Paraphilias And Its Journey Throughout DSM’s

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 16, 1285 - 1306, 30.12.2018

Nesrin Duman

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.481118

Cited By: 2

Öz

“Paraphilia”
consists of a combination of the words “para” meaning “beside, aside” and
“philia” which means “love”. Paraphilias have been controversial subjects in
the mental health field in terms of defining what can be considered normal
versus disordered or deviant behavior. In part, this is related to changes in
sexual norms over time and between cultures. International Statistical
Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), a medical
classification list by the World Health Organization specifically did not
provide a definition for paraphilia. For this reason, the manual where we look
for the definition for paraphilia that is used worldwide is DSM (Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders). In the first DSM (DSM-1), which was
published in 1952, the paraphilias were considered as a type of sociopathic
personality disorder and they changed over time in terms of section, definition
and diagnosis criteria. In the current form of DSM which is called DSM-5 manual,
"paraphilic disorders" are classified separately. This current study
investigates the etiology, diagnostic criteria of paraphilias and factors
causes changes in DSM guidelines. Also, the journey of paraphilias will be
reviewed throughout all the manuals from DSM-1 to DSM-5 (DSM-1, DSM-2, DSM-3,
DSM-3R, DSM-4TR and DSM-5).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Paraphilia, perversion, paraphilic disorder, DSM

Parafililer ve DSM’lerdeki seyri

Öz

Paraphilia”
sözcüğü Eski Yunanca’da “yanında, civarında” anlamındaki “para” sözcüğü ile
“sevgi, sevi” anlamındaki “philia” kelimelerinin birleşiminden
oluşmaktadır.  Parafili konusunda ve
neyin normal ve karşısında neyin sapkın ya da bozuk davranış olduğunu
tanımlamada psikiyatri alanında büyük tartışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu durum kısmen,
cinsel normların zaman içindeki ve kültürler arasındaki değişiminden
kaynaklanmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından hazırlanan ICD-10 (International
Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) sınıflandırması
parafili için spesifik bir tanımlama getirmemiştir. Bu nedenle dünya genelinde
kullanılan parafili tanımı için bakılacak yer Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve
Sayımsal El Kitabı (DSM)’dır. 1952 yılında Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (APA)
tarafından yayınlanan ilk DSM’de (DSM-1) sosyopatik kişilik rahatsızlığının
türü olarak karşılaşılan parafililerin, zaman içerisinde kılavuzlardaki yeri,
tanımı, tanı kriterleri değişikliklere uğramıştır. Günümüzde kullanılan DSM-5
kılavuzunda parafililer, “parafili bozuklukları” adıyla ayrı bir başlıkta yer
alır hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada parafililerin etiyolojisi, tanı kriterleri ve
DSM kılavuzlarındaki değişimlerine etki eden faktörleri incelenecek ve
parafililerin DSM-1’den DSM-5’e kadar olan tüm el kitaplarındaki (DSM-1, DSM-2,
DSM-3, DSM-3R, DSM-4, DSM-4TR ve DSM-5) seyri değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

DSM, Parafili, perversiyon, parafili bozukluğu, DSM

Kaynakça

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