Performance Analysis of Geosynthetic Reinforced Earth Walls With Different Backfils by Finite Element Method
Öz
Failure of retaining walls may cause loss of lives and injuries. Failure of retaining walls also has economical effects because of damaged buildings, infrastructure and vehicles. There have been some devastating cases regarding failure of retaining wall. Therefore, interest for construction of reinforced earth wall has increased in recent years due to several advantages they provide. Reinforced earth wall is more economical than ordinary retaining walls. They are lightweight structure which affects their earthquake performance positively. However, if necessary attention has not paid during design and construction, similar events may occur. Selection of backfill material is also important. In order to build an economical reinforced earth wall, constructors tend to use available soil on site instead of clean sand which changes behavior and performance of the reinforced earth wall significantly. Performance of geosynthetic reinforced earth walls is investigated in this study to find out effects of different soil types used as backfill. Locally available sand and clay is obtained for this purpose. Sand and clay is mixed at different proportions. Amount of clay is increased by 20%. Strength parameters of each mixture are determined by direct shear test. Experimentally computed Mohr-Coulomb material model parameters are used in finite element analysis. Performance of geosynthetic reinforced earth wall is evaluated by considering horizontal deformations, settlement, maximum forces acting on geotextile and its position.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1 – D. M. Carlos, Margarida Pinho-Lopes "Reinforcement with geosynthetics of walls of the saltpans of the aveiro lagoon", Geotech Geol Eng, 2011, 29, 519 – 536
- 2 – Yanbo Chen, Yufeng Gao, Shangchuan Yang, Fei Zhang “ Required unfactored geosynthetic strength of three-dimensional reinforced soil structures comprised of cohesive backfills”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2018, 46, 860 – 868.
- 3 – Abdolhosein Haddad and Gholamali Shafabakhsh "Failure of segmental retaining walls due to the insufficiency of backfill permeability", Proceedings of the 4th Asian Regional Conference on Geosynthetics, June 17 - 20, 2008 852 – 856
- 4 – Robert M. Koerner and George R. Koerner "The importance of drainage control for geosynthetic reinforced mechanically stabilized earth walls", Journal of GeoEngineering, 2011, 6, 3 – 13
- 5 – Robert M. Koerner, Te-Yang Soong “Geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining walls”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2001, 19, 359 – 386
- 6 – Huabei Liu, Xiangyu Wang, Erxiang Song “Long-term behavior of GRS retaining walls with marginal backfill soils”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2009, 27, 295 – 307F. H. M. Portelinha, B. S. Bueno, J.G. Zornberg “ Performance of nonwoven geotextile-reinforced walls under wetting conditions: laboratory and field investigations” Geosynthetics International, 2013, 20(2), 90 – 104.
- 7 – M. Pinho-Lopes, D. M. Carlos, M. L. Lopes "Flume tests on fine soil reinforced with geosynthetics: walls of the salt pans (Aveiro Lagoon, Portugal)", Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng, 2015, 1 – 12
- 8 – Mario Riccio, Mauricio Ehrlich, Daniel Dias "Field monitoring and analyses of the response of a block-faced geogrid wall using fine-grained tropical soils", Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2014, 42, 127 – 138
- 9 – K. Sukmak , J. Han, P. Sukmak, S. Horpibulsuk “Numerical parametric study on behavior of bearing reinforcement earth walls with different backfill material properties”, Geosynthetics International, 2016, 23(6), 1 – 17
- 10 – Artit Udomchai, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Cherdsak Suksiripattanapong, Narongsak Mavong, Runglawan Rachan, Arul Arulrajah “Performance of the bearing reinforcement earth wall as a retaining structure in the Mae Moh mine, Thailand”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2017, 45, 350 – 360
- 11 – B. V. S. Viswanadham, Hamid Reza Razeghi, Jaber Mamaghanian, C. H. S. G. Manikumar “Centrifuge model study on geogrid reinforced soil walls with marginal backfills with and without chimney sand drain” Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2017, 45, 430 – 446
- 12 – R. Kerry Rowe and Allen Lunzhu Li "Insights from case histories: reinforced embankments and retaining walls"
- 13 – Guangqing Yang, Huabei Liu, Peng Lv, Baojian Zhang "Geogrid-reinforced lime-treated cohesive soil retaining wall: Case study and implications", Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2012, 35, 112 – 118
- 14 – Yewei Zheng, Patrick J. Fox, John S. McCartney “Numerical study on maximum reinforcement tensile forces in geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments” Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2018, 634 – 645
Öz
İstinat duvarlarının yıkılması ölüm ve yaralanmalara yol açabilmektedir. İstinat duvarlarının yıkılması çevredeki binalara, araçlara ve altyapıya zarar vermekte ve ekonomik kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenlerle, geosentetik donatılı istinat duvarlarına olan ilgi, bu yapıların sağladığı avantajlardan dolayı artmaktadır. Donatılı istinat duvarları hafif oldukları için deprem yükleri altında daha iyi performans sergilemektedirler. Ancak, bu yapıların tasarım ve inşası sırasında gerekli önlemler alınmazsa olumsuz sonuçlar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Kullanılacak olan dolgu malzemesinin seçimi de oldukça önemlidir. Ekonomik olarak daha uygun olması nedeniyle tüm dünyada inşa sırasında şantiyede bulunan kohezyozlu zeminlerin kullanımı oldukça yaygındır. Kullanılan kohezyonlu zeminler ise donatılı duvarın karakteristiklerini oldukça etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı zemin türlerinin geosentetik donatılı duvar dolgusu olarak kullanıldığı zaman, geosentetik donatılı duvarın performansına olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu nedenle kum ve kil tipi zeminler ile bunların karışımından elde edilen farklı tipteki zeminlerin gerekli özellikleri laboratuvar ortamında belirlendikten sonra, geosentetik donatılı istinat duvarları sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile modellenmiştir. Karışımlar hazırlanırken, farklı zemin tipleri elde edebilmek için kum ile karıştırılan kil miktarı her bir karışım için %20 arttırılmıştır. Geosentetik donatılı istinat duvarlarının performansları ise yatay düzlemde meydana gelen yer değiştirme, oturma ve donatı üzerinde meydana gelen en yüksek kuvvet miktarları bulunarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1 – D. M. Carlos, Margarida Pinho-Lopes "Reinforcement with geosynthetics of walls of the saltpans of the aveiro lagoon", Geotech Geol Eng, 2011, 29, 519 – 536
- 2 – Yanbo Chen, Yufeng Gao, Shangchuan Yang, Fei Zhang “ Required unfactored geosynthetic strength of three-dimensional reinforced soil structures comprised of cohesive backfills”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2018, 46, 860 – 868.
- 3 – Abdolhosein Haddad and Gholamali Shafabakhsh "Failure of segmental retaining walls due to the insufficiency of backfill permeability", Proceedings of the 4th Asian Regional Conference on Geosynthetics, June 17 - 20, 2008 852 – 856
- 4 – Robert M. Koerner and George R. Koerner "The importance of drainage control for geosynthetic reinforced mechanically stabilized earth walls", Journal of GeoEngineering, 2011, 6, 3 – 13
- 5 – Robert M. Koerner, Te-Yang Soong “Geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining walls”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2001, 19, 359 – 386
- 6 – Huabei Liu, Xiangyu Wang, Erxiang Song “Long-term behavior of GRS retaining walls with marginal backfill soils”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2009, 27, 295 – 307F. H. M. Portelinha, B. S. Bueno, J.G. Zornberg “ Performance of nonwoven geotextile-reinforced walls under wetting conditions: laboratory and field investigations” Geosynthetics International, 2013, 20(2), 90 – 104.
- 7 – M. Pinho-Lopes, D. M. Carlos, M. L. Lopes "Flume tests on fine soil reinforced with geosynthetics: walls of the salt pans (Aveiro Lagoon, Portugal)", Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng, 2015, 1 – 12
- 8 – Mario Riccio, Mauricio Ehrlich, Daniel Dias "Field monitoring and analyses of the response of a block-faced geogrid wall using fine-grained tropical soils", Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2014, 42, 127 – 138
- 9 – K. Sukmak , J. Han, P. Sukmak, S. Horpibulsuk “Numerical parametric study on behavior of bearing reinforcement earth walls with different backfill material properties”, Geosynthetics International, 2016, 23(6), 1 – 17
- 10 – Artit Udomchai, Suksun Horpibulsuk, Cherdsak Suksiripattanapong, Narongsak Mavong, Runglawan Rachan, Arul Arulrajah “Performance of the bearing reinforcement earth wall as a retaining structure in the Mae Moh mine, Thailand”, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2017, 45, 350 – 360
- 11 – B. V. S. Viswanadham, Hamid Reza Razeghi, Jaber Mamaghanian, C. H. S. G. Manikumar “Centrifuge model study on geogrid reinforced soil walls with marginal backfills with and without chimney sand drain” Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2017, 45, 430 – 446
- 12 – R. Kerry Rowe and Allen Lunzhu Li "Insights from case histories: reinforced embankments and retaining walls"
- 13 – Guangqing Yang, Huabei Liu, Peng Lv, Baojian Zhang "Geogrid-reinforced lime-treated cohesive soil retaining wall: Case study and implications", Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2012, 35, 112 – 118
- 14 – Yewei Zheng, Patrick J. Fox, John S. McCartney “Numerical study on maximum reinforcement tensile forces in geosynthetic reinforced soil bridge abutments” Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 2018, 634 – 645
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | İnşaat Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 11 Haziran 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 |