Matematiksel Kritik Eşik Kavramı

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 4, 220 - 236, 08.06.2018

Özgür Özkaya , Görkem Aybars Balcı Muzaffer Çolakoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.342822

Öz

Direnç
egzersizlerinde kritik tork (KT) ve bu değerin zaman-tork hiperbolik
modelindeki eğim sabitini veren anaerobik iş kapasitesi (T’), egzersiz şiddeti ve bitkinlik süresi arasındaki ters ilişkiyi
ortaya koymuştur. Sonraki yıllarda, bu parametrelerin büyük kas gruplarının katılımıyla
gerçekleştirilen egzersizlere uyarlanmasıyla kritik güç (KG) ve kritik hız (KH)
ile bu kriterlere ait fonksiyonlar (sırasıyla W’ ve D’) tanımlanmıştır.
Bu kavramlar “kritik bir metabolik oran” olarak bilinen kritik eşik (KE)
değerini verir. Matematiksel temelli bu KE, “yorgunluk oluşmadan uzun süreler devam
ettirilebilen en yüksek oran” olarak değeridir. Bu değer “VO₂’de
halen denge görülen (≤2,1 ml O₂ dk^-1·kg^-1
değişim) en yüksek egzersiz şiddeti” olarak fizyolojik bir temele
oturtulmuştur. Dolayısıyla KE, çok ağırdan (-very heavy) şiddetli (-severe)
egzersiz alanına geçişin sınırı olarak kabul edilir. KE belirlemede kullanılan
sabit şiddetli egzersiz sayıları genellikle üç ile yedi arasında değişir. Güvenilir
ve geçerli bir KE tahmin etmede seçilecek egzersiz şiddetlerinin, 1-2 dakikadan
10-12 dakikaya değişen sürelerde bitkinlik yaratacak düzeylerde olması gerekir.
Ancak matematiksel teorilerle açıklanan KE bir miktar düşük geçerliliğe sahip
bir performans bileşenidir. KE üzeri egzersiz şiddetlerinde bitkinliğe kadar VO₂’de
izlenen yavaş komponentin her durumda VO_2maks ile sonlanmayabileceği
gösterilmiştir. Bu derleme, ilgili kavramların teorik ve pratik temellerini
açıkladıktan sonra, gerçek bir kritik eşik belirlemenin inceliklerini aktarmak amacıyla
hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

VO2’de denge, yavaş komponent

Mathematical Critical Threshold Concepts

Öz

Critical torque during resistance trainings and its

asymptotic slope constant of time-torque hyperbolic

equation as anaerobic work capacity (T’), manifested

an inverse relationship between exercise intensity

and time limit. In the following years, by means

of the adaptations of these parameters to exercises

performed with large muscle involvements, critical

power, critical velocity, and their mathematical functions

were identified as W’ and D’. Those concepts

have given critical threshold (CT) known as a “critical

metabolic rate”. Mathematically based CT is identified

as “the highest rate that can be sustained for a very

long time without fatigue”. CT has been based upon a

physiological basis by “the highest exercise intensity

that can be remained a stable O2”. Thereby, CT represents

a boundary that separates exercise intensity domains

between very heavy and severe. The number of

constant-intensity exhausted exercises to define the

CT mostly vary between three and seven. A number

of exercises within the severe zone that can be caused

exhaustion within 1-2 to 10-12 minutes, should be adjusted

in order to evaluate a reliable and valid CT. On the

other hand, mathematically based CT as a performance

criterion has a lack of accuracy. It was shown that

slow component of O2 may not always reach to O2max

via exercises to volitional exhaustion performed with

supra-critical threshold. This review was prepared to 

explain theoretical and practical bases of the critical

threshold and then, to clarify key points to detect a real

critical threshold.

Anahtar Kelimeler

VO2 Steady-state, Slow component.

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