Çocuklarda COVID-19 ve Karaciğer

Anna Carina Ergani; Reyhan Gümüştekin; Meltem Gümüş; Halil Haldun Emiroğlu

doi:10.21765/pprjournal.850029

Derleme

Çocuklarda COVID-19 ve Karaciğer

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 45 - 49, 30.04.2021

Anna Carina Ergani , Reyhan Gümüştekin Meltem Gümüş , Halil Haldun Emiroğlu

https://doi.org/10.21765/pprjournal.850029

Öz

SARS-CoV-2’nin neden olduğu koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) salgını, dünya çapında önemli bir sağlık ve ekonomik sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Çocuklarda enfeksiyonun karaciğeri nasıl etkilediğine ve kronik karaciğer hastalığının enfeksiyona yakalanma risk faktörü olmasına ilişkin bilgiler henüz yeterli düzeyde değildir. COVID-19 için farklı tedaviler incelenmektedir ve bunlardan bazıları hepatotoksisite ile ilişkilendirilmiştir.
Dünya çapında artan hasta sayısı nedeniyle, ağır hastalık riski olasılığının artabileceği düşünülerek kronik karaciğer hastalığı olanları SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonundan korumak için yeni yaklaşımlar geliştirilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu amaçla kronik karaciğer hastalığı olanlar için COVID-19 özel bir rehberi de yayınlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

SARS-CoV-2, pediatrik COVID-19, gastroenteroloji

Kaynakça

1. Cevik M, Bamford C, Ho A. COVID-19 Pandemic-a focused review for clinicians. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2020 Apr 21.
2. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New Engl J Med. 2020;382:727–33.
3. Siddiqi HK, Mehra MR. COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2020
4. Portincasa P., Krawczyk M., Antonia Machill, Lammert F., Di Ciaula A. Hepatic consequences of COVID-19 infection. Lapping or biting?. Eur J Intern Med. 2020 Jul; 77: 18–24.
5. Zhang C., Shi L., Wang F.S. Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:428–430.
6. Cai Q., Huang D., Yu H., Zhu Z., Xia Z., Su Y. Characteristics of liver tests in COVID-19 patients. J Hepatol. 2020 doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.006.
7. Bangash M.N., Patel J., Parekh D. COVID-19 and the liver: little cause for concern. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30084-4.
8. Ridruejo E., Soza A. The liver in times of COVID-19: What hepatologists should know. Ann Hepatol. 2020 July-August; 19(4): 353–358.
9. Cai Q, Huang D, Yu H, Zhu Z, Xia Z, Su Y. Characteristics of Liver Tests in COVID-19 Patients. J Hepatol. 2020
10.Schaefer E.A.K., Arvind A., Chung R.T. et al. Interrelationship Between Coronavirus Infection and Liver Disease. CLINICAL LIVER DISEASE, VOL 15, NO 5, MAY 2020.
11. Lei F, Liu YM, Zhou F, Qin JJ, Zhang P, Zhu L. Longitudinal association between markers of liver injury and mortality in COVID-19 in China. Hepatology. 2020
12. Fan Z, Chen L, Li J, Cheng X, Jingmao Y, Tian C. Clinical Features of COVID-19-Related Liver Damage. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020
13. Isabel Garrido I., Liberal R., Macedo G. COVID‐19 and liver disease—what we know on 1st May 2020. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun 2 : 10.1111/apt.15813.
14. Sultan S, Altayar O, Siddique SM, et al. AGA institute rapid review of the GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19, meta-analysis of international data, and recommendations for the consultative medicine of patients with COVID-19. Gastroenterology. 2020 May; doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.001.
15. Ludvigsson F. Systematic review of COVID‐19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. 2020;109:1088‐1095.
16. Qiu H, Wu J, Hong L, et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020.
17. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019‐nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr. 2020;9:51‐60.
18. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases . Clinical insights for hepatology and liver transplant providers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. https://www.aasld.org/about-aasld/covid-19-resources. Accessed April 14, 2020
19. Chai X, Hu L, Zhang Y, et al. Specific ACE2 expression in cholangiocytes may cause liver damage after 2019‐nCoV infection. bioRxiv. 2020. 10.1101/2020.02.03.931766
20. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID‐19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8:420‐422.
21. Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu L, Zhao M, Xiao J, Zhao Q. Liver impairment in COVID‐19 patients: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China. Liver Int. 2020. 10.1111/liv.14455.
22. Tan Y‐J, Fielding BC, Goh P‐Y, et al. Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase‐dependent pathway. J Virol. 2004;78:14043‐14047.
23. Bangash N, Patel J, Parekh D. COVID‐19 and the liver: little cause for concern. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:529–530.
24. Adams H, Hubscher G. Systemic viral infections and collateral damage in the liver. Am J Pathol. 2006;168:1057‐1059.
25. Kabaçam G., Dayangaç M., Üçbilek E., et al. The COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical practice advice for gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and liver transplant specialists. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2020 May; 31(5): 348–355.
26. Rohani P., Badi A.S., Moshiri A., Siadat D.S. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pediatric gastroenterology. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2020 Autumn; 13(4): 351–354.
27. Boettler T, Newsome PN, Mondelli MU, et al. Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID‐19 pandemic: EASL‐ESCMID position paper. JHEP Rep. 2020;2(3):100113.
28. Strnad P, Tacke F, Koch A, Trautwein C. Liver ‐guardian, modifier and target of sepsis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14:55‐66.
29. Lei S., Jiang F., Su W., Chen C., Chen J., Mei W. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;100331 doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100331.
30. Boettler T., Newsome P.N., Mondelli M.U., Maticic M., Cordero E., Cornberg M. Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper. JHEP Rep. 2020;2:100113. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100113.
31. Fix O.K., Hameed B., Fontana R.J., Kwok R.M., McGuire B.M., Mulligan D.C. Clinical best practice advice for hepatology and liver transplant providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: AASLD expert panel consensus statement. Hepatology. 2020 doi: 10.1002/hep.31281.
32. Sulkowski MS. Drug‐induced liver injury associated with antiretroviral therapy that includes HIV‐1 protease inhibitors. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:S90‐S97.
33. Fries JF, Singh G, Lenert L, Furst DE. Aspirin, hydroxychloroquine, and hepatic enzyme abnormalities with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990;33:1611‐1619.
34. Meyerowitz EA, Vannier AGL, Friesen MGN, et al. Rethinking the role of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID‐19. FASEB J. 2020;34:6027‐6037.
35. Genovese MC, Kremer JM, van Vollenhoven RF, et al. Transaminase levels and hepatic events during tocilizumab treatment: pooled analysis of long‐term clinical trial safety data in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69:1751‐1761.
36. Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, Cutrell JB. Pharmacologic treatments for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A review. JAMA. Apr 13
37. Grein J, Ohmagari N, Shin D, et al. Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 10; doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016.
38. Chen C, Huang J, Yin P, et al. Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID‐ 19: a randomized clinical trial. medRxiv. 2020. 10.1101/2020.03.17.20037432

Çocuklarda COVID-19 ve Karaciğer

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 45 - 49, 30.04.2021

Anna Carina Ergani , Reyhan Gümüştekin Meltem Gümüş , Halil Haldun Emiroğlu

https://doi.org/10.21765/pprjournal.850029

Öz

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to be a major health and economic problem worldwide. There is not enough information about how the infection affects the liver in children and chronic liver disease is a risk factor for this infection. Different treatments are being studied for COVID-19, some of which have been linked to hepatotoxicity.
Due to the increasing number of patients worldwide, new approaches have been developed to protect those with chronic liver disease from SARS-CoV-2 infection, considering that the risk of severe disease may increase. For this purpose, COVID-19 has also published a special guide for those with chronic liver disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

SARS-CoV-2, Pediatric COVID-19, Gastroenterology

Kaynakça

1. Cevik M, Bamford C, Ho A. COVID-19 Pandemic-a focused review for clinicians. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2020 Apr 21.
2. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New Engl J Med. 2020;382:727–33.
3. Siddiqi HK, Mehra MR. COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical-therapeutic staging proposal. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2020
4. Portincasa P., Krawczyk M., Antonia Machill, Lammert F., Di Ciaula A. Hepatic consequences of COVID-19 infection. Lapping or biting?. Eur J Intern Med. 2020 Jul; 77: 18–24.
5. Zhang C., Shi L., Wang F.S. Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:428–430.
6. Cai Q., Huang D., Yu H., Zhu Z., Xia Z., Su Y. Characteristics of liver tests in COVID-19 patients. J Hepatol. 2020 doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.04.006.
7. Bangash M.N., Patel J., Parekh D. COVID-19 and the liver: little cause for concern. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30084-4.
8. Ridruejo E., Soza A. The liver in times of COVID-19: What hepatologists should know. Ann Hepatol. 2020 July-August; 19(4): 353–358.
9. Cai Q, Huang D, Yu H, Zhu Z, Xia Z, Su Y. Characteristics of Liver Tests in COVID-19 Patients. J Hepatol. 2020
10.Schaefer E.A.K., Arvind A., Chung R.T. et al. Interrelationship Between Coronavirus Infection and Liver Disease. CLINICAL LIVER DISEASE, VOL 15, NO 5, MAY 2020.
11. Lei F, Liu YM, Zhou F, Qin JJ, Zhang P, Zhu L. Longitudinal association between markers of liver injury and mortality in COVID-19 in China. Hepatology. 2020
12. Fan Z, Chen L, Li J, Cheng X, Jingmao Y, Tian C. Clinical Features of COVID-19-Related Liver Damage. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020
13. Isabel Garrido I., Liberal R., Macedo G. COVID‐19 and liver disease—what we know on 1st May 2020. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun 2 : 10.1111/apt.15813.
14. Sultan S, Altayar O, Siddique SM, et al. AGA institute rapid review of the GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19, meta-analysis of international data, and recommendations for the consultative medicine of patients with COVID-19. Gastroenterology. 2020 May; doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.001.
15. Ludvigsson F. Systematic review of COVID‐19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. 2020;109:1088‐1095.
16. Qiu H, Wu J, Hong L, et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of 36 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Zhejiang, China: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020.
17. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang C, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019‐nCoV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr. 2020;9:51‐60.
18. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases . Clinical insights for hepatology and liver transplant providers during the COVID‐19 pandemic. https://www.aasld.org/about-aasld/covid-19-resources. Accessed April 14, 2020
19. Chai X, Hu L, Zhang Y, et al. Specific ACE2 expression in cholangiocytes may cause liver damage after 2019‐nCoV infection. bioRxiv. 2020. 10.1101/2020.02.03.931766
20. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Pathological findings of COVID‐19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8:420‐422.
21. Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu L, Zhao M, Xiao J, Zhao Q. Liver impairment in COVID‐19 patients: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases from a single center in Wuhan city, China. Liver Int. 2020. 10.1111/liv.14455.
22. Tan Y‐J, Fielding BC, Goh P‐Y, et al. Overexpression of 7a, a protein specifically encoded by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, induces apoptosis via a caspase‐dependent pathway. J Virol. 2004;78:14043‐14047.
23. Bangash N, Patel J, Parekh D. COVID‐19 and the liver: little cause for concern. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;5:529–530.
24. Adams H, Hubscher G. Systemic viral infections and collateral damage in the liver. Am J Pathol. 2006;168:1057‐1059.
25. Kabaçam G., Dayangaç M., Üçbilek E., et al. The COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical practice advice for gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and liver transplant specialists. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2020 May; 31(5): 348–355.
26. Rohani P., Badi A.S., Moshiri A., Siadat D.S. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pediatric gastroenterology. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2020 Autumn; 13(4): 351–354.
27. Boettler T, Newsome PN, Mondelli MU, et al. Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID‐19 pandemic: EASL‐ESCMID position paper. JHEP Rep. 2020;2(3):100113.
28. Strnad P, Tacke F, Koch A, Trautwein C. Liver ‐guardian, modifier and target of sepsis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14:55‐66.
29. Lei S., Jiang F., Su W., Chen C., Chen J., Mei W. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection. EClinicalMedicine. 2020;100331 doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100331.
30. Boettler T., Newsome P.N., Mondelli M.U., Maticic M., Cordero E., Cornberg M. Care of patients with liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: EASL-ESCMID position paper. JHEP Rep. 2020;2:100113. doi: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2020.100113.
31. Fix O.K., Hameed B., Fontana R.J., Kwok R.M., McGuire B.M., Mulligan D.C. Clinical best practice advice for hepatology and liver transplant providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: AASLD expert panel consensus statement. Hepatology. 2020 doi: 10.1002/hep.31281.
32. Sulkowski MS. Drug‐induced liver injury associated with antiretroviral therapy that includes HIV‐1 protease inhibitors. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:S90‐S97.
33. Fries JF, Singh G, Lenert L, Furst DE. Aspirin, hydroxychloroquine, and hepatic enzyme abnormalities with methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990;33:1611‐1619.
34. Meyerowitz EA, Vannier AGL, Friesen MGN, et al. Rethinking the role of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of COVID‐19. FASEB J. 2020;34:6027‐6037.
35. Genovese MC, Kremer JM, van Vollenhoven RF, et al. Transaminase levels and hepatic events during tocilizumab treatment: pooled analysis of long‐term clinical trial safety data in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69:1751‐1761.
36. Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, Cutrell JB. Pharmacologic treatments for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A review. JAMA. Apr 13
37. Grein J, Ohmagari N, Shin D, et al. Compassionate use of remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 10; doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007016.
38. Chen C, Huang J, Yin P, et al. Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID‐ 19: a randomized clinical trial. medRxiv. 2020. 10.1101/2020.03.17.20037432

Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Derlemeler
Yazarlar	Anna Carina Ergani Reyhan Gümüştekin Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-5813-4448 Meltem Gümüş Halil Haldun Emiroğlu
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Nisan 2021
Kabul Tarihi	25 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver	Ergani AC, Gümüştekin R, Gümüş M, Emiroğlu HH. Çocuklarda COVID-19 ve Karaciğer. pediatr pract res. 2021;9(1):45-9.

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