İlkokul Dönemi Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklar İçin Aday Bildirim Ölçeği (İDABÖ) Geliştirme Çalışması
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 297 - 311, 01.09.2024
Ahmet Bildiren
,
Nilgun Kirişçi
,
Sevinç Zeynep Kavruk
,
Yıldız Yıldırım
,
Özge Bıkmaz Bilgen
,
Bahtiyar Dildeğmez
Öz
Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı üstün yetenekli ilkokul öğrencilerine yönelik öğretmen aday bildirim ölçeğinin geliştirilmesidir. Geliştirilen ölçeğin kuramsal temeli Renzulli’nin Üç Halka Kuramı’na dayanmaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma kapsamında ilkokul dönemindeki üstün yetenekli çocukları belirlemek amacıyla İlkokul Dönemi Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklar için Öğretmen Aday Bildirim Ölçeği (İDABÖ) geliştirilmiştir. Çalışma tarama modelinde betimsel bir araştırmadır. Çalışma 1’de, temel eksenler analizine dayalı açımlayıcı faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma 2’de, güçlü maksimum olabilirlik kestirim yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma 3’te, ölçeğin geçerliği test edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Pilot çalışma 507 katılımcı ile 89 maddelik deneme formu kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Pilot uygulama aşamasından sonra ölçekte 50 madde kalmıştır. 225 katılımcıyla 50 maddelik ölçek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, ölçeğe ilişkin uyum indekslerinin mükemmel uyuma sahip olduğu belirlenmiş ve ölçeğin ikinci düzey üç faktörlü ve 27 maddeden oluşan yapısı doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğine ilişkin yapılan incelemede üstün yetenekli öğrenciler ile tipik gelişim gösteren öğrenciler karşılaştırılmış ve üstün yetenekli öğrenciler lehine istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliğine ilişkin Cronbach’s α ve tabakalı Cronbach’s α, McDonald’s ω, bileşik güvenirlik katsayıları ve çıkarılan ortalama varyans değerleri incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamına ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin güvenirlik katsayılarının tamamının .95 üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Tartışma: Bulgular doğrultusunda “İlkokul Dönemi Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklar İçin Aday Bildirim Ölçeği’ nin, geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu ve üstün yetenekli çocukları tanılamada güvenilir puanlar vereceği söylenebilir.
Kaynakça
- Akar, İ., & Uluman, M. (2013). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin üstün yetenekli öğrencileri doğru aday gösterme durumları [Elementary education teachers' accuracy in nominating the gifted student]. Journal of Gifted Education Research, 1(3), 199-212. https://www.ajindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423937359.pdf Erişim tarihi: 10.06.2023
- Ayas, M. B., & Kirişçi, N. (2021). Özel yeteneklilerin özellikleri ve tanılanması. In U. Sak & M. Melekoğulu (Eds.). Öğrenme güçlüğü ve özel yetenek [Learnin disabilities and giftedness] (pp. 154-170.) Pegem Yayıncılık.
- Bildiren, A. & Bıkmaz-Bilgen, Ö. (2019). Okul öncesi dönem üstün yetenekli çocuklar için aday bildirim ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Candidate Notification Scale for Gifted Children in Pre-school Period: Validity and Reliability Studies]. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Journal of Special Education, 20(2), 269-289. https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.475278
- Bildiren, A. (2018a). Özel (üstün) yetenekli çocuklar. In U. Şahbaz (Ed.), Özel eğitim ve kaynaştırma [Special education and inclusion] (pp. 248-282). Anı Yayıncılık.
- Bildiren, A. (2018b). Üstün yetenekli çocuklar [Gifted children]. Pegem Akademi.
- Borland, J. H. (2021). The trouble with conceptions of giftedness. In R. J. Sternberg & D. Ambrose (Eds.), Conceptions of giftedness and talent, (pp. 37-48). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Brody, L. (2007). Review of the gifted and talented evaluation scales. In K. F. Geisinger, R. A. Spies, J. F. Carlson, & B. S. Plake (Eds.), The seventeenth mental measurements yearbook (pp. 343-345). Buros Center for Testing.
- Brown, S. W., Renzulli, J. S., Gubbins, E. J., Siegle, D., Zhang, W., & Chen, C. (2005). Assumptions underlying the identification of gifted and talented students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 49(1), 68-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/001698620504900107
- Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford.
- Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternate ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Sage.
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem.
- Darga, H. (2010). Brigance K&I Screen II ile ilköğretim 1. sınıfta saptanan üstün yetenekli çocuklara ve sınıf arkadaşlarına uygulanan zenginleştirme programının çoklu zekâ alanlarındaki performans düzeylerine etkisi [The effect of enrichment programme applied to gifted/highly superior intelligent children and their classmates determined from primary education 1st class level via Brigance K&I Screen II, on improving their performance levels in multiple intelligence field] (Thesis Number: 279651) [Doctoral thesis, Gazi University]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
- Fraenkel, J., Wallen, N., & Hyun, H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
- Gentry, M. L., Pereira, N., Peters, S. J., McIntosh, J. S., & Fugate, C. M. (2015). HOPE Teacher Rating Scale (manual): Involving teachers in equitable identification of gifted and talented students in K-12. Prufrock Press.
- Gilliam, J. E., & Jerman, O. (2015). Gifted and talented evaluation scales: Examiner’s manual (2nd ed.). Pro-Ed.
- Gilliam, J. E., Carpenter, B. O., & Christensen, J. R. (1996). Gifted and talented evaluation scales. Prufrock Press.
- Güçyeter, Ş., & Sak, U. (2018). Özel yeteneklilerin tanılanmasında var olan güncel sorunlar ve çözümleri. In U. Sak (Ed.), Üstün yeteneklilerin tanılanması [Identification of giftedness]. (pp. 185-204). Vize Akademi.
- Heller, K. A. (2004). Identification of gifted and talented students. Psychology Science, 46(3), 302-323. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=56757f1700d865a9920d8d033370c8ca4c1af6e6 Erişim tarihi: 12.06.2023
- Hemphill, A. N. (2009). How teacher participation in the identification process impacts the underrepresentation of minority students in gifted programs (Thesis Number: 269426). [Doctoral thesis, University of Southern California].
- Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Jarosewich, T., Pfeiffer, S. I., & Morris, J. (2002). Identifying gifted students using teacher rating scales: A review of existing instruments. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 20. 322–336.
- Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
- Karabulut, R., & Ömeroğlu, E. (2021). A validity and reliability study of a nomination scale for identifying gifted children in early childhood. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction. 13(2), 1756-1777. https://ijci.globets.org/index.php/IJCI/article/view/670
- Karadağ, F., & Pfeiffer, S. (2016). Identifying gifted preschoolers in Turkey: The reliability and validity of the Turkish-translated version of the GRS-Preschool/Kindergarten Form. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(10), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i10.1686
- Kaufman, S. B., & Sternberg, R. J. (2008). Conceptions of giftedness. In S. I. Pfeiffer (Ed.), Handbook of giftedness in children (pp. 71-91). Springer.
- Lakin, J. M., & Lohman, D. F. (2011). The predictive accuracy of verbal, quantitative, and nonverbal reasoning tests: Consequences for talent identification and program diversity. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 34, 595-623. https://doi.org/10.1177/016235321103400404
- Marsh, H. W., Balla, J. R., & McDonald, R. P. (1988). Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 391–410. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.391
- McCarney, S. B., & Anderson, P. D. (1998). The gifted evaluation scale - technical manual (2nd ed.). Hawthorne Educational Services.
- Ministry of National Education. (2013). Üstün yetenekli bireyler strateji ve uygulama eylem planı 2013–2017 [Gifted individuals strategy and implementation action plan 2013–2017]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://abdigm.meb.gov.tr/projeler/ois/005.pdf
- Ministry of National Education. (2018). Özel eğitim hizmetleri yönetmeliği [Special education services regulation]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/07/20180707-8.htm
- Ministry of National Education. (2019). Bilim ve sanat merkezleri yönergesi [Science and art centers directive]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://orgm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2016_10/07031350_bilsem_yonergesi.pdf
- Ministry of National Education. (2022a). Bilim ve sanat merkezi öğrenci tanılama ve yerleştirme süreci ön değerlendirme sonuçları [Science and art center student identification and placement process preliminary evaluation results]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.meb.gov.tr/bilim-ve-sanat-merkezi-ogrenci-tanilama-ve-yerlestirme-sureci-on-degerlendirme-sonuclari-aciklandi/haber/26190/tr
- Ministry of National Education. (2022b). Bilim ve sanat merkezleri öğrenci tanılama ve yerleştirme kılavuzu 2022-2023 [Science and art centers student identification and placement guide 2022-2023. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://orgm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2022_12/06120245_2022-2023_BIYLIYM_VE_SANAT_MERKEZLERIY_ OYGYRENCIY_TANILAMA_VE_YERLESYTIYRME_KILAVUZU.pdf
- National Association for Gifted Children. (2015). State of the states in gifted education policy and practice data: 2014-2015. Retrived from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED608027.pdf
- Olszewski-Kubilius, P., & Thomson, D. (2015). Talent development as a framework for gifted education. Gifted Child Today, 38(1), 49-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076217514556531
- Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS. McGraw-hill Education.
- Perković-Krijan, I., Jurčec, L., & Borić, E. (2015). Primary school teachers' attitudes toward gifted students. Croatian Journal of Education, 17(3), 681-724. https://doi.org/10.15516/cje.v17i3.1199
- Pfeiffer, S. I. (2002). Identifying gifted and talented students: Recurring issues and promising solutions. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 19(1), 31-50. https://doi.org/10.1300/J008v19n01_03.
- Pfeiffer, S. I., & Jarosewich, T. (2007). The gifted rating scalesschool form an analysis of the standardization sample based on age, gender, race, and diagnostic efficiency. Gifted Child Quarterly, 51(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016986206296
- Pfeiffer, S., & Jarosewich, T. (2003). Gifted rating scales. Pearson.
- Renzulli, J. S. (1978). What makes giftedness: A re‐ examination of the definition of the gifted and talented. University of Connecticut, Bureau of Educational Research Report Series.
- Renzulli, J. S., & Reis, S. M. (2021). The three ring conception of giftedness: A change in direction from being gifted to the development of gifted behaviors. In R. J. Sternberg & D. Ambrose (Eds.) Conceptions of giftedness and talent (pp. 335-357). Pagrave Macmillan.
- Renzulli, J. S., & Reis, S. M. (Eds.). (2004). Identification of students for gifted and talented programs. Corwin Press.
- Renzulli, J. S., Smith, L. H., White, A. J., Callahan, C. M., Hartman, R. K., & Westberg, K. I. (1997). Scales for rating the behavioral characteristics of superior students. Creative Learning Press.
- Rothenbusch, S., Voss, T., Golle, J., & Zettler, I. (2018). Linking teacher and parent ratings of teacher-nominated gifted elementary school students to each other and to school grades. Gifted Child Quarterly, 62(2), 230-250. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016986217752100
- Ryser, G. R., & McConnell, K. (2004). Scales for identifying gifted students: Ages 5 through 18. Prufrock Press.
Sak, U. (2017). Üstün zekâlılar: Özellikleri tanılanmaları eğitimleri [Gifted children: Characteristics, identification and education]. Vize Yayıncılık.
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Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S (2014). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson.
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Developing a Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 297 - 311, 01.09.2024
Ahmet Bildiren
,
Nilgun Kirişçi
,
Sevinç Zeynep Kavruk
,
Yıldız Yıldırım
,
Özge Bıkmaz Bilgen
,
Bahtiyar Dildeğmez
Öz
Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop a teacher nomination scale for gifted students in primary schools. The developed scale is theoretically based on Renzulli’s Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness Theory.
Method: In this study, a Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools (TNSG-P) was developed to identify gifted children attending primary school. The descriptive survey design was used in this study. In study 1, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal axis method was conducted. In study 2, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using robust maximum likelihood estimation method was carried out. In study 3, the validity of the scale was tested.
Findings: A pilot study involving 507 participants was carried out using the 89-item trial form. After the pilot phase, 50 items remained in the scale. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the 50-item scale in a sample of 225 participants. This showed that the fit indices of the scale had a perfect fit and the second level three-factor structure of the scale with 27 items was confirmed. In the validity analysis of the scale, gifted students and typical students were compared and a statistically significant difference was obtained in favor of the gifted students. Cronbach’s α and stratified Cronbach’s α, McDonald’s ω, composite reliability coefficients and average variance extracted (AVE) values regarding the reliability of the scale were also examined. The reliability coefficients for both the overall scale and its subscales were found to be above .95.
Discussion: The findings have revealed that the Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools is a valid assessment instrument and gives reliable scores in identifying gifted children.
Kaynakça
- Akar, İ., & Uluman, M. (2013). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin üstün yetenekli öğrencileri doğru aday gösterme durumları [Elementary education teachers' accuracy in nominating the gifted student]. Journal of Gifted Education Research, 1(3), 199-212. https://www.ajindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423937359.pdf Erişim tarihi: 10.06.2023
- Ayas, M. B., & Kirişçi, N. (2021). Özel yeteneklilerin özellikleri ve tanılanması. In U. Sak & M. Melekoğulu (Eds.). Öğrenme güçlüğü ve özel yetenek [Learnin disabilities and giftedness] (pp. 154-170.) Pegem Yayıncılık.
- Bildiren, A. & Bıkmaz-Bilgen, Ö. (2019). Okul öncesi dönem üstün yetenekli çocuklar için aday bildirim ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Candidate Notification Scale for Gifted Children in Pre-school Period: Validity and Reliability Studies]. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Journal of Special Education, 20(2), 269-289. https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.475278
- Bildiren, A. (2018a). Özel (üstün) yetenekli çocuklar. In U. Şahbaz (Ed.), Özel eğitim ve kaynaştırma [Special education and inclusion] (pp. 248-282). Anı Yayıncılık.
- Bildiren, A. (2018b). Üstün yetenekli çocuklar [Gifted children]. Pegem Akademi.
- Borland, J. H. (2021). The trouble with conceptions of giftedness. In R. J. Sternberg & D. Ambrose (Eds.), Conceptions of giftedness and talent, (pp. 37-48). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Brody, L. (2007). Review of the gifted and talented evaluation scales. In K. F. Geisinger, R. A. Spies, J. F. Carlson, & B. S. Plake (Eds.), The seventeenth mental measurements yearbook (pp. 343-345). Buros Center for Testing.
- Brown, S. W., Renzulli, J. S., Gubbins, E. J., Siegle, D., Zhang, W., & Chen, C. (2005). Assumptions underlying the identification of gifted and talented students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 49(1), 68-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/001698620504900107
- Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford.
- Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternate ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Sage.
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem.
- Darga, H. (2010). Brigance K&I Screen II ile ilköğretim 1. sınıfta saptanan üstün yetenekli çocuklara ve sınıf arkadaşlarına uygulanan zenginleştirme programının çoklu zekâ alanlarındaki performans düzeylerine etkisi [The effect of enrichment programme applied to gifted/highly superior intelligent children and their classmates determined from primary education 1st class level via Brigance K&I Screen II, on improving their performance levels in multiple intelligence field] (Thesis Number: 279651) [Doctoral thesis, Gazi University]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
- Fraenkel, J., Wallen, N., & Hyun, H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
- Gentry, M. L., Pereira, N., Peters, S. J., McIntosh, J. S., & Fugate, C. M. (2015). HOPE Teacher Rating Scale (manual): Involving teachers in equitable identification of gifted and talented students in K-12. Prufrock Press.
- Gilliam, J. E., & Jerman, O. (2015). Gifted and talented evaluation scales: Examiner’s manual (2nd ed.). Pro-Ed.
- Gilliam, J. E., Carpenter, B. O., & Christensen, J. R. (1996). Gifted and talented evaluation scales. Prufrock Press.
- Güçyeter, Ş., & Sak, U. (2018). Özel yeteneklilerin tanılanmasında var olan güncel sorunlar ve çözümleri. In U. Sak (Ed.), Üstün yeteneklilerin tanılanması [Identification of giftedness]. (pp. 185-204). Vize Akademi.
- Heller, K. A. (2004). Identification of gifted and talented students. Psychology Science, 46(3), 302-323. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=56757f1700d865a9920d8d033370c8ca4c1af6e6 Erişim tarihi: 12.06.2023
- Hemphill, A. N. (2009). How teacher participation in the identification process impacts the underrepresentation of minority students in gifted programs (Thesis Number: 269426). [Doctoral thesis, University of Southern California].
- Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Jarosewich, T., Pfeiffer, S. I., & Morris, J. (2002). Identifying gifted students using teacher rating scales: A review of existing instruments. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 20. 322–336.
- Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
- Karabulut, R., & Ömeroğlu, E. (2021). A validity and reliability study of a nomination scale for identifying gifted children in early childhood. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction. 13(2), 1756-1777. https://ijci.globets.org/index.php/IJCI/article/view/670
- Karadağ, F., & Pfeiffer, S. (2016). Identifying gifted preschoolers in Turkey: The reliability and validity of the Turkish-translated version of the GRS-Preschool/Kindergarten Form. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(10), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v4i10.1686
- Kaufman, S. B., & Sternberg, R. J. (2008). Conceptions of giftedness. In S. I. Pfeiffer (Ed.), Handbook of giftedness in children (pp. 71-91). Springer.
- Lakin, J. M., & Lohman, D. F. (2011). The predictive accuracy of verbal, quantitative, and nonverbal reasoning tests: Consequences for talent identification and program diversity. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 34, 595-623. https://doi.org/10.1177/016235321103400404
- Marsh, H. W., Balla, J. R., & McDonald, R. P. (1988). Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 391–410. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.391
- McCarney, S. B., & Anderson, P. D. (1998). The gifted evaluation scale - technical manual (2nd ed.). Hawthorne Educational Services.
- Ministry of National Education. (2013). Üstün yetenekli bireyler strateji ve uygulama eylem planı 2013–2017 [Gifted individuals strategy and implementation action plan 2013–2017]. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Genel Müdürlüğü. https://abdigm.meb.gov.tr/projeler/ois/005.pdf
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