BİRLEŞMİŞ MİLLETLERİN TERÖRLE MÜCADELESİNDE 1972-2020 YILLARI ARASINA DAİR RAPORLARININ ANALİZİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 207 - 229, 24.07.2021

Muhammed Ali Yetgin , Sait Çakmak

https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.905111

Öz

II. Dünya Savaşında birçok ülke harabeye dönmüş, milyonlarca insan hayatını kaybetmiştir. Savaş sona ermek üzereyken 25 Nisan- 26 Haziran 1945 tarihleri arasında dünya barışı ve güvenliği için ulus devletlerin herhangi bir şekilde uluslararası sahada kuvvet kullanımını engellemek adına 50 ülkenin temsilcisi Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin Kaliforniya eyaletinde San Francisco kentinde Birleşmiş Milletler Uluslararası Organizasyon Konferansında bir araya gelmiştir. 24 Ekim 1945 tarihinde savaş sonrasında Çin, Fransa, Sovyetler Birliği, Birleşik Krallık, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve çoğunluk ülkeler tarafından uluslararası hukuk bağlamında tüzüğün onaylanması ile Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) uluslararası bir örgüt olarak teşekkül etmiştir. Savaş sonrası, dünya terörizm adı altında yeni bir küresel tehdit ile karşı karşıya kalmış ve terör eylem ve faaliyetleri ile yüzleşmişlerdir. Değişen yeni tehdit algıları nedeni ile terörden mağdur olan ulus devletler konunun çözümü için uluslararası örgüt olan Birleşmiş Milletler ’de çözüm arayışında bulunmuştur. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı Birleşmiş Milletler ’in uluslararası hukuk çerçevesinde, küresel terörizm ile mücadelesini analiz ederek ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu çalışma nitel keşifsel araştırma olup, araştırmanın metodolojisi olarak Birleşmiş Milletler ’in terörle mücadele kapsamında 1972-2020 dönemlerine ait Genel Kurul ve Güvenlik Konseyi kararları ile Genel Sekreter raporları ve Güvenlik Konseyi misyon raporlarından yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Birleşmiş Milletler ’in terör ile mücadeleyi uluslararası anlaşmalar ve sözleşmeler uyarınca ve çağın gereklerine göre geliştirdiği görülmüştür. Ancak Boko Haram, FARC, HAFTAR, ISIL, LTTE ve Taliban terör örgütleriyle mücadele BM’nin gündemine alınmasına rağmen ETA, FETÖ, IRA, PKK terör örgütleri BM’nin gündeminde pek yer almadığı görülmüştür. Bu noktada bir çifte standart olduğu görülmektedir. ETA ve IRA, İspanya ve İngiltere’nin lehine amaçlı dile getirilmez iken, PKK ve FETÖ örgütü Türkiye’nin aleyhine amaçlı kurulda dile getirilmemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Birleşmiş Milletler, BM, Terör, Güvenlik Konseyi, Genel Kurul

The Analysis of United Nations on Counterterrorism Reports Between 1972-2020

Öz

Many countries were devastated and millions of people lost their lives in Second World War. As the war was about to end, between April 25 and June 26, 1945, representatives of 50 countries gathered at the United Nations International Organization Conference in San Francisco, California, USA. The purpose of this meeting was to prevent the use of force in the international arena for world peace and security. The United Nations was established on 24 October 1945 as an international organization with the approval of the statute in the context of International Law by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States of America and the majority countries. After the war, the world faced a new global threat which was called as terrorism, and they faced terrorist acts and activities. As a result of the changing perceptions of new threats, the nation-states that suffered from terrorism sought a solution in the United Nations, which is the International Organization, for the solution of the issue. The main purpose of this research is to analyze and reveal the United Nations' counter-terrorism within the framework of international law. This study is qualitative exploratory research, and as the methodology of the research, the General Assembly, Security Council and Secretary General Reports and Resolutions of the United Nations for the period of 1972-2020 within the scope of counter-terrorism were used. According to the findings obtained, it was seen that the United Nations developed the fight against terrorism in accordance with international agreements, conventions and the requirements of the century age. As a result, it was seen that Boko Haram, FARC, HAFTAR, ISIL, LTTE and Taliban terrorist organizations were found on the UN's agenda while ETA, FETO, IRA, PKK were not on the agenda. There seems to be a double standard at this point. Not mentioning ETA and IRA benefits Spain and the UK. But not mentioning about PKK and FETO means some countries are protecting these terrorist organizations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

United Nations, UN, Terror, Security Council, General Assembly

Kaynakça

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