Salt Stress Tolerance of Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) in vitro and in vivo Conditions

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1, 31 - 41, 31.03.2025

Mahmood Shaker Mahmood Mahmood , Lütfi Pırlak

Öz

In this study, the reactions of the chokeberry plant, which has attracted attention with its high antioxidant content and importance in human nutrition in recent years, to salt stress in vitro and in vivo conditions have been investigated. In this context, morphological, physiological and biochemical reactions of plants at different salt levels in vitro and in vivo conditions have been studied. Salt concentrations in vitro were 1/3 dilute MS, 7/10 dilute MS, MS (control), MS + 1 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 3 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 6 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 8 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 9 g L-1 NaCl; in vivo, it was applied in the form of 25 mm NaCl per week with irrigation water to chokeberry lings planted in 2 liter pots containing peat: pearlite mixture in a ratio of 2:1 in vivo condition. The experiment was terminated by determining the salt levels in the soil from the moment the damage to the leaves due to salt stress began. According to the research results, in vitro conditions in 1/3 dilute MS, 7/10 dilute MS, MS (control) environments, no damage to explants occurred, MS +1 g L-1 NaCl and MS + 3g L-1 NaCl doses of shoot tips and leaves browning, MS + 6 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 8 g L-1 NaCl, MS + 9 g L-1 NaCl caused death in the environment. Browning of the shoot tip and leaves has occurred in plants during salt application under in vivo conditions. As a result of salt applications, plant height, plant dry weight, root length, chlorophyll content, protein content decreased in parallel with the increase in dose, and there was no change in leaf relative water content and proline content.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chokeberry, Salt stress, in vitro, in vivo

Destekleyen Kurum

Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office

Proje Numarası

20201020

Kaynakça

• Arnon DI (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-10.
• Arıkan Ş (2017). Faydalı rizobakteri uygulamalarının tuzlu toprak şartlarında elma ve kirazda etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya-Türkiye.
• Bahmani R, Gholami M, Mozafari AA, Alivaisi R (2012). Effects of salinity on in vitro shoot proliferation and rooting of apple rootstock MM 106. World Applied Sciences Journal, 17: 292-295.
• Bates LS, Waldren RA, Teare ID (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207.
• Bradford MM (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
• Chartzoulakis K, Klapaki G (2000). Response of two greenhouse pepper hybrids to NaCl salinity during different growth stages. Scientia Horticulturae, 86:247-260.
• Cornic G, Massacci A (1996). Leaf Photosynthesis Under Drought Stress, In Photosynthesis and the Environment. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 347-366.
• D’anna F, Incalcaterra G, Moncada A, Miceli A (2003). Effects of different electrical conductivity levels on strawberry grown in soilless culture. In: International Symposium on Managing Greenhouse Crops in Saline Environment, 355-360.
• Ghaleb WS, Sawwan JS, Akash MW, Al-Abdallat AM (2010). In vitro response of two citrus rootstocks to salt stress. International Journal of Fruit Science, 10: 40-53.
• Greenway H, Munns R (1980). Mechanisms of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 31: 149-190.
• Hanafy Ahmed AH, Hassan HM, Gad MMA, Amin MA (2002). Micropropagation of Myrtus communis and increasing its tolerance to salinity by using polyamines. In: 2nd Congress of Recent Technologies in Agriculture, Cairo Univ., Fac., of Agric., Giza.
• Harb EM, El–Shihy OM, Ahmed AH, Mualla NA (2002). Using plant tissue culture technique for rapid propagation and salt tolerance in banana plant. In: Proceedings of the 2 nd Congress on Recent Technologies in Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 28-30.
• Hirvi T, Honkanen E (1985). Analysis of the volatile constituents of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 36: 808-810.
• İpek M, Arıkan Ş, Pırlak L, Eşitken A (2019). Phenological, morphological and molecular characterization of some promising walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes in Konya. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 61: 149-156.
• Kaya Z (1988). Doku kültürünün orman ağaçları ıslah çalışmalarındaki yeri. Orman Müh. Dergisi, 25: 12-19.
• Kaya C, Higgs D (2003). Supplementary potassium nitrate improves salt tolerance in bell pepper plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26: 1367-1382.
• Keutgen AJ, Keutgen N (2003). Influence of NaCl salinity stress on fruit quality in strawberry. In: International Symposium on Managing Greenhouse Crops in Saline Environment, 155-157.
• Khan MI, Khan MA, Khizar T (1976). Plant growth regulators from species differing in salt tolerance as affected by soil salinity. Plant and Soil, 45: 267-271.
• Kowalczyk E, Krzesiñski P, Kura M, Szmigiel B, Blaszczyk J (2003). Anthocyanins in medicine. Polish Journal of Pharmacology, 55: 699-702.
• Lawlor DW (2002). Limitation of photosynthesis in water stressed leaves: stomata vs. metabolism and the role of ATP. Annals of Botany, 89: 1-15.
• Lutts S, Kinet JM, Bouharmont J (1996). Effects of salt stress on growth, mineral nutrition and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in Rice 118 (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Plant Growth Regulation, 19: 207-218.
• Mendi YY, İpek M, Kaçan H, Çuruk S, Sarı N, Çetiner S, Gaba V (2003). A Histological analysis of regeneration in watermelon. Journal of Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 12: 147-150.
• Moghbeli E, Fathollahi S, Salari H, Ahmadi G, Saliqehdar F, Safari A, Grouh MSH (2012). Effects of salinity stress on growth and yield of Aloe vera L. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6: 3272-3277.
• Munns R (2011). Plant adaptations to salt and water stress: differences and commonalities. Advances in Botanical Research, 57: 1-32.
• Nas Z, Eşitken A, Pırlak L (2023). The responses of ‘Viking’ aronia variety to salinity stress under in vitro conditions. Erwerbs Obstbau, 65: 2547-2552.
• Oren R, Sperry JS, Katul GG, Pataki DE, Ewers BE, Phillips N, Schäfer KVR (1999). Survey and synthesis of intra‐and interspecific variation in stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit. Plant, Cell & Environment, 22: 1515-1526.
• Özelçi D (2020). In vitro ortamda kuraklık stresine maruz bırakılan Morus nigra L. (Karadut)’da melatoninin etkisinin biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik cevaplarla değerlendirilmesi, MSc Thesis, İnönü Üniversitesi (Unpublished), Türkiye.
• Parida AK, Das AB (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 60: 324-349.
• Ruzic D, Saric M, Cerovic R, Culafic L (2000). Relationship between the concentration of macroelements, their uptake and multiplication of cherry rootstock Gisela 5 in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 63: 9-14.
• Sanchez FJ, De Andres EF, Tenorio JL, Ayerbe L (2004). Growth of epicotyls, turgor maintenance and osmotic adjustment in pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) subjected to water stress. Field Crops Research, 86: 81-90.
• Sharma LK, Kaushal M, Bali SK, Choudhary OP (2013). Evaluation of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) as rootstock for salinity tolerance at seedling stage under in vitro conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12: 6267-6275.
• Shiyab SM, Shibli RA, Mohammad MM (2003). Influence of sodium chloride salt stress on growth and nutrient acquisition of sour orange in vitro. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26: 985-996.
• Sivritepe N, Erturk U, Yerlikaya C, Turkan I, Bor M, Ozdemir F (2008). Response of the cherry rootstock to water stress induced in vitro. Biologia Plantarum, 52: 573-576.
• Smith D, Ringenberg C (2003). NF581 Aronia Berries. Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension, 40.
• Torun AA, Kaçar-Aka Y, Kıllı O, Erdem H, Yardım P, Serçe S, İnan S (2007). Bazı Fragaria chiloensis genotiplerinin değişik NaCl konsantrasyonlarına in vitro çoğaltma sırasındaki tepkileri. Derim, 24: 27-33.
• Turhan E, Eriş A (2007). Growth and stomatal behaviour of two strawberry cultivars under long-term salinity stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 31: 55-61.
• Yilmaz H, Kina A (2008). The influence of NaCl salinity on some vegetative and chemical changes of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 2221-2227.
• Zhao CB, Zhang H, Xu XY, Cao Y, Zheng MZ, Liu JS, Wu F (2017). Effect of acetylation and succinylation on physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of oat protein isolate. Process Biochemistry, 57: 117-123.