Efficiency analysis of OECD countries during COVID-19 pandemic using multi-stage DEA

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 5, 426 - 439, 31.10.2023

Şeyma Meltem Kıdak Rifat Aykut Arapoğlu , Ezgi Aktar Demirtaş

Öz

The aim of this study is to compare the efficiencies of 36 OECD countries in the fight against the COVID 19 pandemic. A three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is proposed. While the first stage analyzes the pre-covid situation, the contagion control and medical treatment stages evaluate the current COVID status of the countries. In the threestage model, 8 input, 3 intermediate and 3 output variables are used. Efficiency analysis was carried out using output-oriented and constant return to scale CCR model and variable return to scale BCC models. First of all, efficiency analysis was performed for all countries at each stage. Target values have been calculated for countries that are not on the efficient frontier. Considering the target values and percentage changes, suggestions were made for countries to reach the efficient frontier. It has been observed that Turkey is efficient in the pre-Covid and medical treatment stages, but inefficient in the contagion control. Suggestions have been made by comparing the countries that are in the reference position for Turkey in the contagion control stage. Afterwards, with a study that can be described as a sensitivity analysis, overall efficiency scores were calculated for each country by giving different weights to the stages. No multi-stage DEA study has been found that calculates overall efficiency scores and deals with the pre-Covid and Covid pandemic period together.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multi-Stage DEA, COVID-19 pandemic, OECD countries, Efficiency measurement

COVİD-19 pandemisinde çok aşamalı VZA ile OECD ülkelerinin etkinlik analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 36 OECD ülkesinin Covid 19 pandemisi ile mücadeledeki etkinliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. Üç aşamalı Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) önerilmiştir. İlk aşama, covid öncesi durumu analiz ederken, bulaş kontrolü ve tıbbi tedavi aşamaları ise ülkelerin mevcut COVID durumunu değerlendirmektedir. Üç aşamalı modelde 8 adet girdi değişkeni, 3 adet ara değişken ve 3 adet çıktı değişkeni kullanılmıştır. Etkinlik analizi, çıktı yönelimli ve ölçeğe göre sabit getirili CCR ve ölçeğe göre değişken getirili BCC modelleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öncelikle herbir aşama için tüm ülkelerin etkinlik analizi yapılmıştır. Etkin sınırda olmayan ülkeler için hedef değerler hesaplanmıştır. Hedef değerler ve yüzde değişimler dikkate alınarak ülkelerin etkin sınıra ulaşabilmesi için önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Türkiye’nin Covid-öncesi ve tıbbi tedavi aşamalarında etkin olduğu, bulaş kontrolünde ise etkin olmadığı görülmüştür. Bulaş kontrolünde Türkiye’ye referans olan ülkelerle kıyaslama yapılarak önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Sonrasında duyarlılık analizi olarak nitelendirilebilecek bir çalışma ile aşamalara farklı ağırlıklar verilerek her ülke için bütünsel etkinlik puanları hesaplanmıştır. Covid öncesi ve Covid pandemi sürecini birlikte ele alan ve bütünsel etkinlik puanlarını hesaplayan çok aşamalı bir VZA çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çok aşamalı VZA, COVID-19 pandemisi, OECD ülkeleri, Etkinlik ölçümü

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