Evlilik Uyumunun Kişilik Özellikleri, İlişkiye Dair İnançlar ve Çatışma Çözüm Stilleri Bağlamında Yordanması (Diyarbakır İli Örneği)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 40, 2056 - 2084, 01.08.2021

Özlem Çakmak Tolan , Mustafa Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.854688

Öz

Mevcut araştırmada evlilik uyumu ile kişilik özellikleri, ilişkiye dair inançlar ve çatışma çözüm stilleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığı ve bazı demografik değişkenler arasında evlilik uyumu açısından anlamlı düzeyde bir fark olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca evlilik uyumunun, kişilik özellikleri, ilişkiye dair inançlar ve çatışma çözüm stilleri bağlamında yordanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma 292 kadın ve 364 erkek olmak üzere 656 evli birey ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya katılan evli bireylere Çift Uyum Ölçeği (ÇUÖ), Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği (BFKÖ), İlişki İnanç Envanteri (İİE), Çatışma Çözüm Stilleri Ölçeği (ÇÇSÖ) ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizi için, Pearson korelasyon katsayısı, tek yönlü ANOVA ve adımsal regresyon analizi yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Çift uyumu toplam puanları ile olumlu çatışma, dışadönüklük, uyumluluk, özdisiplin ve gelişime açıklık boyutları arasında olumlu yönde; olumsuz çatışma, nörotiklik, anlaşmazlık zarar verir, cinsiyetler farklıdır ve eşler değişmez boyutları arasında ise olumsuz yönde anlamlı ilişki belirlenmiştir. Evli bireylerin evlilik uyumlarının, cinsiyet, yaş, çocuk sayısı ve evlenme biçimi değişkenlerine göre farklılaştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Evlilik uyumunu yordayan en güçlü değişkenlerin kişilik özelliklerinden nörotiklik, çatışma çözüm stillerinden olumlu çatışma, olumsuz çatışma ve geri çekilme, ilişkiye dair inançlardan ise, eşler değişmez ve anlaşmazlık zarar verir olduğu bulunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar ilgili alanyazın ışığı altında tartışılmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Evlilik uyumu, kişilik, ilişki inançları, çatışma çözüm stilleri.

Prediction of Marital Adjustment in the Context of Personality Traits, Relationship Beliefs and Conflict Resolution Styles (Sample of Diyarbakır)

Öz

In this study, whether there is a significant relationship between the personality traits, relationship beliefs, and conflict-resolution styles and whether there is any significant difference between some demographic variables with respect to marital adjustment were investigated. Additionally, the prediction of marital adjustment regarding personality traits, relationship beliefs, and conflict resolution styles was aimed. The study was conducted with 656 married individuals in total: 292 women and 364 men. Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI), Relationship Beliefs Inventory (RBI), Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (CRSI), and Personal Information Form were applied to the married couples in the research. The Pearson correlation coefficient methods, one-way ANOVA analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data obtained. A positive relationship was found between total scores of dyadic adjustments and positive conflict, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience scales. A negative relationship was found between total scores of dyadic adjustment scale and negative conflict, neuroticism, disagreement is destructive, genders are different and partners don’t change subscales. It has been concluded that the marital adjustment of the individuals varies according to their gender, age, number of children, and marriage formation type variables. It has also been found that the strongest variables that predict marital adjustment are neuroticism in terms of personality traits, positive conflict, negative conflict, and withdrawal in terms of conflict-resolution styles, and partners don’t change and disagreement is destructive in terms of relationship beliefs. The results obtained were tried to be discussed under the light of the relevant literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Marital adjustment, personality, relationship beliefs, conflict resolution styles

Kaynakça

• Addis, J., and Bernard, M. E. (2002). Marital adjustment and irrational beliefs. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 20(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015199803099
• Aluja, A., del Barrio, V., and García, L. F. (2007). Personality, social values, and marital satisfaction as predictors of parents’ rearing styles. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 7(3), 725–737.
• Belsky, J., and Kelly, J. J. (1994). The transition to parenthood : how a first child changes a marriage : why some couples grow closer and others apart. New York: Delacoute Press.
• Benet-Martinez, V., and John, O. E. (1998). Los Cinco Grandes Across Cultures and Ethnic Groups: Multitrait Multimethod Analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(3), 729–750.
• Bouchard, G., Lussier, Y., and Sabourin, S. (1999). Personality and marital adjustment: Utility of the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61(3), 651–660.
• Bradbury, T. N., and Fincham, F. D. (1993). Assessing dysfunctional cognition in marriage: A reconsideration of the relationship Belief inventory. Psychological Assessment, 5(1), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.1.92.
• Bradbury, T. N., Fincham, F. D., and Beach, S. R. H. (2000). Research on the nature and determinants of marital satisfaction: A decade in review. Journal of Marriage and Family. 62, 964-980. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00964.x
• Burman, B., Margolin, G., and John, R. S. (1993). America’s angriest home videos: Behavioral contingencies observed in home reenactments of marital conflict. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.1.28.
• Çağ, P. (2011). Evli bireylerde eş desteği ve evlilik doyumu. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Caughlin, John P., Huston, T. L., and Houtsve, R. M. (2000). How does personality matter in marriage? An examination of trait anxiety, interpersonal negativity, and marital satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), 326–336. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.326
• Çınar, L. (2008). Evlilik doyumu: Cinsiyet rolleri ve yardım arama tutumu. Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Cohan, C. L., and Bradbury, T. N. (1997). Negative life events, marital interaction, and the longitudinal course of newlywed marriage. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(1), 114–128. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.1.114
• Costa, P. T., and McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The neo personality inventory. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.5
• Craig, R. J., and Olson, R. E. (1995). 16 PF profiles and typologies for patients seen in marital therapy. Psychological Reports, 77(1), 187–194. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.1.187
• Cramer, D. (2000). Relationship satisfaction and conflict style in romantic relationships. The Journal of Psychology, 134(3), 337–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980009600873
• Debord, J., Romans, J. S. C., and Krieshok, T. (1996). Predicting dyadic adjustment from general and relationship-specific beliefs. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 130(3), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1996.9915008
• Decuyper, M., De Bolle, M., and De Fruyt, F. (2012). Personality similarity, perceptual accuracy, and relationship satisfaction in dating and married couples. Personal Relationships, 19(1), 128–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01344.x
• Demiray, Ö. (2006). Evlilikte uyumun demografik özelliklere göre incelenmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Diyarbakır.
• Digiuseppe, R., and Zee, C. (1986). A rational-emotive theory of marital dysfunction and marital therapy. Journal of Rational-Emotive Therapy, 4(1), 22-37.
• Dökmen, Z. Y., and Tokgöz, Ö. (2002). Cinsiyet, eğitim, cinsiyet rolü ile evlilik doyumu, eşle algılanan benzerlik arasındaki ilişkiler. In XII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları.
• Donnellan, M. B., Conger, R. D., and Bryant, C. M. (2004). The Big Five and enduring marriages q. Journal of Research in Personality, 38, 481–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2004.01.001
• Dowd, D. A., Means, M. J., Pope, J. F., and Humphries, J. (2005). Attributions and marital satisfaction: The mediated effects of self-disclosure. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 97(1), 22–26.
• Durmuş, E., and Baba, E. (2014). Evli çiftlerin duygusal zeka düzeyleri ile evlilik uyumlarinin karşılaştırılması. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1), 352-369.
• Dwyer, M. (2005). Emotional intelligence and conflict resolution style as predictors of marital satisfaction in the first year of marriage. The Gradute School, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
• Eidelson, R. J., and Epstein, N. (1982). Cognition and relationship maladjustment: Development of a measure of dysfunctional relationship beliefs. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50(5), 715–720. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.50.5.715
• Epstein, N., Pretzer, J. L., and Fleming, B. (1987). The role of cognitive appraisal in self-reports of marital communication. Behavior Therapy, 18(1), 51–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(87)80051-5
• Field, A. (2009). Discopering statistics using SPSS, thrid edition. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
• Fişiloǧlu, H., and Demir, A. (2000). Applicability of the Dyadic adjustment scale for measurement of marital quality with Turkish couples. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 16(3), 214–218.
• Fraenkel, J. R., and Wallen, N. E. (1993). How to design and evaluate research in education. (M. Ryan,Ed.) (Eight Edit). New York: McGraw Hill.
• Gattis, K. S., Simpson, L. E., Christensen, A., and Berns, S. (2004). Birds of a feather or strange birds? Ties among personality dimensions, similarity, and marital quality. Journal of Family Psychology, 18(4), 564–574. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.18.4.564
• Geist, R., and Gilbert, D. G. (1996). Correlates of expressed and felt emotion during marital conflict: Satisfaction, personality, process, and outcome. Elsevier, 21(1), 49–60.
• Gökmen, A. (2001). Evli eşlerin birbirlerine yönelik kontrolcülük ve bağımlılık algılarının evlilik doyumu üzerindeki etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Gottman, J. M. (1993). The roles of conflict engagement, escalation, and avoidance in marital interaction: A longitudinal view of five types of couples. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(1), 6-15.
• Gottman, J. M., and Krokoff, L. J. (1989). Marital interaction and satisfaction: A longitudinal view. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57(1), 47–52. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.57.1.47
• Greeff, A. P., and De Bruyne, T. (2000). Conflict management style and marital satisfaction. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 26(4), 321–334. https://doi.org/10.1080/009262300438724
• Haferkamp, C. J. (1994). Dysfunctional beliefs, self-monitoring, and marital conflict. Current Psychology, 13(3), 248–260.
• Halford, W. K., and Markman, H. J. (Eds.). (1997). Clinical Handbook of Marriage and Couples İnterventions. John Wiley and Sons Inc.
• Hamamci, Z., Kapci, E. G., and Turkcapar, H. (2010). Psychometric properties of the relationship belief inventory in Turkish couples. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 11(2), 127–132.
• Hamamci, Z. (2005). Dysfunctional relationship beliefs in marital satisfaction and adjustment. Social Behavior and Personality, 33(4), 313–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-005-0013-y
• Hayes, N., and Joseph, S. (2003). Big 5 correlates of three measures of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 34(4), 723–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00057-0
• Heavey, C. L., Layne, C., and Christensen, A. (1993). Gender and conflict structure in marital interaction: A replication and extension. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.61.1.16
• Heller, D., Ilies, R., and Watson, D. (2004). The role of person versus situation in life satisfaction: A critical examination. Psychological Bulletin, 130(4), 574–600. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.574
• Henri, B., and Jon, H. (2004). Conceptualizing the construct of interpersonal conflict. İnternational Journal of Conflict Management, 15(3), 216–244.
• Hortaçsu, N. (2007). Family- versus couple-initiated marriages in Turkey: Similarities and differences over the family life cycle. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 10(2), 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00217.x
• Hünler, O. S., and Gençöz, T. (2003). Boyun eğici davranışlar ve evlilik doyumu ilişkisi : Algılanan evlilik problemleri çözümünün rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi-TPD, 18(51), 99–108.
• Jose, O., and Alfons, V. (2007). Do demographics affect marital satisfaction? Orathinkal Jose & Vansteenwegen Alfons, 33(1), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/00926230600998573
• Karney, B. R., and Bradbury, T. N. (1995). The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, method, and research. Psychological Bulletin, 118(1), 3-34.
• Kelly, E. L., and Conley, J. J. (1987). Personality and compatibility: A prospective analysis of marital stability and marital satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.27
• Koolaee, A. K., Adibrad, N., and Sedgh, B. S. (2010). The comparison of relationship Beliefs and couples burnout in women who apply for divorce and women who want to continue their marital life. Iranian J Psychiatry, 5(1), 35-44.
• Kışlak, T. Ş. (1999). Evlilikte uyum ölçeğinin ( EUÖ ) güvenirlik ve geçerlik çalışması. Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 7(1), 50–57.
• Kurdek, L. (1997). The link between facets of neuroticism and dimensions of relationship commitment: Evidence from gay, lesbian, and heterosexual couples. Journal of Family Psychology, 11(4), 503–514.
• Kurdek, L. A. (1995). Predicting change in marital satisfaction from husbands’ and wives’ conflict resolution styles. Journal of Marriage and Family, 57(1), 153-164.
• Lavee Y. and Ben-Ari, A. (2004). Emotional expressiveness and neuroticism: Do they predict marital quality? Journal of Family Psychology, 18(4), 620-627.
• Metz, M. E., and Margretta Dwyer, S. (1993). Relationship conflict management patterns among sex dysfunction, sex offender, and satisfied couples. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 19(2), 104–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/00926239308404894
• Möller, A. T., and Van Der Merwe, J. D. (1997). Irrational beliefs, interpersonal perception and marital adjustment. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 15(4), 269–279. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025089809243
• Özen, A. (2006). Value similarities of wives and husbands and conflict resolution styles of spouses as predictors of marital adjustment. The Graduate School of Social Sciences, Middle East Technical University. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607273/index.pdf
• Robins, R. W., Caspi, A., and Moffitt, T. E. (2000). Two personalities, one relationship: Both partners’ personality traits shape the quality of their relationship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(2), 251–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.2.251
• Rogers, S., and Forces, P. (2000). Have changes in gender relations affected marital quality? Social Forces, 79(2), 731–753.
• Russell, R. J. H., and Wells, P. A. (1994). Personality and quality of marriage. British Journal of Psychology, 85(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1994.tb02516.x
• Schrumpf, F., Crawford, K. D., and Bodine, J. R. (1997). Peer mediation: Conflict resolution in schools: Program guide. Illinois: Research Press.
• Soleimani, S., Sharif, F., Mani, A., and Keshavarzi, S. (2004). The Effect of conflict resolution training on marital satisfaction in couples referring to counseling centers in Shiraz, Southern Iran. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 1(1), 26-34. http://ijcbnm.sums.ac.ir/index.php/ijcbnm/article/view/20
• Sharp, E. A., and Ganong, L. H. (2000). Raising awareness about marital expectations: Are unrealistic beliefs changed by integrative teaching? Family Relations. National Council on Family Relations. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00071.x
• Snyder, D. K., Heyman, R. E., and Haynes, S. N. (2005). Evidence-based approaches to assessing couple distress. Psychological Assessment, 17(3), 288–307. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.17.3.288
• Stanley, S. M., Markman, H. J., and Whitton, S. W. (2002). Communication, conflict, and commitment: Insights on the foundations of relationship success from a national survey. Family Process, 41(4), 659–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2002.00659.x
• Sternberg, R., and Hojjat, M. (1997). Satisfaction in close relationships. New York: Guilford Press.
• Sümer, N., Lajunen, T., and Özkan, T. (2005). Big five personality traits as the distal predictors of road accident. Traffic and Transport Psychology, 18, 215–227.
• Tobin, R. M., Graziano, W. G., Vanman, E. J., and Tassinary, L. G. (2000). Personality, emotional experience, and efforts to control emotions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(4), 656–669. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.4.656
• Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., and Foster, C. A. (2003, August). Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65, 574-583. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00574.x
• Vaillant, C. O., and Vaillant, G. E. (1993). Is the U-curve of marital satisfaction an illusion? A 40-year study of marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55(23), 230–239.
• Watson, D., Hubbard, B., and Wiese, D. (2000). General traits of personality and affectivity as predictors of satisfaction in intimate relationships: Evidence from self- and partner-ratings. Journal of Personality, 68(3), 413-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.00102
• Zeytinoğlu, E. (2013). Evli bireylerin benlik saygısı, kıskançlık düzeyi, evlilikteki çatışmalar ve evlilik doyumu arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Zoby, M. (2005). The association between personality and marital and relationship outcome. Regent University, Virginia Beach, Virginia. https://search.proquest.com/docview/305379290?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true