Investigation of Parallel Misalignment Faults of Induction Motor by Using Entropy Analysis

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 1037 - 1050, 01.12.2020

Abdurrahman Ünsal

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.551490

Öz

Induction
motors are widely used electrical machines in converting electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Common faults ıf induction motors are divided into two
groups as electrical and mechanical faults. Electrical faults consist of stator
faults and rotor faults. Mechanical faults include bearing failures, axial
misalignment and other faults related to the mechanical components of the
motor. Bearing failures has significant share in mechanical faults. One of the
main causes of bearing failures is 
the  misalignment between the
motor and the load. In this paper, the effects of the misalignment problems
between an induction motor and a load are investigated. A star-flexible coupling
was used between the induction motor and the load. The motor was loaded with a
self-excited synchronous generator. Motor-load (synchronous generator)
misalignments were gradually adjusted by a laser coupling alignment tool. At
each alignment level the stator current and vibration signals were recorded.
Current and vibration signals were analyzed in the frequency domain. Then
entropies of current and vibration signals were calculated. The change in the
entropy of current and vibration signals due to misalignment were investigated
experimentally. It has been shown that the misalignment problems can be
analyzed with the change in entropy of stator current and vibration signals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Induction motors, fault analysis, coupling misalignment faults, entrophy analysis

Asenkron Motorlarda Paralel Hizalama Hatalarının Entropi Analizi ile İncelenmesi

Öz

Asenkron
motorlar elektrik enerjisinin mekanik enerjiye dönüştürülmesinde yaygın olarak
kullanılan elektrik makinalarıdır. Asenkron motorlarda meydana gelen yaygın
arızalar elektriksel ve mekaniksel arızalar olarak iki gruba ayrılır.
Elektriksel arızalar stator arızaları ve rotor arızalarından oluşmaktadır.
Mekaniksel arızalar ise rulman arızaları, eksenel kaçıklık arızaları ve motorun
mekanik aksamı ile ilgili olan diğer arızalardan oluşmaktadır. Mekanik
arızaların önemli bir kısmını rulman arızaları oluşturmaktadır. Rulman
arızalarının ana sebeplerinden bir tanesi kaplin ayarının iyi yapılmaması
ve/veya motor-yük arasındaki hizasızlık sonucu meydana gelen mekanik
problemledir. Bu makalede bir asenkron motor ile yük arasında meydana gelen
hizasızlık probleminin motora etkileri incelendi. Asenkron motor ile yük
arasında bir adet yıldız-esnek kaplin kullanıldı. Kendinden uyartımlı bir
senkron generatör ile yüklendi. Motor-yük (senkron generatör) arasındaki
hizasızlıklar bir lazer kaplin ayar cihazı ile kademeli olarak ayarlandı. Her
kademede motor stator akımı ve titreşim sinyalleri kaydedildi. Akım ve titreşim
sinyalleri frekans domeninde analiz edildi. Daha sonra entropi değerleri
hesaplandı. Hizasızlık problemleriye akım ve titreşim sinyalleri entropi değerinin
değişimi deneysel olarak incelendi. Entropi değerindeki değişim ile hizasızlık
problemlerinin analiz edilebileceği ispat edildi. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asenkron motor, kaplin hizalama hataları, entropi analizi, arıza analizi

Kaynakça

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