İç Mekan Algısına İlişkin Kültürlerarası Çalışmaların Sistematik İncelemesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 11 - 20, 15.03.2025

Türkan Sultan Yaşar Ismail , Ayşen Özkan

https://doi.org/10.54864/planarch.1574999

Öz

Toplumların temel yapı taşları olan bireyler, çevreleriyle sürekli ve gelişen bir ilişki içinde olup, kültürlerinde benzersiz bilişsel kalıpları teşvik ederler. Coğrafya, iklim, tarihi olaylar ve sosyal eğilimler gibi faktörler de farklı bölgeler arasında kültürel algılarda farklılıklara yol açabilmektedir. Mekanlar ise yaşam biçimlerini ve kültürel değerlerini yansıtmaktadır. Bireylerin çevrelerine yönelik algıları ve davranışları da ait oldukları kültürlere göre farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Bu anlamda, kültürel bağlamlardaki çevre çalışmaları mimarlık ve psikoloji alanlarında ilgi odağı olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, kültürlerarası mekansal algıya yönelik araştırmalarda kayda değer bir artış olduğu; ancak çalışmaların çoğunlukla mimari ya da peyzaj tasarımı ölçeğine odaklandığı görülmektedir. İç mekanlar ise özellikle içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılın kentsel bağlamı kapsamında, insanlar için ana çevrelerden biri olarak görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, küresel kültür bağlamında kapsayıcılığı teşvik etmek için mekana ilişkin kültürel algılardaki farklılıkları anlamak önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, iç mekan algısı çalışmaları arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları kültürlerarası bir bakış açısıyla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada, Scopus veri tabanında dahil etme ve hariç tutma kriterlerini içeren sistematik literatür haritalama yöntemi kullanılmış ve toplamda kültürel çeşitliliği odağına alan 26 ilgili algı çalışması farklı iç mekan tipolojilerine ve ülkelere göre seçilip analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, farklı kültürel kökenden gelen bireylerin çeşitli mekansal tipolojilere ve iç mekanlara farklı tepkiler verdiğini ve bu farklılıkların mekan programlaması, renk seçimleri ve mahremiyet düzeyleri gibi faktörlerle bağlantılı olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kültürlerarası, Algı, Tercih, İç Mekan, Karşılaştırmalı Çalışmalar

A Systematic Literature Review of Cross-Cultural Studies on Interior Perception

Öz

Individuals, as the fundamental building blocks of societies, engage in a continuous and evolving relationship with their environments, fostering unique cognitive patterns within their cultures. Factors like geography, climate, historical events, and social dispositions can lead to differences in cultural perceptions across different regions. On the other hand, spaces reflect ways of life and cultural values. Individuals’ perceptions and behaviours within their surroundings may differ depending on the cultures they belong to. Environmental studies within cultural contexts have been of interest in the architecture and psychology fields. There has been a notable increase in research interest in cross-cultural spatial perception. However, the studies mostly focus on the scale of architecture or landscape design. Interior spaces can be seen as one of the main surroundings for people, especially in the context of the current century urban context we live in. Therefore, it is essential to understand the differences in cultural perceptions of space to promote inclusivity within the global cultural context. This study aims to examine the similarities and differences between interior perception studies from a cross-cultural perspective. The systematic literature mapping method with inclusion and exclusion criteria was used within the Scopus database, and in total, 26 relevant perception studies focusing on cultural variation were selected and analyzed according to different interior typologies and countries. The findings indicate that individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds respond differently to various spatial typologies and interior spaces, with these differences linked to factors such as space programming, color choices, and levels of privacy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cross-cultural, Perception, Preference, Interior Space, Comparative Studies

Kaynakça

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