Dinamik Yükleme Yapılan Kısa İmplantlarda Kron/İmplant Oranının Stres Dağılımına Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 324 - 334, 17.12.2019

Ersan Çelik , A. Nehir Özden

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.565789

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı kron/implant oranına
sahip kısa implantlar üzerine uygulanan statik ve dinamik yüklerin implantı
çevreleyen kemik doku ve implantta meydana getirdiği stresin sonlu elemanlar
stres analiz yöntemiyle incelenmesidir. 

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada, 4.1 mm çapında ve üç farklı uzunlukta
(6 mm, 8 mm ve 10 mm) toplam 3 adet dental implant seçilmiştir. Bu üç implantın
üzerine kron/implant oranı 1/1, 1.5/1 ve 2/1 olacak şekilde üçer adet alt
birinci molar metal destekli seramik kron bilgisayar ortamında tasarlanmış ve
implant destekli kronlar yine bilgisayar ortamında mandibula modeline
yerleştirilerek toplam 9 adet çalışma modeli elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu
modellere, vertikal ve oblik fonksiyonel kuvvetler uygulanarak, kortikal ve
spongioz kemikte oluşan maksimum ve minimum asal stres değerlerine, implantta
oluşan Von Mises stres değerlerine, implantlarda meydana gelen yorulma
değerlerine kron/implant oranının etkisi üç boyutlu sonlu elemanlar stres
analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Aynı miktarda kuvvet uygulanmasına rağmen, oblik
yükleme yapılan modellerde dik yükleme yapılan modellere oranla implant
sistemini oluşturan parçalarda ve kemik dokuda stres seviyelerinde belirgin bir
artış olmuştur. Tüm modellerde, kron/implant oranındaki artış implant sistemini
oluşturan parçalarda ve kemik dokuda stres seviyelerinde belirgin bir artışa
neden olmuştur.

Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmanın limitleri dahilinde elde edilen
sayısal değerler, kron/implant oranının yük transfer mekanizmalarını ve
implantların klinik başarı sürelerini etkilediğini göstermiştir. Mandibular
molar bölgede tek diş eksikliklerinde uygulanacak implant tedavisinde 1/1
kron/implant oranının diğer oranlara göre daha iyi sonuçlar verdiği tespit
edilmiştir. Kron/implant oranındaki artış stres miktarlarının artmasına ve
implantların klinik başarı sürelerinin kısalmasına neden olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dinamik yükleme, kısa implant, kron/implant
oranı, sonlu eleman stres analizi

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dinamik yükleme, kısa implant, kron/implant oranı

Destekleyen Kurum

Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Müdürlüğü

Proje Numarası

10B3334003

Teşekkür

Yazarlar Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Müdürlüğü'ne verdikleri proje desteği için teşekkürlerini sunarlar.

Evaluation of the Effect of Crown/Implant Ratio on Stress Distribution in Dynamic Loaded Short Implants

Öz

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the
stress distribution in surrounding bone tissue and implant caused by static and
dynamic loaded short implants with different crown/implant ratios by finite
element stress analysis method.

Methods: A total of 3 dental implants with a diameter of
4.1 mm and three different lengths (6 mm, 8 mm and 10 mm) were selected. These three implants are designed with three
lower first molar metal-supported ceramic crowns on the crown/implant ratio of
1/1, 1.5 / 1 and 2/1 and implant-supported crowns were placed into the mandible
model  and a total of 9 study models were
obtained. For the evaluation of the effect of crown/implant ratio, the vertical
and oblique functional forces applied to these models, the maximum and minimum
principle stress values in the cortical and spongious bone, the Von Mises
stress values on the implant and the fatigue values occurring in the implants
were investigated by three dimensional finite element stress analysis method.

Results: Although the same amount of force was applied,
there was a significant increase in stress levels in the parts of the implant
system and in the bone tissue compared to the models with oblique loading. In all models, the increase in crown/implant
ratio caused a significant increase in stress levels in the parts of the
implant system and bone tissue.

Conclusions: The numerical values obtained within the
limitations of this study showed that the crown/implant ratio affected the load
transfer mechanisms and the clinical success times of the implants. It has been determined that 1/1 crown/implant
ratio gives better results compared to other ratios in implant treatment which
will be applied in one tooth deficiency in mandibular molar region. The increase in crown/implant ratio resulted in
increased stress levels and shortening the clinical success times of implants.

Keywords: Dynamic loading, short implant, crown/implant
ratio, finite element stress analysis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dynamic loading, short implant, crown/implant ratio

Proje Numarası

10B3334003

Kaynakça

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