Covid-19 Pandemi Döneminde Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet Kavramı Üzerine Sistematik Bir Derleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 23, 31.03.2024

Furkan Alp , Yasemin Aslan

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının karşılaştığı şiddet olayları ile ilgili Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection veritabanında yayımlanmış olan çalışmaların sistematik bir değerlendirmesini yapmaktır. Çalışmada WoS veritabanında arama kriteri olarak “COVID-19, Violence, Healthcare Workers, Healthcare Professionals, Violence Against Doctors, Violance Against Nurses” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Tarama sonucu elde edilen 373 çalışmadan dili İngilizce olan, tam metnine erişilebilen, sağlık çalışanlarında şiddet ile ilgili yapılmış olan toplam 42 çalışma değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Çalışmalar; yayım yılı, gerçekleştirilen ülkelere göre dağılımı, çalışmaların genel bilgileri, Web of Science kategorileri, temel alanlar listesi ve yayımlanan çalışmaların kaynakçalarında yer alan anahtar kelimelerin sıklığına dair bilgiler açısından derlenmiştir. COVID-19 pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet kavramı ile ilgili yayımlanan çalışmaların en fazla Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)’nde gerçekleştirildiği, Social Science Citation Index veri tabanında yayınlanan makale sayısının toplam makalelerin % 64,29’unu oluşturduğu, çalışmaların en fazla halk sağlığı (%31) alanında yayımlandığı tespit edilmiştir. COVID-19 pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının şiddete maruziyetinin arttığı, şiddet açısından hekim ve hemşirelerin en riskli meslek grupları arasında yer aldığı, çalışanların en fazla sözlü şiddete maruz kaldığı, şiddetin en fazla hasta yakınları tarafından uygulandığı, yaşanan şiddet olaylarının önemli bir kısmının raporlanmadığı görülmüştür. Kadınların, COVID-19 servisinde bakım vermenin, hekim olmanın ve acil servis çalışanlarının şiddet açısından yüksek risk faktörleri arasında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Şiddetin sağlık çalışanlarında strese, tükenmişliğe, işten ayrılma niyetinde artışa, anksiyete, yorgunluk ve korkuya, yaşam kalitesinde düşüşe neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları şiddetin önlenmesine yönelik sağlık politikalarına ve stratejilerine acil düzeyde ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, şiddet, sağlık çalışanları, sağlık profesyonelleri, Web of Science

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı gerekmemektedir.

A Systematic Review On The Concept Of Violence Against Healthcare Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Öz

The aim of this study is to make a systematic evaluation of the studies published in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database on violence faced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the study, the keywords "COVID-19, Violence, Healthcare Workers, Healthcare Professionals, Violence Against Doctors, Violence Against Nurses" were used as search criteria in the WoS database. Of the 373 studies obtained as a result of the screening, a total of 42 studies on violence against healthcare workers whose language was English and whose full text could be accessed were included in the evaluation. Studies: the publication year, distribution by country, general information of the studies, Web of Science categories, the list of main fields, and the frequency of the keywords in the bibliography of the published studies were compiled. During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the studies published on the concept of violence against healthcare workers were carried out in the United States. The number of articles published in the Social Science Citation Index database constituted 64.29% of the total articles, and the studies were mostly in public health (31%). It has been observed that the exposure of healthcare workers to violence has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; physicians and nurses are among the most risky occupational groups in terms of violence; the employees are most exposed to verbal violence; the violence is mostly applied by the relatives of the patients; and a significant part of the violence cases are not reported. It was found that women providing care in the COVID-19 service, being physicians, and being emergency service workers are among the high-risk factors for violence. It has been determined that violence causes stress, burnout, an increase in the intention to leave, anxiety, fatigue, and fear, and a decrease in the quality of life for healthcare workers. The study's findings demonstrate the urgent need for health policies and strategies to prevent violence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, violence, healthcare professionals, healthcare professionals, Web of Science

Kaynakça

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