Biyopolimer katkıların killi ve kumlu zeminlerin permeabilite ve kayma dayanımına etkisinin araştırılması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 3, 268 - 273, 30.06.2017

Hasan Fırat Pulat , Başar Taytak Yeliz Yükselen Aksoy

Öz

Zeminlerin
mühendislik özelliklerini iyileştirmek amacıyla birçok metot kullanılmaktadır.
Geliştirilen metotların bazıları etkili bir çözüm üretemezken bazılarıysa
pratik amaçlar için ekonomik olmayabilir. Bu çalışmada doğal kaolin, bentonit
ve kum karışımlarının permeabilite ve kayma dayanımı davranışları üç farklı tür
biyopolimerin (zantan gam, kitosan ve kitin) %0.25, %0.5, %0.75, %1
konsantrasyonları varlığında incelenmiştir. Deney sonuçları incelendiğinde zantan
gam ve kitosanın permeabilite katsayısında 30 katı bulan azalmalara neden
olduğu görülmüştür. Biyopolimerlerin kayma dayanımına etkisine bakıldığında
%1’lik zantan gam ve kitosan konsantrasyonunun içsel sürtünme açısı değerinde
%10-15 oranında bir artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen
sonuçlar biyopolimerlerin geçirimsiz kil bariyerlere ihtiyaç duyulan baraj
gövdelerinde ve çöp depolama alanlarında kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyopolimer, Kayma dayanımı, Kitin, Kitosan, Permeabilite, Zantan gam

Kaynakça

• De Boodt M, Verdock O, Penninck R. “The pysical properties of different horticultural substrates”. Acta Horticulturae, 150, 155-160, 1984. Aminpour M, O Kelly BC. Applications of biopolymers in dam construction and operation activities. Editors: Pina C, Portela E, Caldeira L, Batista A, Dias I, and Santos R. Proceedings of the Second International Dam World Conference (DW2015), 1, 937 – 946, LNEC, Lisbon, Portugal, 21-24 April 2015. Chang I, IM J, Cho GC. “Introduction of microbial biopolymers in soil treatment for future environmentally-friendly and sustainable geotechnical engineering”. Sustainability, 8(3), 251-273, 2016. Mitchell JK, Santamarina JC. “Biological considerations in geotechnical engineering”. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 131(10), 1222-1233, 2005. Dejong JT, Soga K, Kavazanjian E, Burns S, Van Paassen LA, Al Qabany A, Aydilek A, Bang SS, Burbank M, Caslake LF, Chen CY. “Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications: Progress, opportunities and challenges”. Geotechnique, 63(4), 287-301, 2013. Yang ICY, Li Y, Park JK, Yen TF. The Use of Slime-Forming Bacteria to Enhance the Strength of Soil Matrices. Editors: Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery-Recent Advances, In E.T. Premuzic and A. Vvoodhead, Elsevier Scientifıc Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1993. Kavazanjian E Jr, Karatas, I. Microbiological improvement of the physical properties of soil. 6th International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, Arlington, VA, August 11-16, 2008. Seybold CA. “Polyacrylamide review: Soil conditioning and environmentalfate”. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 25(11-12), 2171-2185, 1994. Münzberg J, Rau U, Wagner F. “Investigations on the regioselective hydrolysis of a branched β-1,3-glucan”. Carbohydrate Polymers, 27(4), 271-276, 1995. Mazeau K, Rinaudo M. “The prediction of the characteristics of some polysaccharides from molecular modellig comparison with effective behavior”. Food Hydracolloids, 18, 885-898, 2004. Demir A, SeventekinN. “Kitin, Kitosan ve genel kullanım alanları”. Tekstil Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 3(2), 92-103, 2009. Kim JG, Kim TH, Lee JS, Ko KS, Lee GH, Chon CM, Cho CH, Cheong YW. “Soil characteristics and phosphorus accumulation in surface soil in relation to geological and land-use conditions”. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 52, 313-320, 2006. Karimi S. A study of geotechnical applications of biopolymer treated soils with an emphasis on silt. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Kaliforniya, USA, 1998. Kavazanjian Jr E, Iglesias E. “Biopolymer soil stabilization for wind erosion control”. 17th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Alexandria, Egypt, 5-9 October, 2009. Etemadi O, Petrisor IG, Kim D, Wan MW, Yen TF. “Stabilization of metals in subsurface by biopolymers: Laboratory drainage flow studies.” Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 12(5), 647-661, 2003. Martin GR, Yen TF, Karimi S. "Application of biopolymer technology in silty soil matrices to form impervious barriers". 7th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Adelaide, Australia, 814–819, 1996. Agostini E, Coniglio MS, Milrad SR, Tigier HA, Giulietti AM. “Phytoremediation of 2,4- dichlorophenol by Brassica napus hairy root cultures”. Biotechnology Applied Biochemistry, 37(2), 139-144, 2003. Letey J. “Adsorption and desorption of polymers on soil”. Soil Science, 158(4), 244-248, 1994. Abu-Zreig, M. “Runoff and Erosion control of silt clay soil with land application of polyacrylamide”. Archive of Agronomy and Soil Science, 52(3), 289-298, 2006. Li Y, Yang IC, Lee Y, Yen TF. Subsurface Application of Alcaligenus eutrophus for Plugging of Porous Media. Editors : Premuzic ET. and Woodhead A. Proceeding of 4th International Conference of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1993. Chang I, Im J, Prasidhi AK, Cho GC. “Effects of xanthan gum biopolymer on soil strengthening”. Construction and Building Materials, 74, 65-72, 2015. Uzuner BA. Çözümlü Problemlerle Temel Zemin Mekaniği.10.Baskı. Ankara, Türkiye, Derya Kitabevi, 2016. Czarnes S, Hallett PD, Bengough AG, Young IM. “Root-and microbial-derived mucilages affect soil structure and water transport”. European Journal Soil Science, 51(3), 435-443, 2000.