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Kırsal Alandaki Yaşlıların Ölüm Yeri ve Ölüm Deneyimi Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 13, 133 - 156, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.25306/skad.808031

Öz

Çalışmada, çoğunlukla sağlık, din, hukuk gibi alanlarda yer bulan ölüm konusu, sosyolojik bir perspektifle değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, yaşlıların ölüm deneyimleri (iyi ve mutlu ölüm) esas alınarak ölüm yeriyle ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ölüm yeriyle iyi / mutlu ölüm arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek için 65 yaş ve üstü bireyler demografik, sosyo-ekonomik, sağlık özelliklerine göre tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ölüm olayı esas alındığından, amacımıza uygun çok aşamalı bir örneklemle belirlenen toplam 102 katılımcının yakını veya bakıcısına anket uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların belirlenmesinde temel özelliklerin yanı sıra ) farklı kırsal kesimlerden hastalık tipine sahip olanlar ile ii) eğitimli ve yüksek gelirli yaşlılar karşılaştırılmıştır. Yaşlıların yakını ve bakıcılarının verdikleri cevaplara göre ölüme ilişkin fiziksel ve psikolojik durum gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yaşlı bireylerin temel özellikleri ile sınıfsal yerlerine bağlı olarak, ölüm yeri ve ölüm modelleri arasında bir farklılaşma olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmayı destekleyen kurum yoktur.

Proje Numarası

Çalışma herhangi bir projenin parçası değildir.

Teşekkür

Yok.

Kaynakça

  • BLAUNER, R. (1966). Death and social structure. Psychiatry, 29, 378–394.
  • BRERETON, L. vd. (2011). The hospital environment for end of life care of older adults and their families: An integrative review, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(5), 981-993.
  • BROAD, J. vd. (2013). Where do people die? An international comparison of the percentage of deaths occurring in hospital and residential aged care settings in 45 populations, using published and available statistics. Int J Public Health, 58, 257–267.
  • BULLOCK, H. (2006). Justifying inequality: a social psychological analysis of beliefs about poverty and the poor, National Poverty Center Working Paper Series, #06‐08, USA.
  • CARR, D. ve DEREN, S. B. (2009). Gender, aging and widowhood, P. Uhlenberg (ed.), in International Handbook of Population Aging, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8356-3_32.
  • COHEN, J., vd. (2015). International study of the place of death of people with cancer: a population-level comparison of 14 countries across 4 continents using death certificate data. British Journal of Cancer, 113, 1397–1404.
  • CORR, C. A., KENNETH, J. D. ve KASTENBAUM, R. (1999). Dying and its interpreters: a review of selected literature and some comments on the state of the field. Omega, 39, 239–259.
  • DONG, T. vd. (2019). Association between dying experience and place of death: Urban–rural differences among older Chinese adults, Journal of palliative medicine, 20(20), 1-9.
  • DURKHEİM, E. (2011). Dini hayatın ilkel biçimleri. Eskiyeni yayınları.
  • EARLE, C.C., vd. (2003). Identifying potential indicators of the quality of end-of-life cancer care from administrative data. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21, 1133-1138.
  • EYETSEMİTAN, F. V. ve EGGLESTON, T. (2002). The Faces of Deceased Persons as Emotion-Expressive Behaviors: Implications for Mourning Trajectories, OMEGA Journal of Death and Dying, 44(2), 151-167.
  • FAUNCE, W. ve FULTON, R. (1958). The Sociology of Death: A Neglected Area of Research. Social Forces, 36, 205–209.
  • FELMİNGHAM, K. L., BRYANT, R. A., ve GORDON, E. (2003). Processing angry and neutral faces in post-traumatic stress disorder: An event-related potentials study. Neuro Report: For Rapid Communication of Neurosci-ence Research, 14, 777–780.
  • GALOBARDES, B., LYNCH, J. ve DAVEY, S. G. (2007). Measuring socioeconomic position in health research, Br Med Bull, 81(2), 21–37.
  • GLASER, B. ve ANSELM, S. (1965). Awareness of Dying. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
  • GLENN, N. D. ve WEAVER, C. N. (1988). The changing relationship of marital status to reported happiness, Journal of marriage and the Family, 50, 317-324.
  • GOMES, B., vd. (2013). Heterogeneity and changes in preferences for dying at home: a systematic review. BMC Palliative Care, 12:7.
  • INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE. (1997). Approaching death: improving care at the end of life. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
  • KİNOSHİTA, H., vd. (2014). Place of death and the differences in patient quality of death and dying and caregiver burden. J Clin Oncol, 33, 357–363.
  • LEADBEATER, C. ve GARBER, J. (2010). Dying for change, London: Demos.
  • LEWİS, G. M. B. (2010). Education and learning fort he elderly: Why, how, what. Educational Gerontology, 36(3), 213-228.
  • LİLLARD, L. A. ve PANİS, C. W. (1996). Marital status and mortality: the role of health, Demography Journal, 33, 313-327.
  • LYNCH, J. ve KAPLAN, G. (2000). Socioeconomic position, In Social epidemiology, s. 13–35, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • LİVİ-BACCİ, M. (1984). Selectivity of marriage and mortality: Notes for future research, in Population and Biology, (Ed.) N. Keyfitz, 99-108, Liege, Belgium: Ordina Editions.
  • PALGİ, P. ve ABRAMOVİTCH, H. (1984). Death: a cross-cultural perspective. Annual Review of Anthropology, 13, 385–417.
  • PİNE, V. (1977). A socio-historical portrait of death education. Death Education, 1, 57–84.
  • PİNE, V. (1986). The age of maturity for death education: A socio-historical portrait of the era 1976–1985, Death Studies, 10, 209–231.
  • POLLOCK, C. (2015). Is home always the best and preferred place of death?, BMJ: British Medical Journal, 351:h4855, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h4855.
  • PRİNS, E., ve SCHAFFT, K. A. (2009). Individual and structural attributions for poverty and persistence in family literacy programs: The resurgence of the culture of poverty, Teachers College Record, Vol:111, 2280-2310.
  • RAİNSFORD, S., vd. (2016). Rural residents’ perspectives on the rural ‘good death’: A scoping review. Health and Social Care in the Community. Epub ahead of print.
  • SAUNDERS, D. C. (2012). End of life care strategy, founder of the modern hospice, Movement Fourth Annual Report, Sağlık Departmanı, 12.08.2019 tarihinde https://assets.publishing .service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/136486/End-of-Life-Care-Strategy-Fourth-Annual-report-web-version-v2.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • SCHÜNEMANN, J., STRULİK, H. ve TRİMBORN, T. (2016). The gender gap in mortality: How much is explained by behavior?, Working Paper, 04.09.2019 tarihinde https://www.econstor.eu/ bitstream/10419/144869/1/864784821.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • SHORT, S., SHARMAN, E. ve SPEEDY, S. (1993). Sociology for nurses: an Australian introduction. South Melbourne: Macmillan.
  • SİNGH, B. ve KİRAN, U. V. (2015). Impact of educational status on social well being of elderly, International Journal of Research, 2(1), 350-356.
  • SUDNOW, D. (1967). Passing On: The Social Organisation of Dying. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • VERBRUGGE, L. M. (1985). Gender and health: An update on hypotheses and evidence, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 26(3), 156-82.
  • WAGHORN, M., YOUNG, H. ve DAVİES, A. (2011). Opinions of patients with cancer on the relative importance of place of death in the context of a 'good death', Supportive and Palliative Care, 1(3):310-324, DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000041
  • WALTER, T. (2008). The sociology of death. Sociology Compass, 2(1), 317-336. Doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00069.x
  • WARNER, W. L. (1959). The living and the dead: a study of the symbolic life of Americans. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • WEBER, M. (2011). Protestan ahlakı ve kapitalizmin ruhu. Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
  • WORDEN, J. W. (1991).Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.
  • WHO. (2014). Global atlas of palliative care at the end of life. 14.06.2019 tarihinde https://www.who.int/nmh/Global_Atlas_of_Palliative_Care.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • WHO. (2018). Palliative Care, Fact sheet Feb 2018, 22 Mayıs 2019 tarihinde http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs402/en/ adresinden alındı.
  • WU, Z. ve HART, R. (2002), The effect of marital and nonmarital union transition on health, Journal of marriage and the Family, 64, 420-432.
  • ZHANG, Y. ve LU, J. H. (2017). Suffering or serene: An empirical study on determinants affecting the dying status of Chinese elderlies, Popul Dev, 2:009.

The Correlation Between the Place of Death and Death Experience of the Elderly in Rural Areas

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 13, 133 - 156, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.25306/skad.808031

Öz

In the study, the subject of death, which mostly takes place in fields such as health, religion and law, has been evaluated from a sociological perspective. In this context, it was aimed to examine the relationship between place of death and good / happy death based on the death experiences of the elderly. In order to determine the relationship between place of death and good / happy death, individuals aged 65 and over were identified according to demographic, socio-economic and health characteristics. Since the death event was taken as a basis in the study, a questionnaire was applied to the relatives or caregivers of 102 participants, who were determined with a multi-stage sample suitable for our purpose. In determining the participants, besides the basic characteristics), those from different rural areas with disease types and ii) educated and high-income elderly were compared. According to the answers given by the relatives and caregivers of the elderly, the physical and psychological condition related to death was observed. As a result of the study, it was revealed that there is a differentiation between the place of death and death models depending on the basic characteristics of the elderly people and their class locations.

Proje Numarası

Çalışma herhangi bir projenin parçası değildir.

Kaynakça

  • BLAUNER, R. (1966). Death and social structure. Psychiatry, 29, 378–394.
  • BRERETON, L. vd. (2011). The hospital environment for end of life care of older adults and their families: An integrative review, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(5), 981-993.
  • BROAD, J. vd. (2013). Where do people die? An international comparison of the percentage of deaths occurring in hospital and residential aged care settings in 45 populations, using published and available statistics. Int J Public Health, 58, 257–267.
  • BULLOCK, H. (2006). Justifying inequality: a social psychological analysis of beliefs about poverty and the poor, National Poverty Center Working Paper Series, #06‐08, USA.
  • CARR, D. ve DEREN, S. B. (2009). Gender, aging and widowhood, P. Uhlenberg (ed.), in International Handbook of Population Aging, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8356-3_32.
  • COHEN, J., vd. (2015). International study of the place of death of people with cancer: a population-level comparison of 14 countries across 4 continents using death certificate data. British Journal of Cancer, 113, 1397–1404.
  • CORR, C. A., KENNETH, J. D. ve KASTENBAUM, R. (1999). Dying and its interpreters: a review of selected literature and some comments on the state of the field. Omega, 39, 239–259.
  • DONG, T. vd. (2019). Association between dying experience and place of death: Urban–rural differences among older Chinese adults, Journal of palliative medicine, 20(20), 1-9.
  • DURKHEİM, E. (2011). Dini hayatın ilkel biçimleri. Eskiyeni yayınları.
  • EARLE, C.C., vd. (2003). Identifying potential indicators of the quality of end-of-life cancer care from administrative data. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21, 1133-1138.
  • EYETSEMİTAN, F. V. ve EGGLESTON, T. (2002). The Faces of Deceased Persons as Emotion-Expressive Behaviors: Implications for Mourning Trajectories, OMEGA Journal of Death and Dying, 44(2), 151-167.
  • FAUNCE, W. ve FULTON, R. (1958). The Sociology of Death: A Neglected Area of Research. Social Forces, 36, 205–209.
  • FELMİNGHAM, K. L., BRYANT, R. A., ve GORDON, E. (2003). Processing angry and neutral faces in post-traumatic stress disorder: An event-related potentials study. Neuro Report: For Rapid Communication of Neurosci-ence Research, 14, 777–780.
  • GALOBARDES, B., LYNCH, J. ve DAVEY, S. G. (2007). Measuring socioeconomic position in health research, Br Med Bull, 81(2), 21–37.
  • GLASER, B. ve ANSELM, S. (1965). Awareness of Dying. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
  • GLENN, N. D. ve WEAVER, C. N. (1988). The changing relationship of marital status to reported happiness, Journal of marriage and the Family, 50, 317-324.
  • GOMES, B., vd. (2013). Heterogeneity and changes in preferences for dying at home: a systematic review. BMC Palliative Care, 12:7.
  • INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE. (1997). Approaching death: improving care at the end of life. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
  • KİNOSHİTA, H., vd. (2014). Place of death and the differences in patient quality of death and dying and caregiver burden. J Clin Oncol, 33, 357–363.
  • LEADBEATER, C. ve GARBER, J. (2010). Dying for change, London: Demos.
  • LEWİS, G. M. B. (2010). Education and learning fort he elderly: Why, how, what. Educational Gerontology, 36(3), 213-228.
  • LİLLARD, L. A. ve PANİS, C. W. (1996). Marital status and mortality: the role of health, Demography Journal, 33, 313-327.
  • LYNCH, J. ve KAPLAN, G. (2000). Socioeconomic position, In Social epidemiology, s. 13–35, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • LİVİ-BACCİ, M. (1984). Selectivity of marriage and mortality: Notes for future research, in Population and Biology, (Ed.) N. Keyfitz, 99-108, Liege, Belgium: Ordina Editions.
  • PALGİ, P. ve ABRAMOVİTCH, H. (1984). Death: a cross-cultural perspective. Annual Review of Anthropology, 13, 385–417.
  • PİNE, V. (1977). A socio-historical portrait of death education. Death Education, 1, 57–84.
  • PİNE, V. (1986). The age of maturity for death education: A socio-historical portrait of the era 1976–1985, Death Studies, 10, 209–231.
  • POLLOCK, C. (2015). Is home always the best and preferred place of death?, BMJ: British Medical Journal, 351:h4855, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h4855.
  • PRİNS, E., ve SCHAFFT, K. A. (2009). Individual and structural attributions for poverty and persistence in family literacy programs: The resurgence of the culture of poverty, Teachers College Record, Vol:111, 2280-2310.
  • RAİNSFORD, S., vd. (2016). Rural residents’ perspectives on the rural ‘good death’: A scoping review. Health and Social Care in the Community. Epub ahead of print.
  • SAUNDERS, D. C. (2012). End of life care strategy, founder of the modern hospice, Movement Fourth Annual Report, Sağlık Departmanı, 12.08.2019 tarihinde https://assets.publishing .service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/136486/End-of-Life-Care-Strategy-Fourth-Annual-report-web-version-v2.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • SCHÜNEMANN, J., STRULİK, H. ve TRİMBORN, T. (2016). The gender gap in mortality: How much is explained by behavior?, Working Paper, 04.09.2019 tarihinde https://www.econstor.eu/ bitstream/10419/144869/1/864784821.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • SHORT, S., SHARMAN, E. ve SPEEDY, S. (1993). Sociology for nurses: an Australian introduction. South Melbourne: Macmillan.
  • SİNGH, B. ve KİRAN, U. V. (2015). Impact of educational status on social well being of elderly, International Journal of Research, 2(1), 350-356.
  • SUDNOW, D. (1967). Passing On: The Social Organisation of Dying. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • VERBRUGGE, L. M. (1985). Gender and health: An update on hypotheses and evidence, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 26(3), 156-82.
  • WAGHORN, M., YOUNG, H. ve DAVİES, A. (2011). Opinions of patients with cancer on the relative importance of place of death in the context of a 'good death', Supportive and Palliative Care, 1(3):310-324, DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000041
  • WALTER, T. (2008). The sociology of death. Sociology Compass, 2(1), 317-336. Doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00069.x
  • WARNER, W. L. (1959). The living and the dead: a study of the symbolic life of Americans. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • WEBER, M. (2011). Protestan ahlakı ve kapitalizmin ruhu. Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
  • WORDEN, J. W. (1991).Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner (2nd ed.). New York: Springer.
  • WHO. (2014). Global atlas of palliative care at the end of life. 14.06.2019 tarihinde https://www.who.int/nmh/Global_Atlas_of_Palliative_Care.pdf adresinden alındı.
  • WHO. (2018). Palliative Care, Fact sheet Feb 2018, 22 Mayıs 2019 tarihinde http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs402/en/ adresinden alındı.
  • WU, Z. ve HART, R. (2002), The effect of marital and nonmarital union transition on health, Journal of marriage and the Family, 64, 420-432.
  • ZHANG, Y. ve LU, J. H. (2017). Suffering or serene: An empirical study on determinants affecting the dying status of Chinese elderlies, Popul Dev, 2:009.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serdar Nerse

Proje Numarası Çalışma herhangi bir projenin parçası değildir.
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 13

Kaynak Göster

APA Nerse, S. (2020). Kırsal Alandaki Yaşlıların Ölüm Yeri ve Ölüm Deneyimi Arasındaki İlişki. Sosyal Ve Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi (SKAD), 6(13), 133-156. https://doi.org/10.25306/skad.808031

31040

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