BAĞIMSIZ KOLLUK ŞİKÂYET SİSTEMİNİN TEMEL ÖZELLİKLERİ VE ÖRNEK ÜLKE UYGULAMALARI

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 13, 311 - 343, 28.01.2021

Mustafa Güngör , Yusuf Karakılçık

Öz

Ülkelerin kolluk kuvvetlerine kişilerin temel hak ve özgürlüklerine müdahale niteliği taşıyan birtakım özel yetkiler verilmiştir. Bununla birlikte söz konusu yetkilerin kanuna dayanması, temel hak ve özgürlüklerin özlerine dokunmaması, amaca uygun kullanılması ve ölçülü olması zorunludur. Kolluk kuvvetlerinin denetlenmesi noktasında birtakım kurum içi mekanizmalar bulunsa da etkili bir denetimin ancak bağımsız ve tarafsız birimlerce sağlanabileceği bir gerçektir. Bu sebeple kolluk kuvvetlerinin sivil makamlarca gözetimi ön plana çıkmaktadır.
Etkili ve verimli kolluk hizmetleri, özgür ve demokratik bir toplumun temel taşı niteliğindedir ve kolluk hizmetlerini en iyi denetleyecek olan birim bu hizmetten doğrudan yararlanan halktır. Kolluk personelinin hak ihlali doğuracak eylem ve işlemlerine yönelik şikâyetleri ele alacak bağımsız mekanizmaların bulunması vatandaş, toplum ve kolluk teşkilatı nezdinde önemli faydalar sağlamaktadır. Hak ihlaline uğrayanlar kolluk teşkilatları dışında şikâyetlerini iletebilecekleri bir merciye kavuşmakta, kolluk personelinin hesap verebilirliğinin sağlanmasına katkıda bulunulmaktadır. Kolluk teşkilatları şikâyetleri daha etkili bir şekilde ele almakta, şikâyet sürecinde şeffaflık artmaktadır. Kolluk teşkilatı ve toplum arasındaki artan iletişim toplumsal ilişkileri geliştirmektedir. Kolluk politikalarına yönelik öneriler sayesinde aksayan hususlar giderilmekte, yargının iş yükü azalmaktadır.
Araştırma kapsamında, yalnızca kolluk kuvvetlerine yönelik şikâyetleri araştırmakla görevli uzmanlaşmış kuruma sahip ülkeler temel alınarak; Avrupa Konseyi üyesi ülkelerden Belçika, Danimarka, İngiltere ve Galler, İrlanda, İskoçya, Kuzey İrlanda, Lüksemburg, Macaristan, Malta ve Norveç; ayrıca iyi uygulama örneği kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek Güney Afrika, Kanada, Kenya ve Yeni Zelanda’da bulunan kurumlar yetki, kaynak, bağımsızlık, şeffaflık ve raporlama ve sivil toplum katılımı gibi birtakım kriterler kapsamında incelenerek iyi uygulama örnekleri tespit edilmiş ve birtakım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sivil gözetim

Kaynakça

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