Sedentary Screen Time in Working Adults Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 98 - 108, 07.06.2021

Ayda Karaca , Sinem Hazır Aytar , Necip Demirci , Funda Akcan , Emine Çağlar , Şule Nehir Araç

https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.903014

Cited By: 2

Öz

The aim of this study was to examine the sedentary screen time (SST) of working individuals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred eighty-nine female and 313 male, a total of 602 (aged between 18-64 years) working adults participated in this study. In order to calculate the duration of sedentary behavior (SB) at work and home, participants were asked to complete the work and household indexes of the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) for Turkish people developed by Karaca et al. (2000). The results of statistical analyses indicated that recreational sedentary screen time (recreational SST) during COVID-19 was higher than before COVID-19 in both genders, in all age groups and all income groups (p <0.05). Sedentary screen time at work during COVID-19 was lower than before COVID-19 in both genders aged between 45-64 of moderate and high income groups (p <0.05). There were no significant differences between before and during COVID-19 in work-related SST at home at all income levels (p >0.05). As a result, it was concluded that the SST in the workplace during COVID-19 decreased by about two hours per week, while recreational SST increased by about 10 hours per week compared to the period before COVID-19.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sedentary screen time, working adults, COVID-19

COVID-19 Salgını Öncesinde ve Sırasında Çalışan Yetişkin Bireylerin Sedanter Ekran Süreleri

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışan bireylerin COVID-19 pandemisi öncesinde ve sırasında sedanter olarak geçirdikleri ekran sürelerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 18-64 yaşları arasında olan 289 kadın ve 313 erkek olmak üzere toplam 602 çalışan birey katılmıştır. İşyerinde ve evde harcanan sedanter sürenin hesaplanabilmesi için katılımcılardan Karaca ve diğ., (2000) tarafından geliştirilen Fiziksel Aktivite Değerlendirme Anketi'nin (FADA) iş ve ev işleri indekslerini doldurmaları istenmiştir. Her iki cinsiyette, tüm yaş gruplarında ve tüm gelir gruplarında COVID-19 sırasındaki rekreasyonel sedanter ekran süresi, COVID-19 öncesinden daha yüksektir (p <0.05). Her iki cinsiyette, 45-64 yaş grubunda, orta ve yüksek gelir düzeyinde COVID-19 sırasındaki işyerindeki ekran süresinin, COVID-19 öncesinden daha düşüktür (p <0.05). Evde iş ile ilgili sedanter ekran süresinde COVID-19 öncesi ve sırası arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p >0.05). Sonuç olarak; COVID-19 öncesi döneme göre COVID-19 sırasında işyerindeki ekran süresinin haftada yaklaşık iki saat azaldığı, rekreasyonel sedanter ekran süresinin ise haftada yaklaşık 10 saat arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sedenter ekran süresi, çalışan bireyler, COVID-19

Kaynakça

• 1. Banks, E., Jorm, L., Rogers, K., Clements, M., and Bauman, A. (2011). Screen-time, obesity, ageing and disability: Findings from 91 266 participants in the 45 and up study. Public Health Nutrition, 14(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010000674.
• 2. Burton, N.W., Haynes, M., Van Uffelen, J.G., Brown, W.J., and Turrell, G. (2012). Mid-aged adults' sitting time in three contexts. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine, 42(4), 363-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.012.
• 3. Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. (2020). Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults aged 18-64 years: An integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Retrieved November 12, 2020, fromhttps://csepguidelines.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/24HMovementGuidelines-Adults18-64-2020-ENG.pdf
• 4. Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B.E., and Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001.
• 5. Colley, R.C., Bushnik, T., and Langlois, K. (2020). Exercise and screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Rep, 31(6), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.25318/82-003-x202000600001-eng.
• 6. Council of Higher Education (CHE) (2020). CoHE releases evaluation of distance education at universities. Retrieved May 31, 2020, from https://www.yok.gov.tr/en/Sayfalar/news/2020/distance-learning-at-universities.aspx
• 7. De Cocker, K., Duncan, M.J., Short, C., Van Uffelen, J.G., and Vandelanotte, C. (2014). Understanding occupational sitting: prevalence, correlates and moderating effects in Australian employees. Preventive Medicine, 67, 288-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.031.
• 8. Etikan, I., Musa, S.A., and Alkassim, R.S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
• 9. George, D., and Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.) Boston: Pearson.

• 10. Górnicka, M., Drywień, M.E., Zielinska, M.A., and Hamułka, J. (2020). Dietary and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns among Polish adults: A Cross-sectional online survey PLifeCOVID-19 study. Nutrients, 12(8), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082324.
• 11. Hu, Z., Lin, X., and Xu, H. (2020). The impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic on lifestyle behaviors and their association with subjective wellbeing among the general population in the Mainland China: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2196/21176.
• 12. Janssen, X., Fleming, L., Kirk, A., Rollins, L., Young, D., Grealy, M., MacDonald, B., Flowers, P., and Williams, L. (2020). Changes in physical activity, sitting and sleep across the COVID-19 national lockdown period in Scotland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9362. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249362
• 13. Karaca, A., Ergen, E., and Koruç, Z. (2000). The reliability and the validity of the physical activity assessment questionnaire (PAAQ). Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 11(1), 17-28.
• 14. Kluge, H.H.P., Wickramasinghe, K., Rippin, H.L., Mendes, R., Peters, D.H., Kontsevaya, A., and Breda, J. (2020). Prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in the COVID-19 response. The Lancet, 395(10238), 1678-1680. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31067-9
• 15. Lippi, G., Henry, B.M., and Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 27(9), 906-908. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487320916823.
• 16. Majumdar, P., Biswas, A., and Sahu, S. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: Cause of sleep disruption, depression, somatic pain, and increased screen exposure of office workers and students of India. Chronobiology International, 37(8), 1191-1200. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1786107.
• 17. Meyer, J., McDowell, C., Lansing, J., Brower, C., Smith, L., Tully, M.A., and Herring, M. (2020). Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in response to COVID-19 and their associations with mental health in 3,052 US adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186469. 18. Pinto, A.J., Dunstan, D.W., Owen, N., Bonfá, E., and Gualano, B. (2020). Combating physical inactivity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 16(7), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-0427-z.
• 19. Qin, F., Song, Y., Nassis, G.P., Zhao, L., Cui, S., Lai, L., Wu, Z., Xu, M., Qu, C., Dong, Y., Wang, Z., Geng, X., Zhao, C., Feng, Y., Han, Z., Fan, Z., and Zhao, J. (2020). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity, sedentary screen time and emotional well-being during the early days of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in China: A national cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 17(14), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145170.
• 20. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Interior. (2020). An additional circular on coronavirus measures sent to 81 provincial governorships. Retrieved June 4, 2020, from https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/81-il-valiligine-koronavirus-tedbirleri-konulu-ek-genelge-gonderildi
• 21. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2020a). COVID-19 new coronavirus disease: COVID-19 videos. Retrieved May 31, 2020, from https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/videolar.
• 22. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2020b). COVID-19 outbreak management and labour guide. Retrieved October 1, 2020, from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39265/0/covid-19salginyonetimivecalismarehberipdf.pdf
• 23. Sadarangani, K.P., De Roia, G.F., Lobo, P., Chavez, R., Meyer, J., Cristi-Montero, C., Martine-Gomez, D., Ferrari, G., Schuch, F.B., Gil-Salmeron, A., Solmi, M., Veronese, N., Alzahrani, H., Grabovac, I., Caperchione, C.M., Tully, MA., and Smith L. (2021). Changes in sitting time, screen exposure and physical activity during Covid-19 lockdown in South American adults: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105239
• 24. Saunders, T.J., McIsaac, T., Douillette, K., Gaulton, N., Hunter, S., Rhodes, R.E., Prince, S.A., Carson, V., Chaput, J.P., Chastin, S., Giangregorio, L., Janssen, I., Katzmarzyk, P.T., Kho, M.E., Poitras, V.J., Powell, K.E., Ross, R., Ross-White, A., Tremblay, M.S., and Healy, G.N. (2020). Sedentary behaviour and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 45(10), 197-217. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0272.
• 25. Sedentary Behavior Reseach Network (SBRN) (2020). Consensus definitions. Retrieved October 11, 2020, from https://www.sedentarybehaviour.org/sbrn-terminology-consensus-project/#consensus-definitions
• 26. Stamatakis, E., and Hamer, M. (2011). Sedentary behaviour: Redefining its meaning and links to chronic disease. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 72(4), 192-195. https://doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2011.72.4.192.
• 27. Tremblay, M.S., Aubert, S., Barnes, J.D., Saunders, T.J., Carson, V., Latimer-Cheung, A.E., Chastin, S.F.M., Altenburg, T.M., and Chinapaw, M.J.M. (2017). Sedentary behavior research network (SBRN)–terminology consensus project process and outcome. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8.
• 28. Turkish Employment Agency. (2020). Short-term employment allowance: Making an effective short study request and evaluation of the new type of coronavirus (Covid-19). Retrieved May 31, 2020 from https://www.iskur.gov.tr/isveren/kisa-calisma-odenegi/genel-bilgiler/
• 29. Ünlü, H., Öztürk, B., Aktaş, Ö., and Büyüktaş, B. (2020). Investigation of change in physical activity levels of individuals during COVID-19 process. Turkish Journal of Sports Science, 4(2), 79-87. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.803497
• 30. Wang, X., Fang, X., Cai, Z., Wu, X,. Gao, X., Min, J., and Wang, F. (2020). Comorbid chronic diseases and acute organ injuries are strongly correlated with disease severity and mortality among COVID-19 patients: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Research, 2020(2402961), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.34133/2020/2402961.
• 31. World Health Organization. (2020a). Archived: WHO timeline - COVID-19. Retrieved May 31, 2020, from https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19
• 32. World Health Organization. (2020b). #HealthyAtHome - Physical activity. Retrieved June 7, 2020, from https://www.who.int/news-room/campaigns/connecting-the-world-to-combatcoronavirus/healthyathome/healthyathome---physical-activity
• 33. World Health Organization. (2020c). WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://covid19.who.int/
• 34. World Health Organization. (2020d). WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard: Turkey. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr