آثار الانتخابات التي جرت خلال الحرب الأهلية على عملية بناء الأمة: تقييم للانتخابات النيابية لعام 2014 في ليبيا

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 31 - 48, 07.07.2022

Fuat Emir Şefkatli , Güngör Şahin

https://doi.org/10.47932/ortetut.1125616

Öz

في المقال ، سيتم فحص آثار الانتخابات التي جرت أثناء أو بعد الحرب الأهلية مباشرة على الديمقراطية والاستقرار الدائم والسلام الاجتماعي. في هذا السياق ، تم تحديد الانتخابات البرلمانية الليبية لعام 2014 على أنها القضية الرئيسية. التحليل الشامل للمثال الليبي مهم من حيث فهم أصول الدول غير المستقرة وغير الناجحة ، خاصة في الشرق الأوسط وأفريقيا ، على الرغم من اختلافه عن الأدبيات في هذا المجال. تم استخدام أسلوب البحث النوعي في الدراسة. في هذا الاتجاه ، أولاً وقبل كل شيء ، سيتم رسم إطار نظري ، واعتمادًا على تطور ومحتوى بيئة الصراع في ليبيا ، سيتم تحليل الأسباب التي تجعل الانتخابات عاملاً مستقطبًا ونوع المخاطر الأمنية التي تجلبها. في المقالة. تحت العناوين الفرعية للولاء والشرعية والأمن ، أعاقت الانتخابات البرلمانية لعام 2014 عملية المصالحة السياسية ، ولا سيما التكامل الاجتماعي والعسكري في ليبيا ، وتم تناولها بأمثلة مفصلة. بناءً على ذلك ، يُقال إن أصحاب المصلحة الذين ظهروا في المشهد السياسي بعد الحرب الأهلية الليبية رأوا في الانتخابات وسيلة للوصول إلى السلطة ، وفي هذا السياق خلقت نتائج الانتخابات أزمة شرعية أدت إلى الانقسام. .

Anahtar Kelimeler

حرب اهلية, ديمقراطية, تصويت, بناء الأمة, ليبيا

İç Savaş Sırasında Uygulanan Seçimlerin Ulus İnşa Sürecine Etkileri: Libya 2014 Parlamento Seçimleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Makalede iç savaş sırasında ya da hemen sonrasında gerçekleşen seçimlerin demokrasi, kalıcı istikrar ve toplumsal barış üzerindeki etkileri incelenecektir. Bu çerçevede 2014 Libya parlamento seçimleri temel vaka olarak belirlenmiştir. Libya örneği üzerinden yapılacak kapsamlı inceleme, alan literatüründen ayrışmakla beraber özellikle Ortadoğu ve Afrika’daki istikrarsız ve başarısız devletlerin kökenlerini anlamak bakımından önemlidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle teorik bir çerçeve çizilecek, Libya’daki çatışma ortamının gelişimi ve içeriğine bağlı olarak seçimlerin hangi saikler doğrultusunda kutuplaştırıcı bir etken olduğu ve ne tür güvenlik risklerini beraberinde getirdiği makalede analiz edilecektir. Bağlılık, meşruiyet ve güvenlik alt başlıkları altından 2014 parlamento seçimlerinin Libya’nın toplumsal ve askeri entegrasyonu başta olmak üzere siyasi uzlaşı sürecini aksattığı çalışmada detaylı örnekler ile beraber işlenmektedir. Bundan hareketle Libya iç savaşı sonrası siyaset sahnesinde ön plana çıkan paydaşların seçimleri iktidara ulaşmada bir araç olarak gördüğü ve bu bağlamda seçim sonuçlarının ayrışmaları tetikleyen bir meşruiyet krizi yarattığı varsayımı ileri sürülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İç Savaş, Demokrasi, seçim, ulus inşası, libya

The Effects of the Elections Held During the Civil War on the Nation Building Process: An Evaluation of the 2014 Parliamentary Elections in Libya

Öz

In the article, the effects of the elections that took place during or just after the civil war on democracy, lasting stability and social peace will be examined. In this context, the 2014 Libyan parliamentary elections were chosen as the main case. A comprehensive analysis of the Libyan example is important in terms of understanding the origins of unstable and unsuccessful states, especially in the Middle East and Africa, although it differs from the literature in the field. The qualitative research method was used in the study. In this direction, first of all, a theoretical framework will be drawn, and depending on the development and content of the conflict environment in Libya, the reasons for which the elections are a polarizing factor and what kind of security risks they bring will be analyzed in the article. Under the sub-headings of loyalty, legitimacy and security, the 2014 parliamentary elections hindered the political reconciliation process, especially Libya's social and military integration, is handled with detailed examples. Based on this, it is argued that the stakeholders who came to the fore in the political scene after the Libyan civil war saw the elections as a means of reaching power, and in this context, the election results created a legitimacy crisis that triggered the disunity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Civil War, Democracy, Elections, Nation Building, Libya

Kaynakça

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