Hemodiyaliz hastalarında okült hepatit B ve hepatit C enfeksiyonu sıklığı

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 174 - 178, 01.06.2018

Neziha Yılmaz , Aydın Çifci , Mehmet Balcı Salih Cesur , Seda Sabah Özcan S. Süha Şen Reyhan Öztürk Çiğdem Kader Hasan Irmak Mehmet İbiş Laser Sanal

https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.324840

Öz

Amaç: 
Hepatit B virüsü (HBV) ve Hepatit C virüsü (HCV)  diyaliz ünitelerinde  sıklıkla bulaşabilen  virüslerdendir.   Okült HBV veya HCV enfeksiyonu  serumda 
HBsAg  veya anti-HCV saptanamayan
kişilerdeki  HBV veya HCV enfeksiyonunun varlığının kan veya karaciğer dokusunda
moleküler yöntemlerle (HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA ile) gösterilmesidir.  Bu çalışmada hemodiyalize giren, HBV ve HCV
seronegatif hemodiyaliz hastalarına ait plazma örneklerinde  HBV-DNA 
ve  HCV-RNA   tayini ile okült  HBV ya da HCV enfeksiyonu sıklığının
araştırılması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya hemodiyalize
giren, HBV ve HCV göstergeleri (HBsAg, HBcIgG ve IgM , Anti-HCV) negatif olan
121 erişkin hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar hemodiyaliz süresi, kan transfüzyonu
öyküsü, ailede hepatit B ve C enfeksiyonu varlığı açısından sorgulandı.
Hastalardan alınan plazma  örneklerinde
HBV-DNA ve HCV-RNA varlığı COBAS® TaqMan® 48 Analyzer  (for automated real-time PCR amplification
and detection)   kullanılarak   COBAS Taqman
kitleri  ( Cobas Taqman HBV v.2  ve HCV v.2 
Roche, US)  kiti ile   kantitatif 
olarak  araştırıldı. . 

Bulgular: Toplam 121 hemodiyaliz
hastasının 1’inde (%0.82) HCV-RNA pozitifliği saptanırken (138.000 IU/ml ), 10(%8.2)’unda   HBV-DNA saptanabilir düzeyde idi.  HBV-DNA saptanan 10 plasma örneğinin  7 (%70)’sinde HBV-DNA düzeyi < 6IU/ml  iken  3
(%30)’ünde HBV-DNA düzeyi > 6IU/ml olarak bulundu. HBV-DNA düzeyi > 6
IU/ml olan 3 hastaya ait HBV-DNA miktarları 
108 IU/ml, 157.000.000 IU/ml ve 72.5 IU/ml olarak saptandı.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda Hepatit B ve C yönünden serolojik göstergeleri negatif olan
hemodiyaliz hastalarında okült hepatit B enfeksiyonu sıklığı okült hepatit C
enfeksiyonundan yaklaşık 10 kat daha fazla oranda saptandı. Serumda, veya
karaciğerde HBV DNA veya HCV RNA pozitifliği hemodiyaliz ünitelerinde
potansiyel bulaş kaynağıdır. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında HBV veya HCV’ye
bağlı  okült hepatit varlığı  diğer hastalara ve sağlık personeline bulaş
olasılığı ve böbrek naklinden sonra hastalarda özellikle hepatit reaktivasyonu veya  kronik karaciğer hastalığı gelişmesi
açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle özellikle transplantasyon planlanan hemodiyaliz
hastalarında okült hepatit varlığı moleküler yöntemlerle araştırılmasının
yararlı olacağı görüşündeyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Okült hepatit, hepatit B, hepatit C, real time PCR, hemodiyaliz hastaları

Frequency of occult hepatitis B and C infections in hemodialysis patients

Öz

Aim: Hepatitis B (HBV) virus and
Hepatitis C virus (HCV ) are commonly transmitted viruses in dialysis units.
Occult HBV or HCV infections are HBV or HCV infections in patients when HBs Ag
or anti-HCV is not detected in serum. In this study, it was aimed to detect HBV
DNA and HCV RNA in plasma samples belonging to hemodialysis patients who are
seronegative for HBV and HCV and to investigate frequency of occult HBV or HCV
infections.

Material and Method: 121 adult patients
who are receiving hemodialysis and whose HBV and HCV indicators (HBsAg, HBcIgG and
IgM, Anti-HCV) are negative were included in the study. Presence of HBV-DNA and
HCV-RNA in plasma samples of patients was investigated by using COBAS® TaqMan®
48 Analyzer (for automated real-time PCR amplification and detection) in a
quantitative fashion with COBAS Taqman kits (Cobas Taqman HBV v.2 and HCV v.2
Roche, USA)

Results: In 1 out of 121 hemodialysis
patients (0.82%), HCV-RNA level was detected as 138.000 IU/ml, in 10 out of 121
hemodialysis patients (8.2%) HBV-DNA was at detectable level. While in 7 of 10
plasma samples (70%) in which HBV-DNA was detected, HBV-DNA level was <
6IU/ml, in 3 of 10 plasma samples (30%) HBV-DNA level was found as >6IU/ml.
HBV-DNA amounts belonging to 3 patients whose HBV-DNA level was >6 IU/ml
were found as 108 IU/ml, 157.000.000 IU/ml and 72.5 IU/ml.

Conclusion: It was found out that in
hemodialysis patients whose serologic indicators for Hepatitis B and C are
negative, occult Hepatitis B infection is seen 10 times more frequently than
Hepatitis C infection. Positive demonstration of HBV-DNA or HCV-RNA in serum or
liver is potentially seen in hemodialysis units. Incidence of occult hepatitis
due to HBV or HCV in hemodialysis patients is of significant importance in
terms of the probability of its transmission to other patients and healthcare
staff and development of especially hepatitis reactivation or chronic liver
disease in patients after kidney transplant.

For this reason,
we believe it would be particularly useful to investigate the presence of
occult hepatitis by molecular methods in hemodialysis patients  especially scheduled for transplantation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Occult hepatitis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, real-time PCR, hemodialysis patients

Kaynakça

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