level Governance—the Eastern Versions: Emerging Patterns of Regional Developmental Governance in the New Member States, Regional and Federal Studies, 18 (5), 607-627.
• Bullmann, U. (1997). ‘The Politics of the Third Level’, in C. Jeffery (ed.), The Regional Dimension of the European Union: Towards Third Level in Europe?, London: Frank Cass.
• Bulmer, S., and C. Lequesne. (2005). The EU and its Member States, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Dobre, A. M. (2007). ‘Europeanisation from a Neo-Institutionalist Perspective: Experiencing Territorial Politics in Spain and Romania’, Unpublished PhD Thesis, KU Leuven, Belgium.
• Ertugal, E. (2007). ‘AB Bolgesel Politikalarinin Uye ve Aday Ulkelere Etkileri’ (the Impact of EU Regional Policies on the Members and Candidates), 2nd Regional Development and Governance Conference, 25-27 October, 2007, Izmir.
• Ferry, M. (2007). ‘From Government to Governance: Polish Regional Development Agencies in a Changing Regional Context’, East European Politics and Societies, 21 (3), 447-474.
• Fitjar, R. D. (2010). The Rise of Regionalism: Causes of Regional Mobilization in Western Europe, London: Routledge.
• Goldsmith, M. J. and Page, E. C. (2010). Changing Government Relations in Europe: From Localism to Intergovernmentalism, 2nd Edition, London: Routledge.
• Hooghe, L. (1995). 'Subnational Mobilization in the European Union', West European Politics, 18 (3), 175-98.
• Hooghe, L. and Marks, G. (2001). Multi-level Governance and European Integration, Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
• Huysseune, M., Jans, T. (2008). ‘Representations of local and regional governments to the European Union. Final report’,
• http://blbe.be/files/studies/Study%20VUB%20Region%20offices.pdf, (accessed on 22.11.2011).
• Goldsmith, M. J. (2003). ‘Variable Geometry, Multi-Level Governance and Subnational Government in the Millenium’, in K. Featherstone & C. Radaelli, C. (eds.), the Politics of Europeanization, Oxford University Press, pp. 112-133.
• Greenwood, J. (1997). Representing Interests in the EU, Hampshire: MacMillan Press.
• Greenwood, J. (2003). Interest Representation in the European Union, Basingstoke:Palgrave Macmillan.
• Jeffrey, C. (1997a). The Regional Dimension of the European Union: Towards a Third Level in Europe?, London: Frank Cass.
• Jeffrey, C. (1997b). 'Regional Information Offices in Brussels and Multi-Level Governance in the EU: A UK-German Comparison', in C. Jeffery, The Regional Dimension of the European Union: Towards Third Level in Europe?, London: Frank Cass, pp. 183-203.
• Jeffrey, C. (2000). ‘Sub-National Mobilization and European Integration: Does it Make Any Difference?’, Journal of Common Market Studies, 38 (1), 1-23.
• Jessop, B. (2004). ‘Hollowing out the Nation State and Multi-level Governance’ in Kennett, P. (ed.), A Handbook of Comparative Social Policy, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 11-25
• John, P. (1996). ‘Europeanization in a Centralising State: Multi-level Governance in the UK’, Regional and Federal Studies 6(2), 131-144
• Keating, M. (1995). ‘Europeanism and Regionalism’ in M. Keating and B. Jones (eds.) The European Union and the Regions, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 1-22.
• Keating, M. (2006). ‘Territorial Politics in Europe’, in P.M. Heywood, E.Jones, M. Rhodes and U.Sedelmeier (eds.), Developments in European Politics, Basinstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Keating, M., and Jones, B. (eds) (1995). The European Union and the Regions, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Keating, M. and Hooghe, L. (1996). ‘By-Passing the Nation-State? Regions and the EU Policy Process’ in J. J. Richardson (ed.) London: Routledge, pp. 216-29.
• Keating, M. & Loughlin, J. (eds.) (1997). The Political Economy of Regionalism, London: Frank Cass.
• Keating, M., and Aldecoa, F. (1999). Paradiplomacy in Action: The Foreign Relations of Subnational Governments, London: Frank Cass Publishers.
• Kohler-Koch, B. and Eising, R. (eds.) (1999). The Transformation of Governance in the European Union, London: Routledge.
• Le Galès, P. and Lequesne, C. (1998). Regions in Europe, London: Routledge.
• Leonardi, R. (2005). Cohesion Policy in the European Union: the Building of Europe, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Loughlin, J. (1996). 'Europe of the Regions and the Federalization of Europe', Publius 26 (4), 141- 162.
• Marks, G. (1993). ‘Structural Policy and Multi-Level Governance in the EC’ in A. W. Cafruny and G.C. Rosenthal (eds.), The State of the European Community: The Maastricht Debate and Beyond, New York: Longman, pp. 391-410.
• Marks, G., Hooghe, L., and Blank, K. (1995). ‘EU Integration since 1980s; State Centric Versus Multi-Level Governance’, paper presented at the American Political Science Association Meeting, Chicago, August 31-September 3, 1995.
• Marks, G., Nielsen, F., Ray, L. Salk, J.E. (1996). ‘Competencies, Craks, and Conflicts: Regional Mobilization in the European Union’, Comparative Political Studies, 29 (2), 164-192.
• Marks, G. (1997). ‘An Actor-Centred Approach to Multi-Level Governance’, in C. Jeffery (ed.) The Regional Dimension of the European Union: Towards a Third Level in Europe?, London: Frank Cass, pp. 20-38.
• Mazey, S. and Mitchell, J. (1993). 'Europe of the Regions? Territorial Interests and European Integration: The Scottish Experience', in S. Mazey and J. Richardson, Lobbying in the European Community, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• McMaster, I. (2006). ‘Czech Regional Development Agencies in a Shifting Institutional Landscape’, Europe-Asia Studies, 58 (3), 347-370.
• Moore, C. (2008a). ‘A Europe of the Regions vs. the Regions in Europe: Reflections on Regional Engagement in Brussels’, Regional and Federal Studies, 18 (5), 517-535.
• Moore, C. (2008b). ‘Beyond Conditionality? Regions from the New EU Member States and their Activities in Brussels’, Comparative European Politics, 6, 212-234.
• Moore, C. (2012). Regional Representation in the EU: Between Diplomacy and Interest Mediation Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Moravcsik, A. (1995). 'Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Integration: A Rejoinder', Journal of Common Market Studies, 33 (4), 611-28.
• Ohmae, K. (1995). the End of the Nation-State: the Rise of Regional Economies, New York: Simon and Schuster Inc.
• Rosenau, J. N. and Czempiel, E.O. (1992). Governance without Government: Order and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Scherepereel, J.A. (2007). ‘Sub-National Authorities in the EU’s Post-Socialist States: Joining the Multi-Level Polity?’, Journal of European Integration, 29 (1), 23-46.
• Schönlau, J. (2010). ‘The CoR at 16: Growing up or Still under Age?’, Paper presented at UACES Research Conference, Bruges, 5th-8th September, 2010.
• Sharpe, L. J. (1993). The Rise of Meso Level Government in Europe, London: Sage.
• Sobczak, A. (2007). ‘The Impact of Europeanization on the Mobilization of Local Actors in European Cities: A Comparative Analysis of Krakow and Glasgow’, Panel on Urban Governance, EURA Conference, Pisa, 12-14 September 2007.
• Sİrensen, G. (2006). ‘Transformation of the State’, in C. Hay, M. Lister and D. Marsh (eds.) the State: Theories and Issues, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
• Tatham, M. (2008). 'Going Solo: Direct Regional Representation in the European Union', Regional and Federal Studies, 18 (5), 493-515.
• Thielmann, E. (2000). ‘Europeanization and Institutional Compatibility: Implementing European Regional Policy in Germany’, Queen’s Papers on Europeanization, No: 4.