Determination of IL-6, HIF1A, MCT1, PPAR-a Polymorphism Distribution in Turkish Ironman Triathlon Athletes

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 7, 28.04.2020

Orkun Akkoç , Ayşegül Birlik Canan Sercan Doğan Korkut Ulucan , Özlem Kırandı

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine the IL-6 (rs1800795), HIF1A (rs11549465), MCT1 (rs1049434), PPAR-a (rs4253778) genotype distributions and allele frequencies of Turkish Iroman triathlon athletes. Ten elite male İronman triathlon athletes participated in the study. DNA samples of the subjects were obtained from venous blood. Genotyping of samples was performed by Real-Time PCR. The statistics of the study were tested in SPSS 21 program. Genotype and allele frequence differences were compared by using Chi square test and p <0.05 was accepted as significant. Genotype distribution of PPAR-A gene; GG 9, GC 1 and CC 0 (p=, 011). When allele distribution of PPAR-A gene was examined, G allele frequency was found to be higher than C allele frequency (p=, 000). When the genotype and allele frequency distribution of MCT1 gene were examined, AA 9, AT 1 and TT 0 were found and A genotype showed high distribution (p=, 011). On the other hand, the A allele distribution was higher than the T allele (p=, 000). Genotype distribution of HIF1A1 gene was found to be CC 7, CT 1, TT 0 (p=, 034). G allele frequency of HIF1A1 gene was higher than C allele frequency (p=, 000). In the IL 6 gene, GG 6, GC 1 CC 0 were found and GG genotype was found high in the genotype distributions (p=, 044). G allele showed high distribution in allele frequency distribution of IL 6 gene (p=, 012). İn conclusion, Athletic performance was associated with PPAR-A, MCT1, HIF1A1 and IL 6 genesin Turkish İronman athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İronman Triathlon, IL-6, HIF1A, MCT1, PPAR-a

Türk İronman Triatlon Sporcularında IL-6, HIF1A, MCT1, PPAR-a Polimorfizm Dağılımının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk
Iroman triatlon sporcularının IL-6 (rs1800795), HIF1A (rs11549465), MCT1 (rs1049434),
PPAR-a (rs4253778), genotip dağılımlarının ve allel frekanslarının
belirlenmesidir. Çalışmaya 10 elit erkek İronman triatlon sporcusu katılmıştır.
Deneklerin DNA örnekleri venöz kandan elde edilmiştir. Örneklerin genotiplemesi Real-Time PCR cihazı ile
yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın istatistiği SPSS 21 programında test edilmiştir.
Genotip ve allel farklılığın karşılaştırılması Ki kare testi ile yapılmış,
anlamlılık p<0,05 kabul edilmiştir. PPAR-A geninin
genotip dağılımı; GG 9, GC 1 ve CC 0 olarak bulunmuştur (p= ,011). PPAR-A
geninin allel dağılımı incelendiğinde G allel frekansı C allel frekansına göre
yüksek bulunmuştur (p= ,000). MCT1 geninin genotip ve allel frekans
dağılımı incelendiğinde AA 9, AT 1 ve TT 0 bulunmuş, A genotip yüksek dağılım
göstermiştir (p= ,011). 
Diğer yandan A allel dağılımı T allele göre yüksek bulunmuştur (p= ,000). HIF1A1 geninin genotip dağılımı CC 7, CT 1, TT 0 bulunmuştur (p= ,034).
HIF1A1 geninin G allel frekansı C allel
frekansına göre yüksek bulunmuştur (p= ,000). IL 6 geninde GG 6, GC 1 CC
0 bulunmuş, genotip dağılımlarında GG genotipi yüksek bulunmuştur (p=,044). IL
6 genin allel frekans dağılımında G alleli yüksek dağılım göstermiştir
(p=,012). Sonuç olarak Türk İronman triatletlerde PPAR-A, MCT1, HIF1A1 ve IL 6
polimorfizmleri atletik performansları ile ilişkilendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İronman Triatlon, IL-6, HIF1A, MCT1

Kaynakça

• Albertson, E. R., Neff, K. D., & Dill-Shackleford, K. E. (2015). Self-Compassion and Body Dissatisfaction in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Meditation Intervention. Mindfulness, 6 (3), 444-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0277-3
• Alemdag, S. (2018). The Role of Social Self-Efficacy on Physical Activity: A Cross-Cultural Comparision. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6 (5), 40. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i5.2996
• Alemdağ, S., Alemdağ, C., & Özkara, A. B. (2016). Social Appearance Anxiety Of Fitness Participants. Baltic Journal of Sport & Health Sciences, 3 (102), 2-7.
• Avalos, L., Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. (2005). The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Body Image, 2 (3), 285-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.06.002
• Brechan, I., & Kvalem, I. L. (2015). Relationship between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Mediating role of self-esteem and depression. Eating Behaviors, 17 (1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EATBEH.2014.12.008
• Brennan, M. A., Lalonde, C. E., & Bain, J. L. (2010). Body Image Perceptions: Do Gender Differences Exist? The International Honor Society in Psychology, 15 (3), 130-138.
• Brittany, H., Ogletree, S. M., & McCrary, K. M. (2016). Body Modifications in College Students: Considering Gender, Self-Esteem, Body Appreciation, and Reasons for Tattoos, College Student Journal. College Student Journal, 50 (2), 246-252.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2017). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Pegem Akademi. https://doi.org/10.14527/9789756802748
• Cash, T. F., & Green, G. K. (1986). Body Weight and Body Image Among College Women: Perception, Cognition, and Affect. Journal of Personality Assessment, 50 (2), 290-301. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5002_15
• Cash, T. F., & Smolak, L. (2012). Body image: a handbook of science, practice, and prevention (2. baskı). New York: Guilford Press.
• Demarest, J., & Allen, R. (2000). Body Image: Gender, Ethnic, and Age Differences. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140 (4), 465-472. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540009600485
• Goedel, W. C., Krebs, P., Greene, R. E., & Duncan, D. T. (2017). Associations Between Perceived Weight Status, Body Dissatisfaction, and Self-Objectification on Sexual Sensation Seeking and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Using Grindr. Behavioral Medicine, 43 (2), 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.1121130
• Gross, S. M., Gary, T. L., Browne, D. C., & LaVeist, T. A. (2005). Gender differences in body image and health perceptions among graduating seniors from a historically black college. Journal of the National Medical Association, 97 (12), 1608-1619.
• Hacıoğlu, M. (2017). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Beden İmgesi Hoşnutluğu ve İletişim Becerilerinin İncelenmesi. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2 (2), 1-16.
• İqbal, N., Shahnawaz, M. G., & Alam, A. (2006). Educational and Gender Differences in Body Image and Depression Among Students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 32 (3), 269-272.
• Jackson, L. A., Sullivan, L. A., & Rostker, R. (1988). Gender, gender role, and body image. Sex Roles, 19(8), 429-443. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00289717
• Keating, X. D., Guan, J., Castro, J., Dwan, P., & Bridges, M. (2010). A Meta-Analysis of College Students’ Physical Activity Behaviors. Journal of American Collage Health, 54 (2), 116-126. https://doi.org/10.3200/JACH.54.2.116-126
• Lennon, S. J., Rudd, N. A., Sloan, B., Sook, J., Author’s Addresses, K., Kim, J. S., … Kim, J. S. (1999). Attitudes Toward Gender Roles, Self-esteem, and Body Image: Application of a Model-esteem, and body image: Application of a model. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 17 (4), 191–202.Luu, M. A. (2014). Perspiration And Motivation: An Examination Of Body Image And Exercise. San José State University.
• Murnen, S. K., & Don, B. P. (2012). Body Image and Gender Roles. Encyclopedia of Body Image and Human Appearance (ss. 128–134). San Diego: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384925-0.00019-5
• Özer, B., & Gelen, İ. (2008). Öğretmenlik Mesleği Genel Yeterliklerine Sahip Olma Düzeyleri Hakkinda Öğretmen Adaylari Ve Öğretmenlerin Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(9).
• Özkara, A. B., Kalkavan, A., Alemdağ, S., & Alemdağ, C. (2016). The Role Of Physical Activity In Psychological Resilience. Baltic Journal Of Sport & Health Sciences, 3 (102), 24-29.
• Özkara, A. B., Kalkavan, A., Alemdağ, S., Alemdağ, C., & Çavdar, S. (2017). The role of physical activity in pre-service teachers’ subjective vitality. Physical education of students. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2017.0306
• Rahimi-Ardabili, H., Reynolds, R., Vartanian, L. R., McLeod, L. V. D., & Zwar, N. (2018). A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Interventions that Aim to Increase Self-Compassion on Nutrition Habits, Eating Behaviours, Body Weight and Body Image. Mindfulness, 9 (2), 388-400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0804-0
• Ramseyer Winter, V., O’Neill, E. A., & Omary, A. (2017). Exploring Relationships between Body Appreciation and Self-Reported Physical Health among Young Women. Health & Social Work, 42 (2), e62-e67. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlx006
• Rodgers, R. F., & DuBois, R. H. (2016). Cognitive biases to appearance-related stimuli in body dissatisfaction: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 46 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CPR.2016.04.006
• Stevens, S. D., Herbozo, S., Morrell, H. E., Schaefer, L. M., & Thompson, J. K. (2017). Adult and childhood weight influence body image and depression through weight stigmatization. Journal of Health Psychology, 22 (8), 1084-1093. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315624749
• Swami, V. (2017). Negative body image and eating disorder symptomatology among young women identifying with goth subculture. Body Image, 21 (1), 30-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BODYIM.2017.02.001
• Todaro, R. (2014). Handbook of physical education research: Role of school programs, children’s attitudes and health implications. Handbook of Physical Education Research: Role of School Programs, Children’s Attitudes and Health Implications. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
• Yazıcı, Ö. F. (2015). Beden Eğitimi Öğretmeni Adaylarının Mutluluk ve Zindelik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.