BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ PERFORMANS GÖSTERGELERİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ

Yıl 2016, Sayı: 11, 18 - 33, 01.07.2016

Hasan Bülbül Ayşe Topal Arzum Büyükkeklik , Ömür Demirer

Öz

Son yıllarda bilişim teknolojilerine yapılan yatırımlar önemli biçimde artarken performansa etkisine ilişkin çelişkili sonuçlar söz konusudur. Birçok çalışma bilişim teknolojilerinin verimliliği artırmaya, kaliteyi yükseltmeye ve firma performansını geliştirmeye önemli etkisi bulunduğunu ortaya koyarken, çalışmalardan bazısı ise bu teknolojilerin herhangi bir etkisi bulunmadığını ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmada bilişim teknolojilerinin performansa etkisine Türkiye özelinde yeni bir kanıt aranmış, teknolojiler ile çoklu performans unsurları (yenilik, kalite, verimlilik, karlılık ve büyüme performansı) arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan veri kesitsel tipte olup geliştirilen standart bir anket formu yardımıyla İstanbul Sanayi Odası tarafından açıklanan en büyük bin listesinde yer alan ve sekiz farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren firmalardan elde edilmiştir. Yürütülen çoklu uyum analizi sonuçları performans unsurları (yenilik, kalite, verimlilik, karlılık ve büyüme performansı) ile teknoloji değişkenleri arasında doğrudan bir ilişki bulunmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca sonuçlar yenilik, kalite ve verimlilik performansı ile firma genel performansı arasında doğrudan ilişki olduğunu doğrulamıştır. Sonuç bölümünde bulgulardan hareketle uygulayıcılara öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilişim teknolojileri, Yenilik performansı, Kalite performansı, Verimlilik performansı ve Uyumluluk analizi

Kaynakça

• Akgün, A.E. and Lynn, G.S. (2002). Antecedents and Consequences of Team Stability on New Product Development Performance. Journal of Engineering Technology Management. 19, 263−286.
• Ali, A. (2000). The Impact of Innovativeness and Development Time on New Product Performance for Small Firms. Marketing Letters. 11(2), 151−163.
• Alter, S. and Chimi, C. (1992). Information Systems: A Management Perspective. California: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
• Barczac, G., Sultan, F. and Hultink, E.J. (2007). Determinants of IT Usage and New Product Performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 24(6), 600–613.
• Becchetti, L., Londono Bedoya, D.A. and Paganetto, L. (2003). ICT Investment, Productivity and Efficiency: Evidence at Firm Level Using a Stochastic Frontier Approach. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 20(2), 143–167.
• BenTov, S. (2001). Using IT for Competitive Advantage: A Case Study. Information Strategy: The Executive’s Journal, 17(4), 24−28.
• Berndt, E.R. and Morrison, C.J. (1994). Assessing the Productivity of Information Technology Equipment in the U.S. Manufacturing Industries. National Bureau of Economic, Research Working Paper 3582.
• Boyer, K.K, Leong, G.K., Ward, P.T. and Krajewski, L. (1997). Unlocking the Potential of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies. Journal of Operation Management, 15(4), 331–347.
• Byrd, T.A. and Marshall, T.E. (1997). Relating Information Technology Investment to Organizational Performance: A Causal Model Analysis. Omega: The International Journal of Management Science, 25(1), 43−56.
• Caroli, E. and Reenen, J.Van. (2001). Skill-Biased Organisational Change? Evidence from a Panel of British and French Establishments. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(4), 1449–1492.
• Carr, N.G. (2003). IT doesn’t Matter. Harvard Business Review, 81(5), 41–49.
• Chang, S-C., Yang, C-L., Cheng, H-C. and Sheu, C. (2003). Manufacturing Flexibility and Business Strategy: An Empirical Study of Small and Medium Sized Firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 83, 13–26.
• Choe, J-M. (2003). The Effect of Environmental Uncertainty and Strategic Applications of IS on a Firm’s Performance. Information and Management, 40(4), 257−268.
• Choi, B. and Lee, H. (2003). An Empirical Investigation of KM Styles and their Effect on Corporate Performance. Information and Management, 40, 403–417.
• Curkovic, S., Vickery, S. and Droge, C. (2000). Quality-Related Action Programs: Their Impact on Quality Performance and Firm Performance. Decision Sciences, 31(4), 885−905.
• Dedrick, J., Gurbaxani, V. and Kraemer, K.L. (2003). Information Technology and Economic Performance. ACM Computing Surveys, 35(1), 1–28.
• DeGroote, S.E. and Marx, T.G. (2013). The Impact of IT on Supply Chain Agility and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation. International Journal of Information Management, 33, 909−916.
• Dowlatshahi, S. and Cao, Q. (2006). The Relationships among Virtual Enterprise, Information Technology, and Business Performance in Agile Manufacturing: An Industry Perspective. European Journal of Operational Research, 174, 835–860.
• Duh, R-R., Chow, C.W. and Chen, H. (2006). Strategy, IT Applications for Planning and Control, and Firm Performance: the Impact of Impediments to IT Implementation. Information and Management, 43, 939–949.
• Dunn, J.R. and Varano, M.W. (1999). Leveraging Web−Based Information Systems. Information Systems Management, 16(4), 60−69.
• Durmuşoğlu, S.S. and Barczak, G. (2011). The Use of Information Technology Tools in New Product Development Phases: Analysis of Effects on New Product Innovativeness, Quality, and Market Performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 40, 321–330.
• Flynn, B.B., Sakakibara, S. and Schroeder, R.G. (1995). Relationship Between JIT and TQM: Practices and Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), 1325−1360.
• Fynes, B. and De Burca, S. (2005). The Effects of Design Quality on Quality Performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 96, 1–14.
• Gunasekaran, A. and McGaughey, R. (2002). Information Technology/Information Systems in 21st Century Manufacturing. International Journal of Production Economics, 75, 1−6.
• Güleş, H.K. (1996). The Impact of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies on Buyer-Supplier in the Turkish Automotive Industry. Unpublished Ph. D. Dissertation. The University of Leeds.
• School of Business and Economic Studies. United Kingdom.
• Gümüşoğlu, Ş. ve Doğan, Ü. (1997). Çağdaş Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki İşletmelerde Bilgisayar Teknolojisinin Kullanımı. D.E.Ü. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 12(11), 313-326.
• Hicks, J.O. (1993). Management Information Systems: A User Perspective. (3rd Edition). New York: West Publishing Co.
• Hollenstein, H. (2004). Determinants of the Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 15(3), 315–342.
• Jamali, A.M., Voghouei, H. and Nor, N.G. (2013). The Role of Information Technology on the Growth of Firms: A Value Added Consideration. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 57(3), 313–325.
• Jonsson, P. (2000). An Empirical Taxonomy of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 20(12), 1446−1474.
• Kivijarvi, H. and Saarinen, T. (1995). Investment in Information Systems and the Financial Performance of the Firm. Information and Management, 28, 143–163.
• Kivijarvi, H. and Saarinen, T. (1995). Investment in Information Systems and the Financial Performance of the Firm. Information and Management, 28(2), 143–163.
• Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P. (1996). Management Information Systems: Organization and Technology. (Fourth Edition). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
• Lehmann, D.R. (1979). Market Research and Analysis. Homewood: Irwin.
• Lynn, G.S., Richard, B.S. and Kate, D.A. (1999). Practices that Support Team Learning and their Impact on Speed to Market and New Product Success. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 16(5), 439−454.
• Maiga, A.S. and Jacobs, F.A. (2005). Antecedents and Consequences of Quality Performance. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 17, 111−131.
• Martinsons, M.G. (1995). Radical Process Innovation Using Information Technology: the Theory, the Practice and the Future of Reengineering. International Journal of Information Management, 15(4), 253−269.
• Matteucci, N., O’Mahony, M., Robinson, C. and Zwick, T. (2005). Productivity, Workplace Performance and ICT: Industry and Firm-Level Evidence for Europe and the US. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 52(3), 359–386.
• Naralan, A. (1998). Erzurum İşletmelerinde Bilgisayar Kullanım Düzeyi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 12(1−2).
• O’Brein, J.A. (1994). Introduction to Information Systems. (7th Edition). Boston: Irwin.
• Öğüt, A. (2001). Bilgi Çağında Yönetim. (1. Basım). Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
• Özdamar. K. (2013). Paket Programlar İle İstatistiksel Veri Analizi-2. (9. Baskı). Eskişehir: Nisan Kitabevi.
• Özer, M. (2000). Information Technology and New Product Development: Opportunities and Pitfalls. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5), 387−396.
• Porter, M.E. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: The Free Press.
• Porter, M.E. and Millar, V.E. (1985). How Information Gives You Competitive Advantage. Harvard Business Review, 63(4), 149−161.
• Prajogo, D.I. (2005). The Comparative Analysis of TQM Practices and Quality Performance between Manufacturing and Service Firms. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 16(3), 217−228.
• Rho, B-H and Yu, Y-M (1998). A Comparative Study on the Structural Relationships of Manufacturing Practices, Lead Time and Productivity in Japan and Korea. Journal of Operations Management, 16, 257–270.
• Samson, D. and Terziovski, M. (1999). The Relationship Between Total Quality Management Practices and Operational Performance. Journal of Operations Management, 17, 77−95.
• Sanchez, A.M. and Perez, M.P. (2005). Supply Chain Flexibility and Firm Performance. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 25(7), 681−700.
• Sanchez-Rodriguez, C., Dewhurst, F.W. and Martinez−Lorente, A.R. (2006). IT Use in Supporting TQM Initiatives: An Empirical Investigation. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 26(5), 486−504.
• Shah, R. and Shin, H. (2007). Relationships among Information Technology, Inventory, and Profitability: An Investigation of Level Invariance Using Sector Level Data. Journal of Operations Management, 25, 768–784.
• Stores, F.S. (2015). The Relationship between Information Technology (IT) Investment and Firm’s Financial Performance of Public Listed Companies in Malaysia, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/7911/1/FATIMA_SANI_STORES.pdf.
• Storey, C. and Easingwood, C.J. (1999). Types of New Product Performance: Evidence from the Consumer Financial Services Sector. Journal of Business Research, 46, 193−203.
• Strassmann, P.A. (1997). Computers have Yet to Make Companies more Productive. Computerworld, 31(37), 92.
• Vlosky, R.P., Fontenot, R. and Blalock, L. (2000). Extranets: Impacts on Business Practices and Relationships. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 15(6), 438−457.
• Weill, P. (1992). The Relationship between Investment in Information Technology and Firm Performance: A Study of the Valve Manufacturing Sector. Information Systems Research, 3(4), 307−333.
• Whiteley, D. (1996). EDI Maturity and the Competitive Edge. Logistics Information Management, 9(4), 11−17.