Güç şebekelerinde minimum kayıpları sağlayan STATCOM konumunun ve değerinin belirlenmesinde farklı sezgisel algoritmaların karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 5, 550 - 558, 20.10.2017

Yalçın Alcan , Ali Öztürk , Hasan Dirik Memnun Demir

Öz

Güç
sistemleri üzerine yapılan çalışmaların en önemli konularından biri toplam
kayıpların azaltılmasıdır. Esnek A. A. iletim sistemleri (FACTS) bu amacın
gerçekleştirilmesinde önemli bir araç olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Statik Senkron
Kompanzatörler (STATCOM), söz konusu FACTS yapılarının çalışması bakımından
arasında en esnek ve gelişmiş olanlarıdır. Bir güç sistemindeki toplam kayıplar
STATCOM’un bağlı bulunduğu baranın konumu ve tepkin güç çıkış değerine göre
değişir. Bu çalışmada dört farklı sezgisel algoritma kullanılarak güç
sistemi kayıplarının minimumunu elde etmeyi sağlayacak en iyi STATCOM konumunun
ve çıkış değerinin belirlenmesi ve böylece algoritmaların karşılaştırılması
amaçlanmıştır. Kullanılan sezgisel yöntemler sırasıyla Yerçekimsel Arama
Algoritması (YAA), Parçacık Sürü
Optimizasyonu (PSO), Yapay Arı Kolonisi Algoritması (YAK) ve Karınca Kolonisi
Algoritması (KKA) yöntemleridir. Yöntemler IEEE’nin 14 baralı test
sistemine uygulanarak en az sistem kayıplarının elde edilebildiği STATCOM konumları
ve bu konumlardaki STATCOM tepkin güç çıkış değerleri bulunmuştur. Elde edilen
sonuçlar en uygun değeri bulma ve yakınsama hızı bakımından karşılaştırılmış ve
tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Optimal konum, STATCOM, Yerçekimsel arama algoritması, Parçacık sürü optimizasyonu, Yapay arı kolonisi, Karınca kolonisi algoritması

Comparison of different heuristic algorithms for location and value determination of STATCOM providing minimum losses in power systems

Öz

One of
the most important issues of studies that have been done on the power systems
is loss reduction. Flexible A. C. transmission systems (FACTS) give significant
opportunities to realize this aim. Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOMs)
are the most flexible and sophisticated structure as compared to the other
FACTS devices in terms of operation. Total losses of a power system change
according to the location and reactive power output of STATCOM. In this work,
it is aimed to find optimum location and output value of a STATCOM that provide
minimum losses of power system by using four different heuristic algorithms and
to compare these algorithms.  Heuristic
algorithms that are used in this paper are Gravitational Search Algorithm
(GSA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Ant
Colony Algorithm (ACA) respectively. These methods were applied to IEEE-14 bus
test system, and optimum locations and output values of STATCOMs that provide
minimum losses have been found. Also, results of all methods are compared and
discussed in terms of finding proper value and convergence speed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Optimal location, STATCOM, Gravitational search algorithm, Particle swarm optimization, Artificial bee colony, Ant colony algorithm

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