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KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 21 - 36, 18.07.2023

Ahmet Tayyar

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128
Cited By: 1

Öz

Okyanus-deniz asitlenmesi, ülkelere ait mavi ekonomileri tehdit eden önemli bir konudur. Karbondioksit yoğunluğundaki artışlar denizleri giderek asitli hale getirmektedir. Asitlenmedeki artış karbonat doygunluğunun azalmasına ve deniz canlılarının biyolojik açıdan olumsuz etkilenmelerine neden olmaktadır. Asitlenmeye bağlı olarak tüm ekosistemin etkilenmesinin hem toplumsal hem de ekonomik sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye’nin mavi ekonomi (balıkçılık sektörü için) endüstri-içi ticaret yapısının asitlenmeden etkilenip etkilenmediğini incelemektir. Bu nedenle çalışmada 1990-2019 dönemine ilişkin karbondioksit eşdeğerli toplam sera gazı, reel gayrisafi yurtiçi hâsıla ve Grubel-Lloyd endeks değerleri değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arası eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin belirlenimi ile kısa-uzun dönemli katsayıların elde edilmesinde ARDL-ECM yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; i) Değişkenler arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. ii) Uzun dönemde karbondioksit eşdeğerli toplam sera gazındaki artışlar endüstri-içi ticareti arttırmaktadır. iii) Kısa ve uzun dönemde reel gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıladaki artışlar endüstri-içi ticareti arttırmaktadır. Sonuç olarak okyanus-deniz asitlenmesi mavi ekonomilere ait olan endüstri-içi ticareti değiştirebilme gücüne sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mavi Ekonomi Okyanus Asitlenmesi Endüstri-içi Ticaret Grubel-Lloyd Endeksi Çevre Kirliliği.

Kaynakça

  • Atar, H.H. ve Kızılgök, A.B. (2018). “Küresel Isınmanın Balıkçılığa Etkileri”, Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi, 53(3), 1102-1125.
  • Balassa, B. (1986). “The Determinants of Intra-Industry Specialization in United States Trade.” Oxford Economic Papers, 38(2), 220-233.
  • Başkol, M. O. (2009). “Türkiye’nin Endüstri-içi Ticaretinin Analizi”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 1-24.
  • Bozkurt, H. (2013). Zaman Serileri Analizi, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Bölük, G. ve Mert, M. (2015). “The Renewable Energy, Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Turkey: An ARDL Approach”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 587-595.
  • Branch, T. A., DeJoseph, B.M., Ray, L.J. ve Wagner, C. A. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Seafood”, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(3), 178-186.
  • Brander, K. ve Havenhand, J. (2016). “Impacts of Climate Change, including Acidification, on Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries”. Climate Impacts on the Baltic Sea: From Science to Policy, (Ed: M. Reckermann, K. Brander, B.R. MacKenzie ve O. Omsted), Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Brülhart, M. (1995). “Scale Economies, Intra-industry Trade and Industry Location in the New Trade Theory”, Trinity Economic Papers, No. 95/4.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2003). “Anthropogenic Carbon and Ocean pH”, Nature, 425(6956), 365.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2005). “Ocean Model Predictions of Chemistry Changes from Carbon Dioxide Emissions to the Atmosphere and Ocean”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110C, 1-12.
  • Cattano, C., Claudet, J., Domenici, P. ve Milazzo, M. (2018). “Living in a High World: A Global Meta-Analysis Shows Multiple Trait-Mediated Fish Responses to Ocean Acidification”, Ecological Monographs, 88(3), 320-335.
  • Cooley, S.R. ve Doney, S.C. (2009). “Anticipating Ocean Acidification’s Economic Consequences for Commercial Fisheries”, Environmental Research Letters, 4, 024007, 1-8.
  • Cornwall, C.E. ve Hurd, C.L. (2016). “Experimental Design in Ocean Acidification Research: Problems and Solutions”, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73, 572-581.
  • Çoban, M. N. ve Ölmez, Ü. (2017). “Mavi Ekonomi ve Mavi Büyüme”, Turkish Studies, 12(3), 155-166.
  • Daw, T., Adger, W.N., Brown, K, ve Badjeck, M.C. (2009). “Climate Change and Capture Fisheries: Potential Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation”, Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture: Overview of Current Scientific Knowledge, (Ed.: K. Cochrane, C. De Young, D. Soto ve T. Bahri), FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No: 530, Rome,
  • Doney, S.C., Fabry, V.J., Feely, R.A. ve Kleypas, J.A. (2009). “Ocean Acidification: The Other Problem”, Annual Review of Marine Science, 1(1), 169-192.
  • Ekstrom, J.A., Suatoni, L., Cooley, S.R., Pendleton, L.H., Waldbusser, G.G. et al. (2015). “Vulnerability and Adaptation of US Shellfisheries to Ocean Acidification”, Nature Climate Change, 1-8.
  • Falkenberg, L.J., Bellerby, R.G.J., Connell, S.D., Fleming, L.E., Maycock, B., Russell, B.D., Sullivan, F.J. ve Dupont, S. (2020). “Ocean Acidification and Human Health”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4563, 1-18.
  • FAO, (2018). “Dünyada Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinin Durumu”, http://www.fao.org/3/CA0191TR/ca0191tr.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Feely, R.A., Sabine, C.L., Lee, K., Berelson, W., Kleypas, J., Fabry, J.V. ve Millero, F.J. (2004). “Impact of Anthropogenic on the System in the Oceans”, Science, 305, 362-366.
  • Gattuso, J.P., Brewer, P.G., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kleypas, J.A., Pörtner, H.O. ve Schmidt, D.N. (2014). “Cross-Chapter Box on Ocean Acidification”, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, (Ed.: C.B. Field et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1983). “On The Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, The Economic Journal, 93(372), 900-908.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1987). “Intra-Industry Trade: Current Perspectives and Unresolved Issues”, Weltwirtschafliches Archiv, 123(1), 39-57.
  • Grubel, H. ve Lloyd, P.J. (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, Economic Record, 47(4), 494-517.
  • Hilmi, N., Allemand, D., Cinar, M., Cooley, S., Hall-Spencer, J.M. et al. (2014). “Exposure of Mediterranean Countries to Ocean Acidification”, Water, 6, 1719-1744.
  • IPCC. (2007). “Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report”, Contribution of Working Groups I-II-III and Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: R.K. Pachauri ve A. Reisinger), Switzerland.
  • IPCC. (2013). “Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis”, Contribution of Working Groups I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: T.F. Stocker et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom ve New York.
  • Isensee, K. ve Valdes, L. (2015). “Ocean Acidification”, GSDR 2015 Brief, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5844Ocean%20acidification.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Kroeker, K.J., Kordas, R.L., Crim, R., Hendriks, I.E., Ramajo, L. et al. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms: Quantifying Sensitivities and Internactions with Warming”, Global Change Biology, 19, 1884-1896.
  • Krugman, P. (1980). “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade”, The American Economic Review, 70(5), 950-959.
  • Labarthe, T.L., Nunes, P., Ziveri, P., Cinar, M., Gazeau, F. et al. (2016). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification in a Warming Mediterranean Sea: An Overview”, Regional Studies in Marine Science, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253944/document, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M. (2003). “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082-1089.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). “Domestic Production and Foreign Trade: The American Capital Position Reconsidered”, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 97, 332-349.
  • Licker, R., Ekwurzel, B., Doney, S.C., Cooley, S.R., Lima, I.D., Heede, R. ve Frumhoff, P.C. (2019). “Attributing Ocean Acidification to Major Carbon Producers”, Environmental Research Letters, 14, 124060, 1-14.
  • Loertscher, R. ve Wolter, F. (1980). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: Among Countries and Across Industries”, Review of World Economics, 116(2), 280-293.
  • Mangi, S.C., Lee, J., Pinnegar, J.K., Law, R.J., Tyllianakis, E. ve Birchenough, S. N.R. (2018). “The Economic Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Shellfish Fisheries and Aquaculture in the United Kingdom”, Environmental Science and Policy, 86, 95-105.
  • Mert, M., ve Çağlar, A. E. (2019). Eviews ve Gauss Uygulamalı Zaman Serileri Analizi, 1. Baskı, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). “The Saving and Invesment Nexus for China: Evidence From Cointegraion Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income to High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US. Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), 332-342.
  • O’Rourke, K. H. (2003). “Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Individual Attitudes Towards Globalization”, National Bureau of Economic Research, WP: 9872, http://www.nber.org/papers/w9872, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Orr, J.C., Fabry, V.J., Aumont, O., Bopp, L., Doney, S.C. et al. (2005). “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms”, Nature, 437, 681-686.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Yongcheol, S. Ve Smith, R.J. (2001). “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P.C. ve Perron, P. (1988). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Pörtner, H.O., Langenbuch, M. ve Reipschlager, A. (2004). “Biological Impact of Elevated Ocean Concentrations: Lessons From Animal Physiology and Earth History”, Journal of Oceanography, 60, 705-718.
  • Royal Society, (2005). “Ocean Acidification due to Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide”, Policy Document- London, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2005/9634.pdf, (Erişim: 10.08.2022).
  • Ruffin, R. J. (1999). “The Nature and Significance of Intra-Indusrty Trade”, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic and Financial Review Fourth Quarter, https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/efr/1999/efr9904a.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Sezer, N. (2019). Okyanus Asitlenmesinin Deniz Omurgasızlarında Radyonüklid Biyobirikimine Etkileri. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Tayyar, A. E. (2022). “Is Global Climate Change Affecting Intra-Industry Trade? Econometric Evidence for the Fisheries Sector in Turkey”, Panoeconomicus, https://panoeconomicus.org/index.php/jorunal/article/view/1257, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • TÜİK, (2021). “Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr, (Erişim: 10.10.2022). Upton, H. F. ve Folger, P. (2013). “Ocean Acidification”, Congressional Research Service, https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227633/m1/1/high_res_d/R40143_2013Jul30.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022)
  • Viadero, R. (2019). “Principles of Gas Solubility in Water: Henry’s Law”, Encyclopedia of Water: Science, Technology and Society, (Ed: P. A. Maurice), John Wiley and Sons.

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 21 - 36, 18.07.2023

Ahmet Tayyar

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128
Cited By: 1

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mavi Ekonomi Okyanus Asitlenmesi Endüstri-içi Ticaret Grubel-Lloyd Endeksi Çevre Kirliliği.

Kaynakça

  • Atar, H.H. ve Kızılgök, A.B. (2018). “Küresel Isınmanın Balıkçılığa Etkileri”, Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi, 53(3), 1102-1125.
  • Balassa, B. (1986). “The Determinants of Intra-Industry Specialization in United States Trade.” Oxford Economic Papers, 38(2), 220-233.
  • Başkol, M. O. (2009). “Türkiye’nin Endüstri-içi Ticaretinin Analizi”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 1-24.
  • Bozkurt, H. (2013). Zaman Serileri Analizi, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Bölük, G. ve Mert, M. (2015). “The Renewable Energy, Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Turkey: An ARDL Approach”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 587-595.
  • Branch, T. A., DeJoseph, B.M., Ray, L.J. ve Wagner, C. A. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Seafood”, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(3), 178-186.
  • Brander, K. ve Havenhand, J. (2016). “Impacts of Climate Change, including Acidification, on Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries”. Climate Impacts on the Baltic Sea: From Science to Policy, (Ed: M. Reckermann, K. Brander, B.R. MacKenzie ve O. Omsted), Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Brülhart, M. (1995). “Scale Economies, Intra-industry Trade and Industry Location in the New Trade Theory”, Trinity Economic Papers, No. 95/4.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2003). “Anthropogenic Carbon and Ocean pH”, Nature, 425(6956), 365.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2005). “Ocean Model Predictions of Chemistry Changes from Carbon Dioxide Emissions to the Atmosphere and Ocean”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110C, 1-12.
  • Cattano, C., Claudet, J., Domenici, P. ve Milazzo, M. (2018). “Living in a High World: A Global Meta-Analysis Shows Multiple Trait-Mediated Fish Responses to Ocean Acidification”, Ecological Monographs, 88(3), 320-335.
  • Cooley, S.R. ve Doney, S.C. (2009). “Anticipating Ocean Acidification’s Economic Consequences for Commercial Fisheries”, Environmental Research Letters, 4, 024007, 1-8.
  • Cornwall, C.E. ve Hurd, C.L. (2016). “Experimental Design in Ocean Acidification Research: Problems and Solutions”, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73, 572-581.
  • Çoban, M. N. ve Ölmez, Ü. (2017). “Mavi Ekonomi ve Mavi Büyüme”, Turkish Studies, 12(3), 155-166.
  • Daw, T., Adger, W.N., Brown, K, ve Badjeck, M.C. (2009). “Climate Change and Capture Fisheries: Potential Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation”, Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture: Overview of Current Scientific Knowledge, (Ed.: K. Cochrane, C. De Young, D. Soto ve T. Bahri), FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No: 530, Rome,
  • Doney, S.C., Fabry, V.J., Feely, R.A. ve Kleypas, J.A. (2009). “Ocean Acidification: The Other Problem”, Annual Review of Marine Science, 1(1), 169-192.
  • Ekstrom, J.A., Suatoni, L., Cooley, S.R., Pendleton, L.H., Waldbusser, G.G. et al. (2015). “Vulnerability and Adaptation of US Shellfisheries to Ocean Acidification”, Nature Climate Change, 1-8.
  • Falkenberg, L.J., Bellerby, R.G.J., Connell, S.D., Fleming, L.E., Maycock, B., Russell, B.D., Sullivan, F.J. ve Dupont, S. (2020). “Ocean Acidification and Human Health”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4563, 1-18.
  • FAO, (2018). “Dünyada Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinin Durumu”, http://www.fao.org/3/CA0191TR/ca0191tr.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Feely, R.A., Sabine, C.L., Lee, K., Berelson, W., Kleypas, J., Fabry, J.V. ve Millero, F.J. (2004). “Impact of Anthropogenic on the System in the Oceans”, Science, 305, 362-366.
  • Gattuso, J.P., Brewer, P.G., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kleypas, J.A., Pörtner, H.O. ve Schmidt, D.N. (2014). “Cross-Chapter Box on Ocean Acidification”, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, (Ed.: C.B. Field et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1983). “On The Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, The Economic Journal, 93(372), 900-908.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1987). “Intra-Industry Trade: Current Perspectives and Unresolved Issues”, Weltwirtschafliches Archiv, 123(1), 39-57.
  • Grubel, H. ve Lloyd, P.J. (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, Economic Record, 47(4), 494-517.
  • Hilmi, N., Allemand, D., Cinar, M., Cooley, S., Hall-Spencer, J.M. et al. (2014). “Exposure of Mediterranean Countries to Ocean Acidification”, Water, 6, 1719-1744.
  • IPCC. (2007). “Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report”, Contribution of Working Groups I-II-III and Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: R.K. Pachauri ve A. Reisinger), Switzerland.
  • IPCC. (2013). “Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis”, Contribution of Working Groups I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: T.F. Stocker et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom ve New York.
  • Isensee, K. ve Valdes, L. (2015). “Ocean Acidification”, GSDR 2015 Brief, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5844Ocean%20acidification.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Kroeker, K.J., Kordas, R.L., Crim, R., Hendriks, I.E., Ramajo, L. et al. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms: Quantifying Sensitivities and Internactions with Warming”, Global Change Biology, 19, 1884-1896.
  • Krugman, P. (1980). “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade”, The American Economic Review, 70(5), 950-959.
  • Labarthe, T.L., Nunes, P., Ziveri, P., Cinar, M., Gazeau, F. et al. (2016). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification in a Warming Mediterranean Sea: An Overview”, Regional Studies in Marine Science, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253944/document, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M. (2003). “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082-1089.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). “Domestic Production and Foreign Trade: The American Capital Position Reconsidered”, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 97, 332-349.
  • Licker, R., Ekwurzel, B., Doney, S.C., Cooley, S.R., Lima, I.D., Heede, R. ve Frumhoff, P.C. (2019). “Attributing Ocean Acidification to Major Carbon Producers”, Environmental Research Letters, 14, 124060, 1-14.
  • Loertscher, R. ve Wolter, F. (1980). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: Among Countries and Across Industries”, Review of World Economics, 116(2), 280-293.
  • Mangi, S.C., Lee, J., Pinnegar, J.K., Law, R.J., Tyllianakis, E. ve Birchenough, S. N.R. (2018). “The Economic Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Shellfish Fisheries and Aquaculture in the United Kingdom”, Environmental Science and Policy, 86, 95-105.
  • Mert, M., ve Çağlar, A. E. (2019). Eviews ve Gauss Uygulamalı Zaman Serileri Analizi, 1. Baskı, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). “The Saving and Invesment Nexus for China: Evidence From Cointegraion Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income to High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US. Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), 332-342.
  • O’Rourke, K. H. (2003). “Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Individual Attitudes Towards Globalization”, National Bureau of Economic Research, WP: 9872, http://www.nber.org/papers/w9872, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Orr, J.C., Fabry, V.J., Aumont, O., Bopp, L., Doney, S.C. et al. (2005). “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms”, Nature, 437, 681-686.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Yongcheol, S. Ve Smith, R.J. (2001). “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P.C. ve Perron, P. (1988). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Pörtner, H.O., Langenbuch, M. ve Reipschlager, A. (2004). “Biological Impact of Elevated Ocean Concentrations: Lessons From Animal Physiology and Earth History”, Journal of Oceanography, 60, 705-718.
  • Royal Society, (2005). “Ocean Acidification due to Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide”, Policy Document- London, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2005/9634.pdf, (Erişim: 10.08.2022).
  • Ruffin, R. J. (1999). “The Nature and Significance of Intra-Indusrty Trade”, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic and Financial Review Fourth Quarter, https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/efr/1999/efr9904a.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Sezer, N. (2019). Okyanus Asitlenmesinin Deniz Omurgasızlarında Radyonüklid Biyobirikimine Etkileri. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Tayyar, A. E. (2022). “Is Global Climate Change Affecting Intra-Industry Trade? Econometric Evidence for the Fisheries Sector in Turkey”, Panoeconomicus, https://panoeconomicus.org/index.php/jorunal/article/view/1257, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • TÜİK, (2021). “Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr, (Erişim: 10.10.2022). Upton, H. F. ve Folger, P. (2013). “Ocean Acidification”, Congressional Research Service, https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227633/m1/1/high_res_d/R40143_2013Jul30.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022)
  • Viadero, R. (2019). “Principles of Gas Solubility in Water: Henry’s Law”, Encyclopedia of Water: Science, Technology and Society, (Ed: P. A. Maurice), John Wiley and Sons.

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 21 - 36, 18.07.2023

Ahmet Tayyar

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128
Cited By: 1

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mavi Ekonomi Okyanus Asitlenmesi Endüstri-içi Ticaret Grubel-Lloyd Endeksi Çevre Kirliliği.

Kaynakça

  • Atar, H.H. ve Kızılgök, A.B. (2018). “Küresel Isınmanın Balıkçılığa Etkileri”, Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi, 53(3), 1102-1125.
  • Balassa, B. (1986). “The Determinants of Intra-Industry Specialization in United States Trade.” Oxford Economic Papers, 38(2), 220-233.
  • Başkol, M. O. (2009). “Türkiye’nin Endüstri-içi Ticaretinin Analizi”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 1-24.
  • Bozkurt, H. (2013). Zaman Serileri Analizi, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa.
  • Bölük, G. ve Mert, M. (2015). “The Renewable Energy, Growth and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Turkey: An ARDL Approach”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 52, 587-595.
  • Branch, T. A., DeJoseph, B.M., Ray, L.J. ve Wagner, C. A. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Seafood”, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(3), 178-186.
  • Brander, K. ve Havenhand, J. (2016). “Impacts of Climate Change, including Acidification, on Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries”. Climate Impacts on the Baltic Sea: From Science to Policy, (Ed: M. Reckermann, K. Brander, B.R. MacKenzie ve O. Omsted), Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Brülhart, M. (1995). “Scale Economies, Intra-industry Trade and Industry Location in the New Trade Theory”, Trinity Economic Papers, No. 95/4.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2003). “Anthropogenic Carbon and Ocean pH”, Nature, 425(6956), 365.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2005). “Ocean Model Predictions of Chemistry Changes from Carbon Dioxide Emissions to the Atmosphere and Ocean”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110C, 1-12.
  • Cattano, C., Claudet, J., Domenici, P. ve Milazzo, M. (2018). “Living in a High World: A Global Meta-Analysis Shows Multiple Trait-Mediated Fish Responses to Ocean Acidification”, Ecological Monographs, 88(3), 320-335.
  • Cooley, S.R. ve Doney, S.C. (2009). “Anticipating Ocean Acidification’s Economic Consequences for Commercial Fisheries”, Environmental Research Letters, 4, 024007, 1-8.
  • Cornwall, C.E. ve Hurd, C.L. (2016). “Experimental Design in Ocean Acidification Research: Problems and Solutions”, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73, 572-581.
  • Çoban, M. N. ve Ölmez, Ü. (2017). “Mavi Ekonomi ve Mavi Büyüme”, Turkish Studies, 12(3), 155-166.
  • Daw, T., Adger, W.N., Brown, K, ve Badjeck, M.C. (2009). “Climate Change and Capture Fisheries: Potential Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation”, Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture: Overview of Current Scientific Knowledge, (Ed.: K. Cochrane, C. De Young, D. Soto ve T. Bahri), FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No: 530, Rome,
  • Doney, S.C., Fabry, V.J., Feely, R.A. ve Kleypas, J.A. (2009). “Ocean Acidification: The Other Problem”, Annual Review of Marine Science, 1(1), 169-192.
  • Ekstrom, J.A., Suatoni, L., Cooley, S.R., Pendleton, L.H., Waldbusser, G.G. et al. (2015). “Vulnerability and Adaptation of US Shellfisheries to Ocean Acidification”, Nature Climate Change, 1-8.
  • Falkenberg, L.J., Bellerby, R.G.J., Connell, S.D., Fleming, L.E., Maycock, B., Russell, B.D., Sullivan, F.J. ve Dupont, S. (2020). “Ocean Acidification and Human Health”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4563, 1-18.
  • FAO, (2018). “Dünyada Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinin Durumu”, http://www.fao.org/3/CA0191TR/ca0191tr.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Feely, R.A., Sabine, C.L., Lee, K., Berelson, W., Kleypas, J., Fabry, J.V. ve Millero, F.J. (2004). “Impact of Anthropogenic on the System in the Oceans”, Science, 305, 362-366.
  • Gattuso, J.P., Brewer, P.G., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kleypas, J.A., Pörtner, H.O. ve Schmidt, D.N. (2014). “Cross-Chapter Box on Ocean Acidification”, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, (Ed.: C.B. Field et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1983). “On The Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, The Economic Journal, 93(372), 900-908.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1987). “Intra-Industry Trade: Current Perspectives and Unresolved Issues”, Weltwirtschafliches Archiv, 123(1), 39-57.
  • Grubel, H. ve Lloyd, P.J. (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, Economic Record, 47(4), 494-517.
  • Hilmi, N., Allemand, D., Cinar, M., Cooley, S., Hall-Spencer, J.M. et al. (2014). “Exposure of Mediterranean Countries to Ocean Acidification”, Water, 6, 1719-1744.
  • IPCC. (2007). “Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report”, Contribution of Working Groups I-II-III and Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: R.K. Pachauri ve A. Reisinger), Switzerland.
  • IPCC. (2013). “Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis”, Contribution of Working Groups I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: T.F. Stocker et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom ve New York.
  • Isensee, K. ve Valdes, L. (2015). “Ocean Acidification”, GSDR 2015 Brief, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5844Ocean%20acidification.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Kroeker, K.J., Kordas, R.L., Crim, R., Hendriks, I.E., Ramajo, L. et al. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms: Quantifying Sensitivities and Internactions with Warming”, Global Change Biology, 19, 1884-1896.
  • Krugman, P. (1980). “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade”, The American Economic Review, 70(5), 950-959.
  • Labarthe, T.L., Nunes, P., Ziveri, P., Cinar, M., Gazeau, F. et al. (2016). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification in a Warming Mediterranean Sea: An Overview”, Regional Studies in Marine Science, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253944/document, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M. (2003). “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082-1089.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). “Domestic Production and Foreign Trade: The American Capital Position Reconsidered”, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 97, 332-349.
  • Licker, R., Ekwurzel, B., Doney, S.C., Cooley, S.R., Lima, I.D., Heede, R. ve Frumhoff, P.C. (2019). “Attributing Ocean Acidification to Major Carbon Producers”, Environmental Research Letters, 14, 124060, 1-14.
  • Loertscher, R. ve Wolter, F. (1980). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: Among Countries and Across Industries”, Review of World Economics, 116(2), 280-293.
  • Mangi, S.C., Lee, J., Pinnegar, J.K., Law, R.J., Tyllianakis, E. ve Birchenough, S. N.R. (2018). “The Economic Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Shellfish Fisheries and Aquaculture in the United Kingdom”, Environmental Science and Policy, 86, 95-105.
  • Mert, M., ve Çağlar, A. E. (2019). Eviews ve Gauss Uygulamalı Zaman Serileri Analizi, 1. Baskı, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). “The Saving and Invesment Nexus for China: Evidence From Cointegraion Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income to High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US. Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), 332-342.
  • O’Rourke, K. H. (2003). “Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Individual Attitudes Towards Globalization”, National Bureau of Economic Research, WP: 9872, http://www.nber.org/papers/w9872, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Orr, J.C., Fabry, V.J., Aumont, O., Bopp, L., Doney, S.C. et al. (2005). “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms”, Nature, 437, 681-686.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Yongcheol, S. Ve Smith, R.J. (2001). “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P.C. ve Perron, P. (1988). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Pörtner, H.O., Langenbuch, M. ve Reipschlager, A. (2004). “Biological Impact of Elevated Ocean Concentrations: Lessons From Animal Physiology and Earth History”, Journal of Oceanography, 60, 705-718.
  • Royal Society, (2005). “Ocean Acidification due to Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide”, Policy Document- London, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2005/9634.pdf, (Erişim: 10.08.2022).
  • Ruffin, R. J. (1999). “The Nature and Significance of Intra-Indusrty Trade”, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic and Financial Review Fourth Quarter, https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/efr/1999/efr9904a.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Sezer, N. (2019). Okyanus Asitlenmesinin Deniz Omurgasızlarında Radyonüklid Biyobirikimine Etkileri. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Tayyar, A. E. (2022). “Is Global Climate Change Affecting Intra-Industry Trade? Econometric Evidence for the Fisheries Sector in Turkey”, Panoeconomicus, https://panoeconomicus.org/index.php/jorunal/article/view/1257, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • TÜİK, (2021). “Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr, (Erişim: 10.10.2022). Upton, H. F. ve Folger, P. (2013). “Ocean Acidification”, Congressional Research Service, https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227633/m1/1/high_res_d/R40143_2013Jul30.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022)
  • Viadero, R. (2019). “Principles of Gas Solubility in Water: Henry’s Law”, Encyclopedia of Water: Science, Technology and Society, (Ed: P. A. Maurice), John Wiley and Sons.

THE EVIL TWIN OF GLOBAL WARMING – BLUE ECONOMY AND INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE: ARDL ANALYSIS FOR TURKIYE

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 57, 21 - 36, 18.07.2023

Ahmet Tayyar

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128
Cited By: 1

Öz

Okyanus-deniz asitlenmesi, ülkelere ait mavi ekonomileri tehdit eden önemli bir konudur. Karbondioksit yoğunluğundaki artışlar denizleri giderek asitli hale getirmektedir. Asitlenmedeki artış karbonat doygunluğunun azalmasına ve deniz canlılarının biyolojik açıdan olumsuz etkilenmelerine neden olmaktadır. Asitlenmeye bağlı olarak tüm ekosistemin etkilenmesinin hem toplumsal hem de ekonomik sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye’nin mavi ekonomi (balıkçılık sektörü için) endüstri-içi ticaret yapısının asitlenmeden etkilenip etkilenmediğini incelemektir. Bu nedenle çalışmada 1990-2019 dönemine ilişkin karbondioksit eşdeğerli toplam sera gazı, reel gayrisafi yurtiçi hâsıla ve Grubel-Lloyd endeks değerleri değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arası eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin belirlenimi ile kısa-uzun dönemli katsayıların elde edilmesinde ARDL-ECM yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; i) Değişkenler arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. ii) Uzun dönemde karbondioksit eşdeğerli toplam sera gazındaki artışlar endüstri-içi ticareti arttırmaktadır. iii) Kısa ve uzun dönemde reel gayrisafi yurtiçi hasıladaki artışlar endüstri-içi ticareti arttırmaktadır. Sonuç olarak okyanus-deniz asitlenmesi mavi ekonomilere ait olan endüstri-içi ticareti değiştirebilme gücüne sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mavi Ekonomi Okyanus Asitlenmesi Endüstri-içi Ticaret Grubel-Lloyd Endeksi Çevre Kirliliği.

Kaynakça

  • Atar, H.H. ve Kızılgök, A.B. (2018). “Küresel Isınmanın Balıkçılığa Etkileri”, Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi, 53(3), 1102-1125.
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  • Başkol, M. O. (2009). “Türkiye’nin Endüstri-içi Ticaretinin Analizi”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 1-24.
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  • Branch, T. A., DeJoseph, B.M., Ray, L.J. ve Wagner, C. A. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Seafood”, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 28(3), 178-186.
  • Brander, K. ve Havenhand, J. (2016). “Impacts of Climate Change, including Acidification, on Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries”. Climate Impacts on the Baltic Sea: From Science to Policy, (Ed: M. Reckermann, K. Brander, B.R. MacKenzie ve O. Omsted), Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
  • Brülhart, M. (1995). “Scale Economies, Intra-industry Trade and Industry Location in the New Trade Theory”, Trinity Economic Papers, No. 95/4.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2003). “Anthropogenic Carbon and Ocean pH”, Nature, 425(6956), 365.
  • Caldeira, K. ve Wickett, M. (2005). “Ocean Model Predictions of Chemistry Changes from Carbon Dioxide Emissions to the Atmosphere and Ocean”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110C, 1-12.
  • Cattano, C., Claudet, J., Domenici, P. ve Milazzo, M. (2018). “Living in a High World: A Global Meta-Analysis Shows Multiple Trait-Mediated Fish Responses to Ocean Acidification”, Ecological Monographs, 88(3), 320-335.
  • Cooley, S.R. ve Doney, S.C. (2009). “Anticipating Ocean Acidification’s Economic Consequences for Commercial Fisheries”, Environmental Research Letters, 4, 024007, 1-8.
  • Cornwall, C.E. ve Hurd, C.L. (2016). “Experimental Design in Ocean Acidification Research: Problems and Solutions”, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73, 572-581.
  • Çoban, M. N. ve Ölmez, Ü. (2017). “Mavi Ekonomi ve Mavi Büyüme”, Turkish Studies, 12(3), 155-166.
  • Daw, T., Adger, W.N., Brown, K, ve Badjeck, M.C. (2009). “Climate Change and Capture Fisheries: Potential Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation”, Climate Change Implications for Fisheries and Aquaculture: Overview of Current Scientific Knowledge, (Ed.: K. Cochrane, C. De Young, D. Soto ve T. Bahri), FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, No: 530, Rome,
  • Doney, S.C., Fabry, V.J., Feely, R.A. ve Kleypas, J.A. (2009). “Ocean Acidification: The Other Problem”, Annual Review of Marine Science, 1(1), 169-192.
  • Ekstrom, J.A., Suatoni, L., Cooley, S.R., Pendleton, L.H., Waldbusser, G.G. et al. (2015). “Vulnerability and Adaptation of US Shellfisheries to Ocean Acidification”, Nature Climate Change, 1-8.
  • Falkenberg, L.J., Bellerby, R.G.J., Connell, S.D., Fleming, L.E., Maycock, B., Russell, B.D., Sullivan, F.J. ve Dupont, S. (2020). “Ocean Acidification and Human Health”, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4563, 1-18.
  • FAO, (2018). “Dünyada Balıkçılık ve Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliğinin Durumu”, http://www.fao.org/3/CA0191TR/ca0191tr.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Feely, R.A., Sabine, C.L., Lee, K., Berelson, W., Kleypas, J., Fabry, J.V. ve Millero, F.J. (2004). “Impact of Anthropogenic on the System in the Oceans”, Science, 305, 362-366.
  • Gattuso, J.P., Brewer, P.G., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kleypas, J.A., Pörtner, H.O. ve Schmidt, D.N. (2014). “Cross-Chapter Box on Ocean Acidification”, Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, (Ed.: C.B. Field et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom and New York.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1983). “On The Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, The Economic Journal, 93(372), 900-908.
  • Greenaway, D. ve Milner, C. (1987). “Intra-Industry Trade: Current Perspectives and Unresolved Issues”, Weltwirtschafliches Archiv, 123(1), 39-57.
  • Grubel, H. ve Lloyd, P.J. (1971). “The Empirical Measurement of Intra-Industry Trade”, Economic Record, 47(4), 494-517.
  • Hilmi, N., Allemand, D., Cinar, M., Cooley, S., Hall-Spencer, J.M. et al. (2014). “Exposure of Mediterranean Countries to Ocean Acidification”, Water, 6, 1719-1744.
  • IPCC. (2007). “Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report”, Contribution of Working Groups I-II-III and Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: R.K. Pachauri ve A. Reisinger), Switzerland.
  • IPCC. (2013). “Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis”, Contribution of Working Groups I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC, (Ed: T.F. Stocker et al.), Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom ve New York.
  • Isensee, K. ve Valdes, L. (2015). “Ocean Acidification”, GSDR 2015 Brief, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5844Ocean%20acidification.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Kroeker, K.J., Kordas, R.L., Crim, R., Hendriks, I.E., Ramajo, L. et al. (2013). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms: Quantifying Sensitivities and Internactions with Warming”, Global Change Biology, 19, 1884-1896.
  • Krugman, P. (1980). “Scale Economies, Product Differentiation, and the Pattern of Trade”, The American Economic Review, 70(5), 950-959.
  • Labarthe, T.L., Nunes, P., Ziveri, P., Cinar, M., Gazeau, F. et al. (2016). “Impacts of Ocean Acidification in a Warming Mediterranean Sea: An Overview”, Regional Studies in Marine Science, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01253944/document, (Erişim: 20.07.2022).
  • Lee, J. ve Strazicich, M. (2003). “Minimum Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 1082-1089.
  • Leontief, W. (1953). “Domestic Production and Foreign Trade: The American Capital Position Reconsidered”, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 97, 332-349.
  • Licker, R., Ekwurzel, B., Doney, S.C., Cooley, S.R., Lima, I.D., Heede, R. ve Frumhoff, P.C. (2019). “Attributing Ocean Acidification to Major Carbon Producers”, Environmental Research Letters, 14, 124060, 1-14.
  • Loertscher, R. ve Wolter, F. (1980). “Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade: Among Countries and Across Industries”, Review of World Economics, 116(2), 280-293.
  • Mangi, S.C., Lee, J., Pinnegar, J.K., Law, R.J., Tyllianakis, E. ve Birchenough, S. N.R. (2018). “The Economic Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Shellfish Fisheries and Aquaculture in the United Kingdom”, Environmental Science and Policy, 86, 95-105.
  • Mert, M., ve Çağlar, A. E. (2019). Eviews ve Gauss Uygulamalı Zaman Serileri Analizi, 1. Baskı, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • Narayan, P.K. (2005). “The Saving and Invesment Nexus for China: Evidence From Cointegraion Tests”, Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979-1990.
  • Narayan, P.K. ve Smyth, R. (2006). “What Determines Migration Flows From Low-Income to High-Income Countries? An Empirical Investigation of Fiji-US. Migration 1972-2001”, Contemporary Economic Policy, 24(2), 332-342.
  • O’Rourke, K. H. (2003). “Heckscher-Ohlin Theory and Individual Attitudes Towards Globalization”, National Bureau of Economic Research, WP: 9872, http://www.nber.org/papers/w9872, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Orr, J.C., Fabry, V.J., Aumont, O., Bopp, L., Doney, S.C. et al. (2005). “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms”, Nature, 437, 681-686.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Yongcheol, S. Ve Smith, R.J. (2001). “Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Phillips, P.C. ve Perron, P. (1988). “Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression”, Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Pörtner, H.O., Langenbuch, M. ve Reipschlager, A. (2004). “Biological Impact of Elevated Ocean Concentrations: Lessons From Animal Physiology and Earth History”, Journal of Oceanography, 60, 705-718.
  • Royal Society, (2005). “Ocean Acidification due to Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide”, Policy Document- London, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2005/9634.pdf, (Erişim: 10.08.2022).
  • Ruffin, R. J. (1999). “The Nature and Significance of Intra-Indusrty Trade”, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic and Financial Review Fourth Quarter, https://www.dallasfed.org/~/media/documents/research/efr/1999/efr9904a.pdf, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • Sezer, N. (2019). Okyanus Asitlenmesinin Deniz Omurgasızlarında Radyonüklid Biyobirikimine Etkileri. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), İstanbul Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Tayyar, A. E. (2022). “Is Global Climate Change Affecting Intra-Industry Trade? Econometric Evidence for the Fisheries Sector in Turkey”, Panoeconomicus, https://panoeconomicus.org/index.php/jorunal/article/view/1257, (Erişim: 20.08.2022).
  • TÜİK, (2021). “Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri”, https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=97&locale=tr, (Erişim: 10.10.2022). Upton, H. F. ve Folger, P. (2013). “Ocean Acidification”, Congressional Research Service, https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227633/m1/1/high_res_d/R40143_2013Jul30.pdf, (Erişim: 20.07.2022)
  • Viadero, R. (2019). “Principles of Gas Solubility in Water: Henry’s Law”, Encyclopedia of Water: Science, Technology and Society, (Ed: P. A. Maurice), John Wiley and Sons.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ahmet Tayyar 0000-0003-2823-1700

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 5 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2023
Kabul Tarihi 9 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 57

Kaynak Göster

APA Tayyar, A. (2023). KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(57), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128
AMA Tayyar A. KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ. PAUSBED. Temmuz 2023;(57):21-36. doi:10.30794/pausbed.1228128
Chicago Tayyar, Ahmet. “KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 57 (Temmuz 2023): 21-36. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128.
EndNote Tayyar A (01 Temmuz 2023) KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 57 21–36.
IEEE A. Tayyar, “KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ”, PAUSBED, sy. 57, ss. 21–36, Temmuz 2023, doi: 10.30794/pausbed.1228128.
ISNAD Tayyar, Ahmet. “KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 57 (Temmuz 2023), 21-36. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1228128.
JAMA Tayyar A. KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ. PAUSBED. 2023;:21–36.
MLA Tayyar, Ahmet. “KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 57, 2023, ss. 21-36, doi:10.30794/pausbed.1228128.
Vancouver Tayyar A. KÜRESEL ISINMANIN KÖTÜ İKİZİ – MAVİ EKONOMİ VE ENDÜSTRİ-İÇİ TİCARET: TÜRKİYE İÇİN ARDL ANALİZİ. PAUSBED. 2023(57):21-36.

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