Endokrin Bozucu Kimyasallar ve İlişkili Hastalıklar

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 56 - 67, 28.08.2023

Büşra Sabur Öztürk

Öz

Endokrin Bozucu kimyasallar (EBK), endojen hormonlardan bir veya daha fazlasının etkisini taklit ederek veya inhibe ederek endokrin sistemin gelişimi ve fonksiyonunu değiştiren, ekzojen madde veya madde karışımlarıdır. Bu kimyasallar, insan, hayvan ve bitki kaynaklı (fitoöstrojenler) olabildikleri gibi, sentetik ve endüstriyel kimyasal kaynaklı da olabilmektedirler. Endokrin bozuculara maruziyet, besin, su, havadaki gazların ve partiküllerin solunması, deri ve transdermal absorpsiyon yoluyla gerçekleşmektedir. Bilinen çeşitli maruziyet kaynakları arasında, diyet, insanların EBK'lere maruz kalmasının en güçlü kaynaklarından biridir. Genel olarak, EBK’ler kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH), diyabet, obezite ve metabolik sendrom gibi birçok kronik hastalıkta rol oynamaktadır. İnsan nüfusu günlük yaşamda bu tür kimyasallara her yerde maruz kalmaktadır. EBK’ler küresel bir sorun haline gelmiş olup günümüzde bu kimyasallardan tamamen korunmak olanaksızdır. Bu nedenle endokrin bozucuların sağlığımız üzerindeki etkilerini en aza indirmek için yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri önem kazanmaktadır. Bu kimyasalların hastalık yapıcı riskini minimalize etmek için yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeli, fiziksel aktivite arttırılmalı ve bol su içilmelidir. Sebze ve meyveler tüketilmeden önce iyice yıkanmalıdır. EBK'lere maruziyetin önlenmesi için acil stratejiler geliştirilmelidir. Bireysel kapasitenin ötesinde olan ve bu nedenle politika yapıcılar ve yerel yöneticiler tarafından geliştirilip uygulanması gereken başka önleyici tedbirler uygulanmalıdır. Biyoizleme ve epidemiyolojik çalışmalar dikkatli bir şekilde tasarlanmalı ve temel ve klinik bilim adamlarıyla işbirliği yapılarak yürütülmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endokrin Bozucu Kimyasallar, Kronik Hastalıklar, Beslenme

Kaynakça

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