Üniversite Öğrencilerine Yönelik Ruh Sağlığı Hizmetlerinde İnternet Tabanlı Müdahaleler: Bir Gözden Geçirme

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 5, 814 - 833, 27.09.2023

Ömer Özer , Burak Köksal

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1309551

Öz

Üniversite öğrencilerinde ruh sağlığı problemleri yaygındır. Ancak damgalama, ulaşım, yüksek maliyet, uzmana ulaşamama, uzun bekleme listeleri gibi nedenlerden dolayı üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik yardım alma eğilimleri düşüktür. Üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik yardım alma engellerini ortadan kaldırabilecek alternatif psikolojik destek müdahaleleri geliştirilmektedir. Teknolojik gelişmelerin psikoloji alanına yansımasının bir sonucu olan internet tabanlı müdahaleler farklı gruplar ve farklı problem alanlarında etkililiği kanıtlanmış müdahalelerdir. Çeşitli kuramsal yaklaşımlara dayalı olarak geliştirilebilen internet tabanlı müdahaleler bilgisayar ya da mobil cihazlar yolu ile sunulmaktadır. İnternet tabanlı müdahaleler yüz yüze sunulan psikolojik yardım sürecine yardımcı bir araç olarak ya da tek başına bir müdahale olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Müdahaleler bir uzman desteği eşliğinde ya da kullanıcının yalnız başına kullanacağı şekilde dizayn edilebilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasının ilk bölümünde internet tabanlı müdahalelerin tanımı, kapsamı, türleri, etkililiği, avantajları ile birlikte internet tabanlı müdahalelerde katılım ve erken bırakma, olumsuz/yan etkiler ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde internet tabanlı müdahalelerin farklı problem alanları üzerindeki etkililiği üniversite öğrencileri üzerindeki çalışmalar bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Son bölümde Türkiye’deki mevcut durum ele alınmış ve bu alanda çalışacak araştırmacılara önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnternet tabanlı müdahale, Psikolojik yardım, Ruh sağlığı, Üniversite öğrencileri

Internet-Based Interventions in Mental Health Services for University Students: A Review

Öz

Mental health problems are common among university students. However, university students are less likely to seek psychological help due to stigmatization, distance, high psychotherapy costs, difficulty accessing specialists, and long waiting lists. Internet-based interventions, which result from the reflection of technological developments in psychology, are interventions that have proven to be effective in different groups and in various problem areas. Developed on the basis of different theoretical approaches, internet-based interventions are delivered via computers or mobile devices. Internet-based interventions can be used both in clinical samples and in the general population, as an additional tool in face-to-face psychological help or as a separate intervention. Interventions can be designed to be used by the user alone or with the support of an expert. The first part of this review discusses the definition, scope, types, effectiveness, advantages, participation and early dropout, and negative/adverse effects of internet-based interventions. In the second part, the effectiveness of internet-based interventions in different problem areas is evaluated in the context of studies conducted on university students. The current situation in Turkey is also discussed and suggestions are made for researchers who will study this field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Internet-based intervention, Psychological help, Mental, health, University students

Kaynakça

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