Atık Paladyum Kaplama Çözeltilerinden Paladyum Geri Kazanımı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 11 - 20, 18.07.2021

Furgan Demirkıran , Mustafa Akçil

Öz

Paladyum kaplama çözeltisi yüzük, küpe, bileklik ve kolye gibi çeşitli takı ürünlerinin dekoratif amaçlarla kaplanmasında kullanılmaktadır. Ticari bir ürün olarak satılan bu çözelti; içerisinde 2g/L paladyum olacak şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu banyolar, genellikle amin bazlı banyolardır. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada; atık paladyum kaplama çözeltisinden paladyum metalinin yüksek verimlerle uygun parametreler seçilerek, çevre dostu, ucuz, basit ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda yer alabilecek şekilde geri kazanılması ve saflaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Amin-paladyum kompleksi halinde bulunan paladyum kaplama çözeltilerinden metalik paladyum geri kazanımı için sementatör olarak saf çinko tozu kullanılmıştır. Sementasyon deneylerinde, sementatör miktarı, reaksiyon süresi ve sıcaklık deney parametreleri olarak incelenmiştir. Paladyum analizleri ICP-OES ile yapılmış olup aynı zamanda sementasyon deneyleri sonucunda üretilen paladyumu karakterize etmek için XRF ve SEM analizleri de yapılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda paladyum ihtiva eden kaplama çözeltilerinden paladyum metali sementasyon yoluyla yüksek saflıkta elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu ürün rafinasyon işlemi yapılarak tekrar paladyum kaplama çözeltisi haline getirilebilir. Sementasyon işleminde kullanılan çinko ile paladyum geri kazanımı hakkında literatürde çeşitli bilgiler bulunmasına rağmen sementasyon şartları hakkındaki bilgi son derece sınırlıdır. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma çerçevesinde paladyum kimyası hakkında eksik hususları aydınlatmak suretiyle literatüre katkı sağlanması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sementasyon, Paladyum kaplama çözeltisi, XRF, ICP-OES

Recovery of Palladium from Spent Plating Solutions Using Zinc Powder

Öz

The palladium plating solution is used to decorate various jewelry products such as rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklaces. The solution with 2g/L palladium is sold as a commercial product. These baths are usually amine-based baths. This study aims to recover and purify the palladium metal from the waste palladium plating solution by selecting suitable parameters with high efficiency in an environmentally friendly, cheap, simple, and industrial application. Pure zinc powder was used as the cementator for the recovery of metallic palladium from palladium plating solutions in the form of an amine-palladium complex. In the case hardening experiments, the amount of cementator, reaction time, and temperature were examined as test parameters. Palladium analyzes were performed with ICP-OES; in addition, XRF and SEM analyses were also performed to characterize the palladium produced due to the cementation experiments. As a result of the experiments, palladium metal was obtained from plating solutions containing palladium with high purity by cementation. The product obtained can be turned into a palladium plating solution again by refining. Although there exists various information in the literature about the recovery of zinc and palladium used in the cementation process, the information on the cementation conditions is minimal. Within the framework of this study, it is aimed to contribute to the literature by illuminating the missing points about palladium chemistry. The palladium plating solution is used to decorate various jewelry products such as rings, earrings, bracelets, and necklaces. The solution with 2g/L palladium is sold as a commercial product. These baths are usually amine-based baths. This study aims to recover and purify the palladium metal from the waste palladium plating solution by selecting suitable parameters with high efficiency in an environmentally friendly, cheap, simple, and industrial application. Pure zinc powder was used as the cementator for the recovery of metallic palladium from palladium plating solutions in the form of an amine-palladium complex. In the case hardening experiments, the amount of cementator, reaction time, and temperature were examined as test parameters. Palladium analyzes were performed with ICP-OES; in addition, XRF and SEM analyses were also performed to characterize the palladium produced due to the cementation experiments. As a result of the experiments, palladium metal was obtained from plating solutions containing palladium with high purity by cementation. The product obtained can be turned into a palladium plating solution again by refining. Although there exists various information in the literature about the recovery of zinc and palladium used in the cementation process, the information on the cementation conditions is minimal. Within the framework of this study, it is aimed to contribute to the literature by illuminating the missing points about palladium chemistry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cementation, Palladium plating solution, XRF, ICP-OES

Kaynakça

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