Şizofreni Hastalarının Ailelerine Yönelik Telepsikiyatrik Müdahalelerin Etkinliği

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 228 - 243, 30.09.2016

Birgül Özkan , Reyhan Eskiyurt

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.238185

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu araştırma, şizofreni tanısı alan bireyin birincil bakım ve destek veren aile üyelerine yönelik yapılan telepsikiyatrik müdahalelerin etkinliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmış sistematik bir derlemedir. Ulakbim Tıp Veri Tabanı, CINAHL, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed ve Wiley Online Library veri tabanları taranarak yürütülmüştür. İngilizce anahtar kelimeler için terimler Cochrane Schizophrenia Group ve Central Register of Controlled Trials dizini kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirme ölçütlerini karşılayan toplam altı makale incelemeye alınmıştır. Değerlendirmeye alınan çalışmaların bulgularına göre web tabanlı, video konferans ve telefon ile yapılan müdahaleler ile bakım verenlerin depresyon seviyesinin azaldığı, aile yükü ve duygu dışavurum seviyesinin azaldığı, hastalık hakkında bilginin arttığı, stres algısının azaldığı ve sosyal destek algısının geliştiği bulunmuştur. Bu sistematik derleme, web tabanlı, videokonferans ve telefon ile yapılan müdahalelerin sonuçlarının yararlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Telepsikiyatri, şizofreni, psikoeğitim, aile

Effectiveness of Telepsychiatry Interventions for Families of Patients with Schizophrenia

Öz

This study aims to evaluate efficacy of tele psychiatry interventions to family members who support patients with schizophrenia. Ulakbim Medical Database, CINAHL, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed databases were searched for appropriate studies. For English keywords, terminology of Cochrane Schizophrenia Group and Central Register of Controlled Trials are used. A total of six articles which met evaluation criteria are examined. According to findings of evaluated articles, depression level of caregivers, their family burden and level of emotion expression and perception of stress decreases with interventions via web-based, videoconference and telephone whereas information relevant to disease increases, and perception of social support improves with interventions. This systematic evaluation exhibits the usefulness of interventions via web-based, videoconference and telephone to families of patients with schizophrenia .

Anahtar Kelimeler

tele psychiatry, schizophrenia, psychoeducation, family

Kaynakça

• APA (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, TextRevision (DSM-IV-TR®). Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association.
• American Telemedicine Association Learning Center (2015) What is telemedicine? http://www.americantelemed.org/about- telemedicine/what-is telemedicine.(7Aralık 2015’de ulaşıldı).
• Backhaus A, Agha Z, Maglione ML, Repp A, Ross B, Zuest D et al. (2012) Video conferencing psychotherapy: a systematic review. Psychol Serv, 9: 111-131.
• Baronet AM (1999) Factors associated with caregiver burden in mental illness: a critical review of the research literature. Clin Psychol Rev,17:819-841.
• Birchwood M, Smith J, Cochrane R (1992) Specific and non-specific effects of educational intervention for families living with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry, 160:806–814.
• Brown GW, Birley JLT, Wing JK (1972) Influence of family life on the course of schizophrenic disorders: a replication. Br J Psychiatry, 121: 241–258.
• Caqueo-Urízar A, Gutiérrez-Maldonado J, Palma-Faşndez C (2011) Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: how much they know and learn after a psychoeducational intervention? Procedia Soc Behav Sci, 30:2468-2476.
• Glynn SM, Randolph ET, Garrick T, Lui A (2010) A proof of concept trial of an online psychoeducational program for relatives of both veterans and civilians living with schizophrenia. Psychiatr Rehabil J, 33:278-287.
• Goto M (1991) Psycho-educational multiple family therapy with families of long term inpatients. J Fam Ther, 8: 11–19.
• Gunter TD, Srinivasaraghavan J, Terry N (2003) Misinformed regulation of electronic medicine is unfair to responsible telepsychiatry. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law, 31:10-14.
• Haley C, O’Callaghan E, Hill S, Mannion N, Donnelly B, Kinsella A et al. (2011) Telepsychiatry and carer education for schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry, 26:302-304.
• Hilty D, Ferrer D, Parish M (2013) The effectiveness of telemental health: a 2013 review. Telemed J E Health, 19:444-454.
• Kasckow J, Felmet K, Appelt C, Thompson R, Rotondi A, Haas G (2013) Telepsychiatry in the assessment and treatment of schizophrenia. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses, 8:21-27A.
• Kuipers E, Onwumere J, Bebbington P (2010) Cognitive model of caregiving in psychosis. Br J Psychiatry, 196:259–265.
• Leonard S (2004) The development and evaluation of a telepsychiatry service for prisoners. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 11:461– 468.
• Lewis RB, Martin GL, Over CH, Tucker H (1957) Television therapy: effectiveness of closed-circuit television as a medium for therapy in treatment of the mentally ill. AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry, 77:57–69.
• Lieberman JA, Fenton WS (2000) Delayed detection of psychosis: causes, consequences, and effect on public health. Am J Psychiatry, 157:1727–1730.
• Lobban F, Postlethwaite A, Glentworth D, Pinfold V, Wainwright L, Dunn G et al. (2013) A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of interventions reporting outcomes for relatives of people with psychosis. Clin Psychol Rev, 33:372-382.
• Mair F, Whitten P (2000) Systematic review of studies of patient satisfaction with telemedicine. BMJ, 320(7248):1517-1520.
• Mohr DC (2009) Tele mental health: reflections on how to move the field forward. Clin Psychol Sci Pract, 16:343-347.
• NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health) (2015) The numbers count: mental illness in America. http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section_Family-to-Family. (7 Aralık 2015’de ulaşıldı).
• Nicholson IR, Neufeld RW (1992) A dynamic vulnerability perspective on stress and schizophrenia. Am J Orthopsychiatry, 62:117- 130.
• Nirmala BP, Vranda MN, Reddy S (2011) Expressed emotion and caregiver burden in patients with schizophrenia. Indian J Psychol Med, 33:119-122.
• Norman S (2006) The use of telemedicine in psychiatry. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 13:771-777
• Özkan B, Erdem E, Özsoy SD, Zararsiz G (2013) Effect of psychoeducation and telepsychiatric follow up given to the caregiver of the schizophrenic patient on family burden, depression and expression of emotion. Pakistan J Med Sci, 29:1122-1127.
• Rotondi AJ, Haas GL, Anderson CM, Newhill CE, Spring MB, Ganguli R et al. (2005) A clinical trial to test the feasibility of a telehealth psychoeducational intervention for persons with schizophrenia and their families: intervention and 3-month findings. Rehabil Psychol. 50:325-336.
• Rotondi AJ, Anderson CM, Haas GL, Eack SM, Spring MB, Ganguli R et al. (2010) Web-based psychoeducational intervention for persons with schizophrenia and their supporters: one-year outcomes. Psychiatr Serv, 61:1099-1105.
• Schene AH (1990) Objective and subjective dimensions of family burden: towards an integrative frame work for research. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 25:289-297.
• Simpson J, Doze S, Urness D, Hailey D, Jacobs P (2001) Evaluation of a routine telepsychiatry service. J Telemed Telecare, 7:90–98.
• Smith GC, Pell JP (2003) Parachute use to prevent death and major trauma related to gravitational challenge: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 327(7429):1459–1461.
• Sota S, Shimodera S, Kii M, Okamura K, Suto K, Suwaki M, Inoue S (2008) Effect of a family psychoeducational program on relatives of schizophrenia patients. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 62:379-385.
• Stengard E (2003) Educational intervention for the relatives of schizophrenia patients in Finland. Nordic J Psychiatry, 57:271-277.
• WHO (World Health Organization) (2016) What is schizophrenia? http://www.who.int/mental_health/management/ schizophrenia/en/. (1 Şubat 2016’da ulaşıldı). Birgül Özkan, Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, Ankara; Reyhan Eskiyurt, Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, Ankara;