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Assessment of Positive Psychology Interventions for Elderly Individuals from Gerontological Perspective

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 133 - 139, 31.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1449444

Öz

Studies on elderly individuals tends to focus on the problems of aging and how to deal with them. On the other hand, a limited number of studies have looked at positive emotions of elderly individuals. Positive emotions play an important role in overcoming problems when integrated with prevention, treatment and coping strategies. The positive psychology approach is closely related to positive emotions and works to understand and improve the positive aspects of life. Positive psychology interventions defined as interventions designed to develop positive emotions, cognitions and behaviors and included practices such as gratitude, forgiveness, life review therapy, reminiscence and self-management. The aim of this review is to identify the general characteristics of the interventions used in studies of positive psychology interventions and how they affect elderly people. In this context, the conceptual and methodological characteristics of the studies and their effects on elderly people were discussed by analysing the studies that directly addressed positive interventions for elderly people. In line with the findings of the analysed studies, suggestions for those working in this field are presented.

Kaynakça

  • Bartholomaeus JD, Van Agteren JE, Iasiello MP, Jarden A, & Kelly D (2019) Positive aging: The impact of a community wellbeing and resilience program. Clin Gerontol, 42:377-386.
  • Bowling A (1993) The concept of successful and positive ageing. Family Practice, 10:449–53.
  • Bulut S, Subaşı M (2020) Pozitif psikolojiye giriş. İçinde Pozitif Psikoloji (Ed. S Bulut):1-16. Ankara, Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Carr A (2016) Pozitif Psikoloji. (Çeviri Ed. Ü. Şendilek). İstanbul, Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Charles ST (2010) Strength and vulnerability integration: a model of emotional well-being across adulthood. Psychological Bulletin, 136:1068.
  • Chen J, Xiao H, Chen Y, Sun H, Chen S, Zheng J (2020) Effect of reminiscence therapy based on positive psychology theory (RTBPPT) on the positive feelings of the spousal caregivers of elderly patients with advanced cancer in China. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 29:e13324.
  • Chong AML, Ng SH, Woo J, Kwan AYH (2006) Positive ageing: the views of middle-aged and older adults in Hong Kong. Aging Soc, 26:243-265.
  • Cosco TD, Prina AM, Perales J, Stephan BC, Brayne C (2014) Operational definitions of successful aging: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr, 26:373-381.
  • Durgante HB, Tomasi LMB, de Lima, MMP, Dell’Aglio DD (2020) Long-term effects and impact of a positive psychology intervention for Brazilian retirees. Current Psychology, 1-12.
  • Fredrickson BL (2000). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3:1.
  • Greenawalt K, Orsega-Smith, E, Turner JL, Goodwin S, Rathie EJ (2019) The impact of “the art of happiness” class on community dwelling older adults: a positive psychology intervention. Act Adapt Aging, 43:118-132.
  • Gümüş Demir Z, Keskin R, Güler K (2021) The effect of the positive psychology interaction group program on anger and hope in elderly individuals. Turk Geriatri Derg, 24:95-103.
  • Hart K, Sasso T (2011) Mapping the contours of contemporary positive psychology. Can Psychol, 52:82-92.
  • Hendriks T, Schotanus-Dijkstra M, Hassankhan A, De Jong J, Bohlmeijer E (2020) The efficacy of multi-component positive psychology interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Happiness Stud, 21:357-390.
  • Ho HC, Yeung DY, Kwok SY (2014) Development and evaluation of the positive psychology intervention for older adults. J Posit Psychol, 9:187-197.
  • Karaçam Z (2013) Sistematik derleme metodolojisi: Sistematik derleme hazırlamak için bir rehber. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 6:26-33.
  • Kashaniyan F, Khodabakhshi KA (2015) Effectiveness of positive psychology group interventions on meaning of life and life satisfaction among older adults. Elderly Health Journal, 1:68-74.
  • Korkmaz Yaylagül N (2023) Yaşlılıkta Güncel Sorunlar: Yaş ayrımcılığı ve sosyal dışlanma. In Yaşlı Bakım Hizmet Modelleri ve Sosyal Politika Yaklaşımları. 2. Baskı (Ed. M Pekesen):79-96. Ankara, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Layous K, Chancellor J, Lyubomirsky S (2014) Positive activities as protective factors against mental health conditions. J Abnorm Psychol, 123:3-12.
  • Lee Duckworth A, Steen TA, Seligman ME (2005) Positive psychology in clinical practice. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 1:629-651.
  • Lyubomirsky S, Layous K (2013) How do simple positive activities increase well-being?. Curr Dir Psychol Sci, 22:57-62.
  • Meichsner F, O'Connor M, Skritskaya N, Shear MK (2020) Grief before and after bereavement in the elderly: An approach to care. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 28:560-569.
  • Peterson C (2013) Pursuing the Good Life: 100 Reflections in Positive Psychology. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Proyer RT, Gander F, Wellenzohn S, Ruch W (2014) Positive psychology interventions in people aged 50–79 years: long-term effects of placebo-controlled online interventions on well-being and depression. Aging Ment Health, 18:997-1005.
  • Ramírez E, Ortega AR, Chamorro A, Colmenero JM (2014) A program of positive intervention in the elderly: Memories, gratitude and forgiveness. Aging Ment Health, 18:463-470.
  • Rowe JW, Kahn RL (1997) Successful aging. Gerontologist, 37:433-440.
  • Seligman ME (2002) Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In Handbook of Positive Psychology. 1nd ed. (Eds R Snyder, SJ Lopez): 3-9. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Seligman ME, Csikszentmihalyi M (2000) Positive psychology: An introduction, Am Psychol, 55:5-14.
  • Sutipan P, Intarakamhang U, Macaskill A (2017) The impact of positive psychological interventions on well-being in healthy elderly people. J Happiness Stud, 18:269-291.
  • Tufan İ (2022) Türkiye’de Yaşlı Eğitimi 60+ Tazelenme Üniversitesinin İlk Dört Yılı: Değerlendirme ve Öneriler. Ankara, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • TUİK (2023) Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu İstatistiklerle yaşlılar 2021. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 (Accessed 09.11.2023)
  • UNFPA (2012) Ageing in the Twenty-First Century: A Celebration and a Challenge Executive Summary. New York, United Nations Population Fund.

Yaşlı Bireylere Yönelik Pozitif Psikoloji Müdahalelerinin Gerontolojik Perspektiften Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 133 - 139, 31.03.2025
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1449444

Öz

Yaşlı bireylere yönelik çalışmalar, büyük ölçüde yaşlanmayla beraber meydana gelen sorunlara ve bu sorunların çözümüne odaklanmaktadır. Buna karşılık sınırlı sayıda çalışma, yaşlı bireylerin olumlu duygularını ele almaktadır. Olumlu duygular; önleme, tedavi etme ve problemlerle başa çıkma stratejileri ile bütünleştirildiğinde sorunların üstesinden gelmede önemli bir role sahiptir. Pozitif psikoloji yaklaşımı, olumlu duygularla yakından ilişkilidir ve yaşamdaki olumlu yanları anlamak ve geliştirmek için çalışmalar yapmaktadır. Pozitif psikoloji müdahaleleri; olumlu duygular, bilişler ve davranışlar geliştirmek için tasarlanmış müdahaleler olarak tanımlanmakta; şükran, affetme, yaşamı gözden geçirme terapisi, anımsama ve öz yönetim gibi uygulamaları içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, pozitif psikoloji müdahalesini konu alan araştırmalarda kullanılan müdahalelerin genel özelliklerinin ve yaşlı bireylere nasıl etki ettiğinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, doğrudan yaşlı bireylere yönelik pozitif psikoloji müdahalelerini ele alan araştırmalar incelenerek araştırmaların kavramsal ve yöntemsel özellikleri ile yaşlı bireylere etkileri ele alınmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda alanda çalışanlara öneriler sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Bartholomaeus JD, Van Agteren JE, Iasiello MP, Jarden A, & Kelly D (2019) Positive aging: The impact of a community wellbeing and resilience program. Clin Gerontol, 42:377-386.
  • Bowling A (1993) The concept of successful and positive ageing. Family Practice, 10:449–53.
  • Bulut S, Subaşı M (2020) Pozitif psikolojiye giriş. İçinde Pozitif Psikoloji (Ed. S Bulut):1-16. Ankara, Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Carr A (2016) Pozitif Psikoloji. (Çeviri Ed. Ü. Şendilek). İstanbul, Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Charles ST (2010) Strength and vulnerability integration: a model of emotional well-being across adulthood. Psychological Bulletin, 136:1068.
  • Chen J, Xiao H, Chen Y, Sun H, Chen S, Zheng J (2020) Effect of reminiscence therapy based on positive psychology theory (RTBPPT) on the positive feelings of the spousal caregivers of elderly patients with advanced cancer in China. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 29:e13324.
  • Chong AML, Ng SH, Woo J, Kwan AYH (2006) Positive ageing: the views of middle-aged and older adults in Hong Kong. Aging Soc, 26:243-265.
  • Cosco TD, Prina AM, Perales J, Stephan BC, Brayne C (2014) Operational definitions of successful aging: a systematic review. Int Psychogeriatr, 26:373-381.
  • Durgante HB, Tomasi LMB, de Lima, MMP, Dell’Aglio DD (2020) Long-term effects and impact of a positive psychology intervention for Brazilian retirees. Current Psychology, 1-12.
  • Fredrickson BL (2000). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3:1.
  • Greenawalt K, Orsega-Smith, E, Turner JL, Goodwin S, Rathie EJ (2019) The impact of “the art of happiness” class on community dwelling older adults: a positive psychology intervention. Act Adapt Aging, 43:118-132.
  • Gümüş Demir Z, Keskin R, Güler K (2021) The effect of the positive psychology interaction group program on anger and hope in elderly individuals. Turk Geriatri Derg, 24:95-103.
  • Hart K, Sasso T (2011) Mapping the contours of contemporary positive psychology. Can Psychol, 52:82-92.
  • Hendriks T, Schotanus-Dijkstra M, Hassankhan A, De Jong J, Bohlmeijer E (2020) The efficacy of multi-component positive psychology interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Happiness Stud, 21:357-390.
  • Ho HC, Yeung DY, Kwok SY (2014) Development and evaluation of the positive psychology intervention for older adults. J Posit Psychol, 9:187-197.
  • Karaçam Z (2013) Sistematik derleme metodolojisi: Sistematik derleme hazırlamak için bir rehber. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 6:26-33.
  • Kashaniyan F, Khodabakhshi KA (2015) Effectiveness of positive psychology group interventions on meaning of life and life satisfaction among older adults. Elderly Health Journal, 1:68-74.
  • Korkmaz Yaylagül N (2023) Yaşlılıkta Güncel Sorunlar: Yaş ayrımcılığı ve sosyal dışlanma. In Yaşlı Bakım Hizmet Modelleri ve Sosyal Politika Yaklaşımları. 2. Baskı (Ed. M Pekesen):79-96. Ankara, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Layous K, Chancellor J, Lyubomirsky S (2014) Positive activities as protective factors against mental health conditions. J Abnorm Psychol, 123:3-12.
  • Lee Duckworth A, Steen TA, Seligman ME (2005) Positive psychology in clinical practice. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 1:629-651.
  • Lyubomirsky S, Layous K (2013) How do simple positive activities increase well-being?. Curr Dir Psychol Sci, 22:57-62.
  • Meichsner F, O'Connor M, Skritskaya N, Shear MK (2020) Grief before and after bereavement in the elderly: An approach to care. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 28:560-569.
  • Peterson C (2013) Pursuing the Good Life: 100 Reflections in Positive Psychology. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Proyer RT, Gander F, Wellenzohn S, Ruch W (2014) Positive psychology interventions in people aged 50–79 years: long-term effects of placebo-controlled online interventions on well-being and depression. Aging Ment Health, 18:997-1005.
  • Ramírez E, Ortega AR, Chamorro A, Colmenero JM (2014) A program of positive intervention in the elderly: Memories, gratitude and forgiveness. Aging Ment Health, 18:463-470.
  • Rowe JW, Kahn RL (1997) Successful aging. Gerontologist, 37:433-440.
  • Seligman ME (2002) Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In Handbook of Positive Psychology. 1nd ed. (Eds R Snyder, SJ Lopez): 3-9. New York, Oxford University Press.
  • Seligman ME, Csikszentmihalyi M (2000) Positive psychology: An introduction, Am Psychol, 55:5-14.
  • Sutipan P, Intarakamhang U, Macaskill A (2017) The impact of positive psychological interventions on well-being in healthy elderly people. J Happiness Stud, 18:269-291.
  • Tufan İ (2022) Türkiye’de Yaşlı Eğitimi 60+ Tazelenme Üniversitesinin İlk Dört Yılı: Değerlendirme ve Öneriler. Ankara, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • TUİK (2023) Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu İstatistiklerle yaşlılar 2021. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Yaslilar-2021-45636 (Accessed 09.11.2023)
  • UNFPA (2012) Ageing in the Twenty-First Century: A Celebration and a Challenge Executive Summary. New York, United Nations Population Fund.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yaşlanma Psikolojisi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Hande Kırışık Sürer 0000-0002-2395-7855

Furkan Ulusal 0000-0001-8011-8540

Nuran Gül Borazan 0000-0001-8181-0598

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 7 Haziran 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Kırışık Sürer H, Ulusal F, Borazan NG. Assessment of Positive Psychology Interventions for Elderly Individuals from Gerontological Perspective. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Mart 2025;17(1):133-139. doi:10.18863/pgy.1449444

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