The relation between physical activity, body composition and obstructive sleep apnea severity in adults

Year 2014, Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 118 - 126, 30.12.2014

Şeyhmus Kaplan , Ali Erdoğan Önder Öztürk Cem Çetin , Ahmet Akkaya

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine, whether a relationship between sleep apnea and body composition and phycical activity is present or not. Material and methods: Ten heavy sleep apnea patient, 10 mild-moderate sleep apnea patient and 20 healty control group person were participated in the study. Body composition of subjects was asessed by using bioelectrical impedance meter (Tanita Body Composition Analyser) and physical activity level was assessed by using armband physical activity monitor (SWA; Body Media, Inc). Results: There was no statistical difference between groups in physical activity levels (p > 0.05). Only body mass index of body profile was significantly higher in the heavy OSAS group than the control group (p = 0.033), and hip circumference was significantly higher in the heavy OSAS group than the mild-moderate OSAS group (p = 0.042). However no relation was found between the severity of disorder and the physical activity level, but the severity of sleep apnea seemed to be related with the higher body mass index levels. Conclusion: The monitorization of the body profile and physical activity might be important to follow the effectiveness of sleep apnea, treat existing obesity, and reduce complications. So, we believe that it will be useful to use the bioelectric impedans method for body profile and the armband for physical activity / daily consumption of mean total energy monitoring

Keywords

Physical activity, body composition, obstructive sleep apnea, armband, bioelectric impedance

Yetişkinlerde obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu şiddeti ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve vücut profili arasındaki ilişki

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı uyku apnesi hastalığı ve hastalık şiddeti ile vücut profili ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasında bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını incelemektir.
Materyal ve metod: Bu amaçla polisomnografi tetkiki ile tanı koulan 10 ağır uyku apne hastası, 10 hafif-orta uyku apne hastası ile 20 sağlıklı birey kontrol grubu olarak araştırmaya dahil edildi. Tüm deneklerin vücut profilleri bioelektriksel impedans analizi yöntemi (Tanita Body Composition Analyser) ile ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri hastaların sağ üst koluna en az 3 gün süre ile takılan armband fiziksel aktivite monitörü (SWA; Body Media, Inc.) ile ölçüldü.
Bulgular: Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonrasında gruplar arasında fiziksel aktivite parametreleri açısından anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmedi (p > 0,05). Vvücut profili parametrelerinden sadece vücut kitle indeksi açısından ağır uyku apneli grup ile kontrol grubu arasında (p = 0,033) ve kalça çevresi açısından ağır uyku apneli grup ile hafif-orta uyku apneli grup arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p = 0,042). Hastalık ve hastalık şiddeti ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olmadığı, ancak hastalığın şiddeti ile vücut kompozisyonu arasında bir ilişkinin olabileceği tespit edildi.
Sonuç: Vücut profili ve fiziksel aktivitenin başlangıç düzeyi ve sonrasının monitörize edilmesi; hastaların mevcut obezitelerinin tedavisi, komplikasyonların azaltılması ve tedavinin etkinliğinin takibi açısından önemlidir. Bu amaçla vücut profili monitörizasyonunda bioelektrik impedans yöntemi ve fiziksel aktivite / günlük ortalama total enerji tüketimi monitörizasyonunda armband fiziksel aktivite monitörü kullanımının etkin bir yöntem olduğunu düşünmekteyiz. 

Keywords

Fiziksel aktivite, vücut profili, obstrüktif uyku apnesi, armband, bioelektrik impedans

References

• Sengul YS, Ozalevli S, Oztura I, Itil O, Baklan B. The effect of exercise on obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized and controlled trial. Sleep Breath DOI 10.1007/s11325-009- 0311-1.
• Sullivan CE, Issa FG, Berthon-Jones M, Eves L. Reversal of obstructive sleep apnoea by continuous positive airway pressure applied through the nares. Lancet 1981; 1: 862- 65.
• Ucok K, Aycicek A, Sezer M, Genc A, Akkaya M, Caglar V, Fidan F, Unlu M. Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise Capacities in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Associations with Subcutaneous Fat Distributions. Lung 2009; 187:29– 36.
• West S. D, Kohler M, Nicoll DJ, Stradling JR. The effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on physical activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: A randomised controlled trial. Sleep Medicine 2009; (10): 1056–58.
• Przybylowski T, Bielicki P, Kumor M, Hildebrand K, Maskey -Warzechowska M, Korczynski P, Chazan R. Exercise capacity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Physiol Pharmacol 2007; (58):563–74.
• Kaleth AS, Chittenden TW, Hawkins BJ, Hargens TA, Guill SG, Zedalis D, Gregg JM, Herbert WG. Unique cardiopulmonary exercise test responses in overweight middle-aged adultswith obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2007; 8:160–68.
• Nerfeldt P, Nilsson BY, Mayor L, Uddén J, Rössner S, Friberg D. Weight reduction improves sleep, sleepiness and metabolic status in obese sleep apnoea patients. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2008;2(4):251-262.
• Alonso-Álvarez ML, Cordero-Guevara JA, Terán-Santos J, Gonzalez-Martinez M, Jurado-Luque MJ, Corral-Peñafiel J, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea in obese community-dwelling children: the NANOS study. Sleep. 2014;37(5):943-9.
• Rodrigues MM, Dibbern RS, Santos VJ, Passeri LA. Influence of obesity on the correlation between laryngopharyngeal reflux and obstructive sleep apnea. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;80(1):5-10.)
• Izci, B., Ardic, S., Firat, H., Sahin, A., Altinors, M., and Karacan, I. Reliability and validity studies of the Turkish version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath. 2008; 12: 161–168.
• Johns MW. Realibility and Factor Analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 1992;15(4):376-81.
• ASDA-Diagnostic Clasification Steering Committee. The International Classification of Sleep Disorder. Diagnostic and Coding Manuel, Ed.2;Lawrance, KS: Allen Press Inc, 1997.
• Rechtschaffen A, Kales A. A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. In: Rechtschaffen A, Kales A, eds. National Institute of Health Publication, Washington DC: US Government Printing Office;1968:1–12.
• Midilli M. Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromlu hastalarda pozitif havayolu basıncı tedavisine uyumu etkileyen faktörler. İzmir. 2009.
• Young T, Finn L, Austin D, Peterson A. Menopausal status and sleep-disordered breathing in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 May 1;167(9):1181-5.
• Peppard PE, Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J. Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleepdisordered breathing. JAMA. 2000;284(23):3015-21.
• Ogretmenoglu O, Suslu AE, Yucel OT, Onerci TM, Sahin A. Body fat composition: a predictive factor for obstructive sleep apnea. Laryngoscope 2005;115:1493–98.
• Schafer H, Pauleit D, Sudhop T, Gouni-Berthold I, Ewig S, Berthold HK. Body fat distribution, serum leptin, and cardiovascular risk factors in men with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 2002;122:829–39.
• Pons Y, Ballivet de Régloix S, Maurin O, Conessa C. Prevalence of and risk factors for obstructive syndrome apnea. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 2011;132(2):89- 94.
• Basoglu OK, Vardar R, Tasbakan MS, Ucar ZZ, Ayik S, Kose T, Bor S. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease: the importance of obesity and gender. Sleep Breath. DOI:10.1007/s11325-014- 1051-4
• Bergmann BM, Everson CA, Kushida CA, et al. Sleep deprivation in the rat: V. Energy use and mediation. Sleep 12: 31-41, 1989.
• Bonnet MH, Berry RB, Arand DL. Metabolism during normal, fragmented, and recovery sleep. J Appl Physiol 1991;71:1112-1118
• Marcus CL, Carroll JL, Koerner CB, Hamer A, Lutz J, Loughlin GM. Determinants of growth in children with the obstructive sleep
• apnea syndrome. J Pediatr 1994;125: 556-562.
• Ryan CF, Love LL, Buckley PA. Energy expenditure in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 1995;18: 180–87.