Allerjik Rinite Benzeyen Semptomlara Sahip Hastaların İnhalan Allerjenlere Karşı Gösterdiği Duyarlılıkta Doğum Ayı Önemli Bir Faktör müdür?

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 262 - 272, 30.09.2019

Ahmet Hamdi Kepekçi , Cenk Kığ

https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.470839

Öz

İstanbul’un Avrupa bölgesinde gerçekleştirilen retrospektif çalışma ile,
allerjik rinit (AR) benzeri semptomları olan hastalarda görülen inhalan
allerjen duyarlılığı ile kişilerin doğum ayları arasında bir ilişki olup
olmadığını araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. AR’ye benzeyen semptomlar gösteren 3460 hastaya deri prik test
uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan alerjenler kökenlerine göre bitkiler,
mantarlar, ev tozu akarları ve hayvan epiteli (kedi ve köpek) olmak üzere 4 ana
kategoride gruplandırılmıştır. Sonuçlar inhalan allerjenler bakımından SPSS
analiz yazılımı kullanılarak retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. 2302
hastanın (%66,5) yaygın inhalan allerjenlerden en az
bir veya daha fazlasına karşı duyarlılık gösterdiği belirlendi. Polen duyarlılığı en yüksek oranda (%53,8) görülürken
en az rastlanan duyarlılık (%21,7) hayvan epiteline karşı elde edildi. Haziran
ve Temmuz ayında doğanların toz akarlarına karşı duyarlılık gösterme
olasılığının arttığı (p<0,012) buna karşılık, Ağustos ayında doğan
bireylerin Quercus Robur’a karşı duyarlı olma olasılıklarının daha düşük olduğu
(p<0,038) bulundu. Yaz dönemlerinde doğan hastaların ev tozu akarlarına
(HDM) karşı duyarlılık gösterme olasılığının yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Ev tozu
akarlarına karşı evlerde mücadele edilerek olabildiğince alt seviyede tutmak
önemlidir. Bu kapsamda elde ettiğimiz bulgular, AR’ye benzeyen semptomlara
sahip hastalar için kişiselleştirilmiş koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin
planlanmasına katkı sunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deri prick testi, Allerjik rinit, İnhalant allerjen, Doğum Ayı

Is month of birth an important factor for sensitization to inhalant allergens in patients with symptoms similar to Allergic Rhinitis?

Öz

In this retrospective study, performed in the European region of
Istanbul, it was aimed to investigate whether the birth month is a factor in
inhalant allergen sensitivity in patients with symptoms similar to allergic
rhinitis (AR). Skin prick test was applied to 3460 patients with symptoms
similar to AR. The allergens used in the study were grouped according to their
origin in four main categories: plants, fungi, house dust mites and animal
epithelium (cat and dog). The results were retrospectively evaluated using
SPSS analysis software. 2302 patients
(66.5%) had at least one or more sensitization to the common inhalant
allergens. Pollen sensitization was found to be the most common (53.8%) while
sensitivity to the animal dander was the lowest (21.7%) among the individuals.
Birth in June and July increased the risk for developing sensitization to the
house dust mite (p< 0.012) whereas, birth in August was correlated with a
lower risk of sensitization to Quercus Robur (p< 0.038).  This study showed that individuals born in
summer period can be at risk for developing HDM sensitizations. Thus, it
is important to keep the house dust mites as low as possible by taking
preventative measures in houses. Our
findings may contribute to the planning of personalized preventive health care
services for patients with AR-like symptoms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Skin prick test, allergic rhinitis, inhalant allergens, birth of month

Kaynakça

• Salo PM, Arbes SJ, Jaramillo R, Calatroni A, Weir CH, Sever ML, et al. Prevalence of allergic sensitization in the United States: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(2):350-9.
• Tran NP, Vickery J, Blaiss MS. Management of rhinitis: allergic and non-allergic. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2011;3(3):148-56.
• Shilpa C VHR. Allergic Rhinitis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015;1(2):7-9.
• Dottorini M, Bruni B, Peccini F, Bottini P, Pini L, Donato F, et al. Skin prick‐test reactivity to aeroallergens and allergic symptoms in an urban population of central Italy: a longitudinal study. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007;37(2):188-96.
• Katelaris CH, Lee BW, Potter PC, Maspero JF, Cingi C, Lopatin A, et al. Prevalence and diversity of allergic rhinitis in regions of the world beyond Europe and North America. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(2):186-207.
• Olivieri M, Verlato G, Corsico A, Lo Cascio V, Bugiani M, Marinoni A, et al. Prevalence and features of allergic rhinitis in Italy. Allergy. 2002;57(7):600-6.
• Güneralp B, Tezer A, Albayrak İ. Local assessment of İstanbul: biodiversity and ecosystem services. Urbanization, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities: Springer; 2013. p. 291-311.
• Keles N, Ilicali ÖC, Deger K. Impact of air pollution on prevalence of rhinitis in Istanbul. Arch Environ Health. 1999;54(1):48-51.
• Dorner T, Lawrence K, Rieder A, Kunze M. Epidemiology of allergies in Austria. Results of the first Austrian allergy report. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2007;157(11-12):235-42.
• Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens W, Togias A, et al. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008. Allergy. 2008;63(s86):8-160.
• Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann K-C, Bresciani M, Burbach G, Darsow U, et al. The skin prick test–European standards. Clin Transl Allergy. 2013;3(1):3.
• Morris A. Atopy, anamnesis and allergy testing. InnovAiT. 2009.
• Motala C, Hawarden D. Diagnostic testing in allergy. S Afr Med J. 2009;99(7):531-5.
• Farrokhi S, Gheybi MK, Movahed A, Tahmasebi R, Iranpour D, Fatemi A, et al. Common aeroallergens in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis living in southwestern part of Iran: based on skin prick test reactivity. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015;14(2):133.
• Bousquet PJ, Chinn S, Janson C, Kogevinas M, Burney P, Jarvis D. Geographical variation in the prevalence of positive skin tests to environmental aeroallergens in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey I. Allergy. 2007;62(3):301-9.
• Żukiewicz-Sobczak WA. The role of fungi in allergic diseases. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2013;30(1):42.
• Popescu FD. Cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and food allergens. World J Methodol. 2015 Jun 26;5(2):31-50. PubMed PMID: 26140270. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC4482820.
• Twaroch TE, Curin M, Valenta R, Swoboda I. Mold allergens in respiratory allergy: from structure to therapy. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2015;7(3):205-20.
• Khan AH, Karuppayil SM. Fungal pollution of indoor environments and its management. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2012;19(4):405-26.
• Nevalainen A, Täubel M, Hyvärinen A. Indoor fungi: companions and contaminants. Indoor air. 2015;25(2):125-56.
• Yasan H, Aynali G, Akkuş Ö, Doğru H, Özkan M, Şahin M. Alerjik rinitten sorumlu alerjen profilinin değişimi ve semptomlarla korelasyonu. 2006.
• Cingi C, Topuz B, Songu M, Kara CO, Ural A, Yaz A, et al. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the adult population in Turkey. Acta Otolaryngol. 2010 May;130(5):600-6. PubMed PMID: 19916895.
• Vassallo MF, Banerji A, Rudders SA, Clark S, Mullins RJ, Camargo Jr CA. Season of birth and food allergy in children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010;104(4):307-13.
• Ramesh M, Cohen L, Kachirayan M, Rajan T. Relationship of date of birth and seasonal allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;125(2):AB32.
• Arlian LG. Water balance and humidity requirements of house dust mites. Exp Appl Acarol. 1992;16(1-2):15-35.
• Celenk S, Bicakci A, Tamay Z, Guler N, Altunoglu MK, Canitez Y, et al. Airborne pollen in European and Asian parts of Istanbul. Environ Monit Assess. 2010;164(1-4):391-402.