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Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2s, 23 - 32, 18.03.2021

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Doç. Dr. Talat Ayyıldız'a desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederim

Kaynakça

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  • Dimitrijevic, I., Micev, M., Saranovic, D., Markovic, V., Petrovic, J., Antic, S., Sekulic, A., Krivokapic, Z., 2008. Ischaemic colitis--review. Acta Chir Iugosl. 55, 89-95.
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Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2s, 23 - 32, 18.03.2021

Öz

Bleeding from the lower part of the digestive system that appears as hematochezia (fresh blood, clot or cherry-coloured stool) or melena (dark-coloured tarry stool) is called lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding (lower GI bleeding) (or colonic bleeding). In the traditional definition, lower GI bleeding was generally classified as bleeding distal to the Treitz ligament (duodenojejunal junction) as the border. In the last decade, GI bleeding has adopted three categories in some recent publications: Upper, middle, and lower. According to this category, bleeding from a source between the Treitz ligament and the ileocecal valve is classified as middle GI bleeding, bleeding from the distal of the ileocecal valve is classified lower GI bleeding. Lower GI bleeding and hospitalization rates increase with ageing. Currently, physicians managing lower GI bleeding have many different diagnostics and therapeutic options ranging from colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy to radiographic interventions such as scintigraphy or angiography. Lower GI bleeding often stops spontaneously and less common than upper GI bleeding. Even though no modality has emerged as the gold standard in the treatment of lower GI bleeding, colonoscopy has several advantages and is generally considered as the preferred initial test in most of the cases.

Proje Numarası

Derleme olarak derginin özel basımı için yazıldı.

Kaynakça

  • Agbo, S.P., 2011. Surgical management of hemorrhoids. J Surg Tech Case Rep. 3, 68-75.
  • Aigner, F., Gruber, H., Conrad, F., Eder, J., Wedel, T., Zelger, B., Engelhardt, V., Lametschwandtner, A., Wienert, V., Bohler, U., Margreiter, R., Fritsch, H., 2009. Revised morphology and hemodynamics of the anorectal vascular plexus: impact on the course of hemorrhoidal disease. Int J Colorectal Dis. 24, 105-13.
  • Al Khalloufi, K., Laiyemo, A.O., 2015. Management of rectal varices in portal hypertension. World J Hepatol. 7, 2992-8.
  • Anderloni, A., Jovani, M., Hassan, C., Repici, A., 2014. Advances, problems, and complications of polypectomy. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 7, 285-96.
  • Aoki, T., Hirata, Y., Yamada, A., Koike, K., 2019. Initial management for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol. 25, 69-84.
  • Asge Technology, C., Conway, J.D., Adler, D.G., Diehl, D.L., Farraye, F.A., Kantsevoy, S.V., Kaul, V., Kethu, S.R., Kwon, R.S., Mamula, P., Rodriguez, S.A., Tierney, W.M., 2009. Endoscopic hemostatic devices. Gastrointest Endosc. 69, 987-96.
  • Barnert, J., Messmann, H., 2009. Diagnosis and management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 6, 637-46.
  • Bloomfeld, R.S., Rockey, D.C., Shetzline, M.A., 2001. Endoscopic therapy of acute diverticular hemorrhage. Am J Gastroenterol. 96, 2367-72.
  • Bregenzer, N., Messmann, H., Holstege, A., 2002. [Role of urgent colonoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of severe diverticular bleeding]. Z Gastroenterol. 40, 483-5.
  • Brian West, A., 2006. The pathology of diverticulosis: classical concepts and mucosal changes in diverticula. J Clin Gastroenterol. 40 Suppl 3, S126-31.
  • Caos, A., Benner, K.G., Manier, J., McCarthy, D.M., Blessing, L.D., Katon, R.M., Gogel, H.K., 1986. Colonoscopy after Golytely preparation in acute rectal bleeding. J Clin Gastroenterol. 8, 46-9.
  • Carlo, P., Paolo, R.F., Carmelo, B., Salvatore, I., Giuseppe, A., Giacomo, B., Antonio, R., 2006. Colonoscopic evaluation of hematochezia in low and average risk patients for colorectal cancer: a prospective study. World J Gastroenterol. 12, 7304-8.
  • Chavalitdhamrong, D., Jensen, D.M., Kovacs, T.O., Jutabha, R., Dulai, G., Ohning, G., Machicado, G.A., 2011. Ischemic colitis as a cause of severe hematochezia: risk factors and outcomes compared with other colon diagnoses. Gastrointest Endosc. 74, 852-7.
  • Committee, A.S.o.P., Pasha, S.F., Shergill, A., Acosta, R.D., Chandrasekhara, V., Chathadi, K.V., Early, D., Evans, J.A., Fisher, D., Fonkalsrud, L., Hwang, J.H., Khashab, M.A., Lightdale, J.R., Muthusamy, V.R., Saltzman, J.R., Cash, B.D., 2014. The role of endoscopy in the patient with lower GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc. 79, 875-85.
  • Cubiella Fernandez, J., Nunez Calvo, L., Gonzalez Vazquez, E., Garcia Garcia, M.J., Alves Perez, M.T., Martinez Silva, I., Fernandez Seara, J., 2010. Risk factors associated with the development of ischemic colitis. World J Gastroenterol. 16, 4564-9.
  • Dam, H.Q., Brandon, D.C., Grantham, V.V., Hilson, A.J., Howarth, D.M., Maurer, A.H., Stabin, M.G., Tulchinsky, M., Ziessman, H.A., Zuckier, L.S., 2014. The SNMMI procedure standard/EANM practice guideline for gastrointestinal bleeding scintigraphy 2.0. J Nucl Med Technol. 42, 308-17.
  • Davila, R.E., Rajan, E., Adler, D.G., Egan, J., Hirota, W.K., Leighton, J.A., Qureshi, W., Zuckerman, M.J., Fanelli, R., Wheeler-Harbaugh, J., Baron, T.H., Faigel, D.O., Standards of Practice, C., 2005. ASGE Guideline: the role of endoscopy in the patient with lower-GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc. 62, 656-60.
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Toplam 95 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Clinical Research
Yazarlar

Serkan Öcal 0000-0003-3719-9482

Mehmet Mutlu Çatlı 0000-0003-0425-3438

Proje Numarası Derleme olarak derginin özel basımı için yazıldı.
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 9 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2s

Kaynak Göster

APA Öcal, S., & Çatlı, M. M. (2021). Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 38(2s), 23-32.
AMA Öcal S, Çatlı MM. Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. J. Exp. Clin. Med. Mart 2021;38(2s):23-32.
Chicago Öcal, Serkan, ve Mehmet Mutlu Çatlı. “Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, sy. 2s (Mart 2021): 23-32.
EndNote Öcal S, Çatlı MM (01 Mart 2021) Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38 2s 23–32.
IEEE S. Öcal ve M. M. Çatlı, “Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., c. 38, sy. 2s, ss. 23–32, 2021.
ISNAD Öcal, Serkan - Çatlı, Mehmet Mutlu. “Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38/2s (Mart 2021), 23-32.
JAMA Öcal S, Çatlı MM. Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38:23–32.
MLA Öcal, Serkan ve Mehmet Mutlu Çatlı. “Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, c. 38, sy. 2s, 2021, ss. 23-32.
Vancouver Öcal S, Çatlı MM. Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38(2s):23-32.