Effect of Cooling Rate on Material Properties in Homogenization Heat Treatment of 6060 Aluminum Alloy

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 6, 1194 - 1201

Büşra Gedik , Miraç Alaf

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1315557

Öz

An important alloy family utilized in the extrusion sector is the 6xxx series of aluminum alloys, which can also be aged through heat treatment. Because of its excellent extrudability, it is easily formable. Before extrusion, formable aluminum alloys are typically heated through homogenization. With the homogenization process applied to the material, it is ensured that the product surface is clean and the microstructure that determines the extrusion speed is obtained with the controlled cooling applied after homogenization. In this study, homogenization heat treatment was carried out in continuous type homogenization furnaces of AA-6060 series Al billet produced with direct chill (DC) casting. In the cooling section, different cooling rates were obtained by changing the speeds of the fans and the effect of the cooling rate on the material properties were examined. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, β-AlFeSi, α-AlFeSi and Mg2Si phases were observed in the alloys. The needle-shaped β-AlFeSi phase seen at the grain boundaries of the casting sample was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optic microscope (OM), where homogeneously heat-treated samples transformed into spherical form α-AlFeSi at the grain boundaries. Although the cooling rates did not have a significant and significant effect on the microstructure in homogenization, the saving obtained from the total electricity consumption of the turbo fans was 29.6%

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aluminium alloys, Homogenisation, Microstructure, Material properties

Destekleyen Kurum

Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Coordination of Scientific Research Project (BAP)

Proje Numarası

2022-01.BŞEÜ.03-04

Teşekkür

This work is supported by Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Coordination of Scientific Research Project (BAP) under contract number 2022-01.BŞEÜ.03-04. The authors would like to thank Arslan Alüminyum AŞ. for their contributions.

Kaynakça

• I. N. A. Oguocha, A. A. Tiamiyu, M. Rezaei, A. G. Odeshi, J. A. Szpunar, “Experimental investigation of the dynamic impact responses of as-cast and homogenized A535 aluminum alloy.,” Materials Science and Engineering A. vol. 771, no. October 2019, p. 138536, 2020.
• C. Menapace, F. Bernard, M. Lusa, G. Ischia, G. Straffelini, “Effect of a dual-rate ageing treatment on the tensile properties of a commercial 6060 Al alloy.,” Materials Science and Engineering A. vol. 819, no. May, p. 141468, 2021.
• S. Liu, J. You, X. Zhang, Y. Deng, Y. Yuan, “Influence of cooling rate after homogenization on the flow behavior of aluminum alloy 7050 under hot compression.,” Materials Science and Engineering A. vol. 527, no. 4–5, pp. 1200–1205, 2010.
• K. B. S. Couto, M. Goncalves, W. H. Van Geertruyden, W. Z. Misiolek, “Homogenization and Hot Ductiility of Aluminum Alloy AA 6063.,” Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys (2004). pp. 1388–1393, 2004.
• P. I. Sarafoglou, J. S. Aristeidakis, M. I. T. Tzini, G. N. Haidemenopoulos, “Metallographic index-based quantification of the homogenization state in Extrudable Aluminum alloys.,” Metals. vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 1–11, 2016.
• J. Miao, S. Sutton, A. A. Luo, “Deformation microstructure and thermomechanical processing maps of homogenized AA2070 aluminum alloy.,” Materials Science and Engineering A. vol. 834, no. January, p. 142619, 2022.
• X. Qian, N. Parson, X. G. Chen, “Effect of Homogenization Treatment and Microalloying with Mn on the Microstructure and Hot Workability of AA6060 Aluminum Alloys.,” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance. vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 4531–4542, 2019.
• P. I. Sarafoglou, A. Serafeim, I. A. Fanikos, J. S. Aristeidakis, G. N. Haidemenopoulos, “Modeling of microsegregation and homogenization of 6xxx Al-alloys including precipitation and strengthening during homogenization cooling.,” Materials. vol. 12, no. 9, p. 2019.
• Y. Birol, “Optimization of homogenization for a low alloyed AlMgSi alloy.,” Materials Characterization. vol. 80, no. Table 1, pp. 69–75, 2013.
• T. Greß, T. Mittler, H. Chen, J. Stahl, S. Schmid, N. B. Khalifa, W. Volk, “Production of aluminum AA7075/6060 compounds by die casting and hot extrusion.,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology. vol. 280, no. September 2019, p. 116594, 2020.
• N. Bayat, T. Carlberg, M. Cieslar, “In-situ study of phase transformations during homogenization of 6060 and 6063 Al alloys.,” Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. vol. 130, no. July 2018, pp. 165–171, 2019.
• A. R. Arnoldt, A. Schiffl, H. W. Höppel, J. A. Österreicher, “Influence of different homogenization heat treatments on the microstructure and hot flow stress of the aluminum alloy AA6082.,” Materials Characterization. vol. 191, no. July, p. 2022.
• P. Priya, “Microstructural evolution during the homogenization heat treatment of 6XXX and 7XXX aluminum alloys.,” p. 222, 2016.
• Y. Birol, “The effect of homogenization practice on the microstructure of AA6063 billets.,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology. vol. 148, no. 2, pp. 250–258, 2004.
• H. Demirpolat, S. Akdi, B. Alkan, “The Effect of Homogenization and Chemical Compositions of 6005 and 6082 Aluminium Alloys on The Cold Forming Process.,” European Journal of Science and Technology. no. 28, pp. 16–20, 2021.
• A. E. Tekkaya, M. Schikorra, D. Becker, D. Biermann, N. Hammer, K. Pantke, “Hot profile extrusion of AA-6060 aluminum chips.,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology. vol. 209, no. 7, pp. 3343–3350, 2009.
• S. D. Liu, Y. B. Yuan, C. B. Li, J. H. You, X. M. Zhang, “Influence of cooling rate after homogenization on microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 7050.,” Metals and Materials International. vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 679–683, 2012.
• J. Asensio-Lozano, B. Suárez-Peña, G. F. V. Voort, “Effect of processing steps on the mechanical properties and surface appearance of 6063 aluminium extruded products.,” Materials. vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 4224–4242, 2014.
• X. Qian, X. Li, Y. Li, G. Xu, Z. Wang, “Microstructure evolution during homogenization and hot workability of 7055 aluminum alloy produced by twin-roll casting.,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology. vol. 13, pp. 2536–2550, 2021.
• H. Tanihata, T. Sugawara, K. Matsuda, S. Ikeno, “Effect of casting and homogenizing treatment conditions on the formation of Al-Fe-Si intermetallic compounds in 6063 Al-Mg-Si alloys.,” Journal of Materials Science. vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1205–1210, 1999.
• B. Adamczyk-Cieślak, J. Mizera, K. J. Kurzydłowski, “Microstructures in the 6060 aluminium alloy after various severe plastic deformation treatments.,” Materials Characterization. vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 327–332, 2011.
• K. Uttarasak, W. Chongchitnan, K. Matsuda, T. Chairuangsri, J. Kajornchaiyakul, C. Banjongprasert, “Evolution of Fe-containing intermetallic phases and abnormal grain growth in 6063 aluminum alloy during homogenization.,” Results in Physics. vol. 15, no. July, p. 102535, 2019.
• P. I. Sarafoglou, “Simulation and design of the homogenization process of 6xxx extrudable Aluminum alloys Development of design rules for high extrudability by.,” p. 2018.