1990’dan 2014’e kadar dünyada ekonomik kriz zamanlarında sağlık politikası tercihleri ve alınan önlemler: Teorik bir inceleme

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 43 - 51, 31.03.2019

Ümit Çıraklı , Hasan Hüseyin Yıldırım

Öz

Bu çalışma, 1990’dan 2014 yılına kadar dünyada ekonomik kriz zamanlarında ülkelerin sağlık politikası ile ilgili
tercihlerinin neler olduklarını ve ekonomik krizlerin sağlığa olası olumsuz etkilerini önlemede ne gibi tedbirler aldıklarını
ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, teorik ve ampirik çalışmalar incelenmiş ve hükümetlerin
ekonomik kriz zamanlarında sağlık politikası tercihleri ve aldıkları önlemler etkileriyle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir.
Çalışma sonucunda, ülkelerin, çoğunlukla bir arada olmak üzere, daraltıcı ve genişletici olmak üzere iki tür politika
araçları uyguladıkları görülmüştür. Yine çalışma sonucunda ekonomik krizlerin sağlığa etkilerinde, hangi politika
türünün (daraltıcı veya genişletici) baskın olduğunun önemli bir faktör olduğu ve genişletici politikaların baskın olması
durumunda krizlerin sağlığa olası olumsuz etkilerinin önemli ölçüde azaltıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik krizler, sağlık, sağlık politikası

Health policy choices and countermeaures taken in times of economic crisis from 1994 to 2014 in the world: A theoretical review

Öz

This study is carried out in order to show what the health policy preferences and of the countries in times of
economic crisis from 1990 to 2014 in the world are, and what countermeaures are taken to prevent the possible
adverse effects on health. In this context, theoretical and empirical studies have been examined and the health
policy preferences of the governments and, countermeasures taken by governments during times of economic
crisis have been evaluated together with the effects of these actions. As a result of the study, it has been seen that
countries apply two types of policy instruments, mostly usually in combination: contractionary and expansionary.
Again, from the result of the study, it is concluded that which type of policy (the contractionary or expansionary)
is predominant is an important factor in the effects of economic crisis on health, and that the potential adverse
effects of crises are significantly reduced if the expansionary policies are predominant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic crisis, health, health policy, policy preferences

Kaynakça

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