Gender Differences of Young People’s Altruistic Behaviors: A Public Goods Game Experiment

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 19, 2090 - 2106, 30.09.2019

Kıymet Yavuzaslan

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.604333

Öz

Altruism, a social fact described as a
human-specific behavior which assumes observing others’ interest as much as
personal utility or self-sacrifice has recently come to forward as a sensitive
subject that deserves investigation due to expanding technological-based
socialization among the young generation. The present study- oriented on the
altruistic attitude of young people within the framework of experimental
economics and a survey method contained public goods game was applied to
measure altruistic behavior. Public goods game is based on the judgement of
participators regarding how much money they could donate to a fund that would
be shared equally among all participants. In economics science, rational and
selfish individuals are expected to exhibit preferences both to keep money in
their hand and the amount that would come from the public pool. In the study
survey, demographic and cultural characteristics of young people were
investigated in terms of their role on young people’s altruistic behaviors. It
was revealed that gender and fathers’ occupations were found to be
statistically significant in young people’s preferences. As a result of
findings exhibited that personal characteristics of participant young people
were effective on their tendency to show altruistic behavior accordingly on
their economic preferences.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Behavioral Economics, Experimental Economics, Public Goods Game, Young People, Gender

Gençlerin Diğerkâmlık Davranışında Cinsiyet Farklılıkları: Bir Kamu Malı Oyunu Deneyi

Öz

Başkalarının yararını da kendi yararı kadar gözetme
yani fedakârlık olarak da nitelendirilebilecek insana özgü bir olgu olan
diğerkâmlık davranışı, genç neslin teknolojik yeniliklerle birlikte giderek
sosyalleştiği günümüz koşullarında araştırılması gereken hassas bir konu olmuştur.
Gençlerin diğerkâmlık tutumunun, deneysel iktisat kapsamında incelenmesi bu
çalışmanın ana hedefi olmuş ve diğerkâm davranışı ölçmek amacıyla kamu malı
oyunun yer aldığı anket yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Kamu malı oyunu; daha sonra eşit
şekilde paylaşılacak bir toplam meblağ için katılımcıların ellerindeki paranın
ne kadarını vereceklerini tercih etmeleri üzerine kurulurken, ekonomi biliminde
rasyonel davranan ve bencil olan bireylerin hem ellerindeki paraya, hem de
ortak havuzdan gelecek olan tutara sahip olacak tercihlerde bulunması beklenir.
Ankette, gençlerin demografik ve kültürel özelliklerinin diğerkâm
davranışlarındaki rolü de ölçülmüştür. Katılımcıların cinsiyeti ve babalarının
meslek durumunun, tercihlerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı etkisi olduğu sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular; ankete katılan gençlerin bireysel
özelliklerinin, diğerkâm davranış sergilemesinde ve dolayısıyla ekonomik
tercihlerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranışsal İktisat, Deneysel İktisat, Kamu Malı Oyunu, Genç, Cinsiyet

Kaynakça

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