Ağır Adet Kanaması Olan Ergenlerin Kanama Diyatezi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 160 - 169, 01.08.2018
Melike Sezgin Evim
,
Birol Baytan
,
Adalet Meral Güneş
Öz
Ağır adet kanaması; 7 günü geçen ya da bir siklusta 80 ml’den fazla kanama olarak tanımlanır. Demir eksikliği anemisinin yanı sıra; sosyal ve fiziksel aktivitelere katılmada isteksizlik, okula devamsızlıklara neden olarak yaşam kalitesini azaltır. En sık neden henüz tam olgunlaşmamış hipotalamik-hipofizer aksa bağlı anovulatuar sikluslar olmakla birlikte, ikinci sık neden altta yatan bir kanama hastalığıdır.
Kaynakça
- 1. Henriet P, Gaide Chevronnay HP, Marbaix E. The endocrine and paracrine control of menstruation. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012;358:197-207.
- 2. Zia A, Rajpurkar M. Challenges of diagnosing and managing the adolescent with heavy menstrual bleeding. Thromb Res. 2016 ;143:91-100.
- 3. Diaz A, Laufer MR, Breech LL. Menstutarion in girls and adolescents:using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Pediatric 2006;118:2245-50.
- 4. Haamid F, Sass AE, Dietrich JE. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017 Jan 17. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.002. [Epub ahead of print]
- 5. American College of Obstetricans and Gynecologists Mensturation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Washington DC,ACOG,2000.
- 6. Warner, P.E., Critchley, H.O., Lumsden, M.A. et al, Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:1216.
- 7. Houston AM, Abraham A, Huang Z, D'Angelo LJ. Knowledge, attitudes, and consequences of menstrual health in urban adolescent females. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2006;19:271-5.
- 8. Friberg B, Ornö AK, Lindgren A, Lethagen S. Bleeding disorders among young women: a population-based prevalence study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85:200-6.
- 9. Benjamins LJ. Practice guideline: evaluation and management of abnormal vaginal bleeding in adolescents. J Pediatr Health Care. 2009;23:189-93.
- 10. Higham JM, O'Brien PM, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97:734-9.
- 11. Ahuja SP, Hertweck SP. Overview of bleeding disorders in adolescent females with menorrhagia. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:15-21.
- 12. Gursel T, Biri A, Kaya Z, Sivaslıoglu S, Albayrak M. The frequency of menorrhagia and bleeding disorders in university students. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2014;31:467-74.
- 13. James AH. Bleeding disorders in adolescents. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2009;36:153-62.
- 14. Kirtava A, Drews C, Lally C, Dilley A, Evatt B. Medical, reproductive and psychosocial experiences of women diagnosed with von Willebrand's disease receiving care in haemophilia treatment centres: a case-control study. Haemophilia. 2003;9:292-7.
- 15. Vo KT, Grooms L, Klima J, Holland-Hall C, O'Brien SH. Menstrual bleeding patterns and prevalence of bleeding disorders in a multidisciplinary adolescent haematology clinic. Haemophilia. 2013;19:71-5.
- 16. Seravalli V, Linari S, Peruzzi E, Dei M, Paladino E, Bruni V. Prevalence of hemostatic disorders in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26:285-9.
- 17. Dowlut-McElroy T, Williams KB, Carpenter SL, Strickland JL. Menstrual Patterns and Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents with Bleeding Disorders.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:499-501.
- 18. Yawn B, Nichols WL, Rick ME. Diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease: guidelines for primary care. Am Fam Physician. 2009;80:1261-8.
- 19. Laffan MA, Lester W, O'Donnell JS, Will A, Tait RC, Goodeve A, Millar CM, Keeling DM. The diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease: a United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors Organization guideline approved by the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Br J Haematol. 2014;167:453-65.
- 20. Ng C, Motto DG, Di Paola J. Diagnostic approach to von Willebrand disease. Blood. 2015;125:2029-37.
- 21. Cakı Kılıç S, Sarper N, Zengin E, Aylan Gelen S. Screening bleeding disorders in adolescents and young women with menorrhagia. Turk J Haematol. 2013;30:168-76.
- 22. Knol HM, Mulder AB, Bogchelman DH, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van der Zee AG, Meijer K. The prevalence of underlying bleeding disorders in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding with and without gynecologic abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209:202.e1-7.
- 23. Dowlut-McElroy T, Williams KB, Carpenter SL, Strickland JL. Menstrual Patterns and Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents with Bleeding Disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:499-501.
- 24. Rajpurkar M, O'Brien SH, Haamid FW, Cooper DL, Gunawardena S, Chitlur M. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding as a Common Presenting Symptom of Rare Platelet Disorders: Illustrative Case Examples. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;29:537-541.
- 25. Winikoff R, Lee C. Hemophilia carrier status and counseling the symptomatic and asymptomatic adolescent. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:43-7.
- 26. Díaz R, Dietrich JE, Mahoney D Jr, Yee DL, Srivaths LV. Hemostatic abnormalities in young females with heavy menstrual bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27:324-9.
- 27. Philipp CS. Antifibrinolytics in women with menorrhagia. Thromb Res. 2011;127:113-5.
- 28. Malfait F, De Paepe A. Bleeding in the heritable connective tissue disorders: mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment. Blood Rev. 2009;23:191-7.
- 29. Nichols WL, Hultin MB, James AH, Manco-Johnson MJ, Montgomery RR, Ortel TL, Rick ME, Sadler JE, Weinstein M, Yawn BP. von Willebrand disease (VWD): evidence-based diagnosis and management guidelines, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Expert Panel report (USA). Haemophilia. 2008;14:171-232.
- 30. Bradley, L.D., Gueye, N.A. The medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-aged women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:31-44.
- 31. Ott MA, Sucato GS; Committee on Adolescence.Contraception for adolescents. Pediatrics. 2014;134:1257-81.
- 32. Chi C, Pollard D, Tuddenham EG, Kadir RA.Menorrhagia in adolescents with inherited bleeding disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:215-22.
- 33. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Adolescent Health Care; American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Gynecologic Practice. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 451: Von Willebrand disease in women. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114:1439-43.
- 34. Srivaths LV, Dietrich JE, Yee DL, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Mahoney D Jr. Oral Tranexamic Acid versus Combined Oral Contraceptives for Adolescent Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: A Pilot Study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:254-7.
- 35. Palla R, Peyvandi F, Shapiro AD. Rare bleeding disorders: diagnosis and treatment. Blood. 2015;125: 2052-61.
- 36. Castaman G, Goodeve A, Eikenboom J; European Group on von Willebrand Disease.. Principles of care for the diagnosis and treatment of von Willebrand disease. Haematologica. 2013;98:667-74.
- 37. Evim MS, Baytan B, Güneş AM. Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenia: Long-term Follow-up Data Evaluated by the Criteria of the International Working Group on Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Turk J Haematol. 2014;31:32-9.
- 38. Bowkley CW, Dubel GJ, Haas RA, Soares GM, Ahn SH. Uterine artery embolization for control of life-threatening hemorrhage at menarche: brief report. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007;18:127-31.
- 39. Cooke AG, McCavit TL, Buchanan GR, Powers JM. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescents Who Present with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30:247-50.
The Evaluation of Bleeding Diathesis in Adolescents with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 160 - 169, 01.08.2018
Melike Sezgin Evim
,
Birol Baytan
,
Adalet Meral Güneş
Kaynakça
- 1. Henriet P, Gaide Chevronnay HP, Marbaix E. The endocrine and paracrine control of menstruation. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012;358:197-207.
- 2. Zia A, Rajpurkar M. Challenges of diagnosing and managing the adolescent with heavy menstrual bleeding. Thromb Res. 2016 ;143:91-100.
- 3. Diaz A, Laufer MR, Breech LL. Menstutarion in girls and adolescents:using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Pediatric 2006;118:2245-50.
- 4. Haamid F, Sass AE, Dietrich JE. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017 Jan 17. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.002. [Epub ahead of print]
- 5. American College of Obstetricans and Gynecologists Mensturation in girls and adolescents: using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Washington DC,ACOG,2000.
- 6. Warner, P.E., Critchley, H.O., Lumsden, M.A. et al, Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:1216.
- 7. Houston AM, Abraham A, Huang Z, D'Angelo LJ. Knowledge, attitudes, and consequences of menstrual health in urban adolescent females. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2006;19:271-5.
- 8. Friberg B, Ornö AK, Lindgren A, Lethagen S. Bleeding disorders among young women: a population-based prevalence study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85:200-6.
- 9. Benjamins LJ. Practice guideline: evaluation and management of abnormal vaginal bleeding in adolescents. J Pediatr Health Care. 2009;23:189-93.
- 10. Higham JM, O'Brien PM, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97:734-9.
- 11. Ahuja SP, Hertweck SP. Overview of bleeding disorders in adolescent females with menorrhagia. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:15-21.
- 12. Gursel T, Biri A, Kaya Z, Sivaslıoglu S, Albayrak M. The frequency of menorrhagia and bleeding disorders in university students. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2014;31:467-74.
- 13. James AH. Bleeding disorders in adolescents. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2009;36:153-62.
- 14. Kirtava A, Drews C, Lally C, Dilley A, Evatt B. Medical, reproductive and psychosocial experiences of women diagnosed with von Willebrand's disease receiving care in haemophilia treatment centres: a case-control study. Haemophilia. 2003;9:292-7.
- 15. Vo KT, Grooms L, Klima J, Holland-Hall C, O'Brien SH. Menstrual bleeding patterns and prevalence of bleeding disorders in a multidisciplinary adolescent haematology clinic. Haemophilia. 2013;19:71-5.
- 16. Seravalli V, Linari S, Peruzzi E, Dei M, Paladino E, Bruni V. Prevalence of hemostatic disorders in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2013;26:285-9.
- 17. Dowlut-McElroy T, Williams KB, Carpenter SL, Strickland JL. Menstrual Patterns and Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents with Bleeding Disorders.J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:499-501.
- 18. Yawn B, Nichols WL, Rick ME. Diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease: guidelines for primary care. Am Fam Physician. 2009;80:1261-8.
- 19. Laffan MA, Lester W, O'Donnell JS, Will A, Tait RC, Goodeve A, Millar CM, Keeling DM. The diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease: a United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors Organization guideline approved by the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Br J Haematol. 2014;167:453-65.
- 20. Ng C, Motto DG, Di Paola J. Diagnostic approach to von Willebrand disease. Blood. 2015;125:2029-37.
- 21. Cakı Kılıç S, Sarper N, Zengin E, Aylan Gelen S. Screening bleeding disorders in adolescents and young women with menorrhagia. Turk J Haematol. 2013;30:168-76.
- 22. Knol HM, Mulder AB, Bogchelman DH, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van der Zee AG, Meijer K. The prevalence of underlying bleeding disorders in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding with and without gynecologic abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209:202.e1-7.
- 23. Dowlut-McElroy T, Williams KB, Carpenter SL, Strickland JL. Menstrual Patterns and Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents with Bleeding Disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:499-501.
- 24. Rajpurkar M, O'Brien SH, Haamid FW, Cooper DL, Gunawardena S, Chitlur M. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding as a Common Presenting Symptom of Rare Platelet Disorders: Illustrative Case Examples. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;29:537-541.
- 25. Winikoff R, Lee C. Hemophilia carrier status and counseling the symptomatic and asymptomatic adolescent. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:43-7.
- 26. Díaz R, Dietrich JE, Mahoney D Jr, Yee DL, Srivaths LV. Hemostatic abnormalities in young females with heavy menstrual bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27:324-9.
- 27. Philipp CS. Antifibrinolytics in women with menorrhagia. Thromb Res. 2011;127:113-5.
- 28. Malfait F, De Paepe A. Bleeding in the heritable connective tissue disorders: mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment. Blood Rev. 2009;23:191-7.
- 29. Nichols WL, Hultin MB, James AH, Manco-Johnson MJ, Montgomery RR, Ortel TL, Rick ME, Sadler JE, Weinstein M, Yawn BP. von Willebrand disease (VWD): evidence-based diagnosis and management guidelines, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Expert Panel report (USA). Haemophilia. 2008;14:171-232.
- 30. Bradley, L.D., Gueye, N.A. The medical management of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-aged women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:31-44.
- 31. Ott MA, Sucato GS; Committee on Adolescence.Contraception for adolescents. Pediatrics. 2014;134:1257-81.
- 32. Chi C, Pollard D, Tuddenham EG, Kadir RA.Menorrhagia in adolescents with inherited bleeding disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23:215-22.
- 33. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Adolescent Health Care; American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee Gynecologic Practice. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 451: Von Willebrand disease in women. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114:1439-43.
- 34. Srivaths LV, Dietrich JE, Yee DL, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Mahoney D Jr. Oral Tranexamic Acid versus Combined Oral Contraceptives for Adolescent Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: A Pilot Study. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2015;28:254-7.
- 35. Palla R, Peyvandi F, Shapiro AD. Rare bleeding disorders: diagnosis and treatment. Blood. 2015;125: 2052-61.
- 36. Castaman G, Goodeve A, Eikenboom J; European Group on von Willebrand Disease.. Principles of care for the diagnosis and treatment of von Willebrand disease. Haematologica. 2013;98:667-74.
- 37. Evim MS, Baytan B, Güneş AM. Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenia: Long-term Follow-up Data Evaluated by the Criteria of the International Working Group on Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Turk J Haematol. 2014;31:32-9.
- 38. Bowkley CW, Dubel GJ, Haas RA, Soares GM, Ahn SH. Uterine artery embolization for control of life-threatening hemorrhage at menarche: brief report. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007;18:127-31.
- 39. Cooke AG, McCavit TL, Buchanan GR, Powers JM. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescents Who Present with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30:247-50.