Heterosis and heritability analyses for plant yield and some quality traits in F1 and F2 generations of maize

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 237 - 243, 20.06.2017

Fatih Kahrıman , Cem Ömer Egesel

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.321084

Cited By: 1

Öz

This study was conducted to
analyze the genetic effects for grain yield and some important kernel quality
traits in maize. Eight parental lines and their six hybrids were used as plant
material. Field experiments to evaluate plant material were carried out in two
locations (Çanakkale and Bursa) in 2013. 
The observed traits were single plant yield, protein content and oil
content. Additive, dominance and additive × additive models were utilized to
analyze the data. Variance component estimations showed that single plant yield
was under the control of dominance type gene action; while protein and oil
content were controlled by additive type gene action. High values (>60%) of
broad (H²) and narrow sense (h²) heritabilities were
observed for protein and oil content. The mean of F₁ generation for
single plant yield and oil content were higher than the mean of F₂
generation for these traits. Most of hybrids had positive mid parent heterosis
(Hmp) and better parent heterosis (Hbp) for single plant yield, while they had
negative heterosis values for protein content. Except for one cross (A680×IHO),
all of crosses had positive Hmp values for oil content.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Protein, Oil, Genetic analysis, Zea mays

Mısırın F1 ve F2 nesillerinde bitki verimi ve bazı kalite özellikleri için heritabilite ve heterosis analizleri

Öz

Bu çalışma mısırda
bazı önemli tane kalite özellikleri ile tane veriminin genetik analizlerini
yapmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada sekiz ebeveyn hat ve bunlara ait 6
adet hibrit, materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Tarla denemeleri 2013 yılında iki
ayrı lokasyonda (Çanakkale ve Bursa) yürütülmüştür. Gözlemlenen özellikler tek
bitki verimi, protein oranı ve yağ oranıdır. Verilerin analizinde eklemeli,
dominans ve eklemeli × eklemeli modeller kullanılmıştır. Varyans bileşen
analizleri, tek bitki veriminin dominans gen etkilerinin, protein ve yağ
oranlarının ise eklemeli genlerin kontrolü altında olduğunu göstermiştir.
Protein ve yağ oranı için geniş (H²) ve dar anlamda (h²)
kalıtım dereceleri yüksek (>%60) bulunmuştur. Tek bitki verimi ve yağ oranı
için F₁ neslinin ortalaması F₂ neslinden daha yüksek
bulunmuştur. Hibritlerin büyük kısmı tek bitki verimi için anaç ortalamalarına
(Hmp) ve üstün anaca (Hbp) göre pozitif heterosis gösterir iken, protein oranı
için negatif heterosise sahip olmuşlardır. Bir melez (A680×IHO) dışında, bütün
melezlerin Hmp değerleri pozitif bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Protein, Yağ, Genetik analiz, Mısır

Kaynakça

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