RECOGNIZE BOWEN: FAMILY SYSTEMS APPROACH AT THE BASIC LEVEL

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47, 287 - 313, 02.10.2020

Buğra Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.21560/spcd.vi.508699

Cited By: 2

Öz

The characteristics,
problems, and needs of the family institution vary according to the social
structure of the society. The basic principles and values that make family life
healthy also make human life healthy and meaningful. According to the systems approach,
the family is defined as a complex structure composed of individuals who share
a common past, have emotional ties, and plan strategies to meet the needs of
individual family members and the whole family. In order to strengthen the
family's interaction pattern, other systems and sub-systems, family counselling
in social work practices started to be addressed as an important topic. In the
following years, Jay Haley, Salvador Minuchin, Virginia Satir, Cari Whitaker,
Murray Bowen, and Nathan Ackerman were particularly effective in family
counselling. Nowadays, the theories and approaches used in family counselling
within the scope of social work practices vary. Considering the sensitivity of
studying the family, this review aims to introduce Murray Bowen to social
workers by recalling “Bowen's Family Systems Approach,” which is widely used
nowadays and of which strong aspects have been proved, with its basic
components. Bowen has two important contributions to family counselling. With
his first contribution, Bowen is referred to as the first person to implement “Family Group Counselling.” With his
other contribution, Bowen manages to intervene in problems at the present time
while focusing on more intergenerational issues with an emphasis on the
family's history. Bowen has been influenced by events in his own past,
especially because of the difficulties he had in his family. Therefore, his
personal situation has had a great influence on his approach.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Family, Social Work Paractices, Family Counselling, Bowen, Bowen's Family Systems Approach

SOSYAL HİZMET UYGULAMASINDA BOWEN'IN AİLE SİSTEMLERİ YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Aile kurumunun nitelikleri, sorunları ve
ihtiyaçları, içinde bulunduğu toplumun sosyal yapısına göre farklılıklar
göstermektedir. Aile hayatını sağlıklı kılan temel ilke ve değerler, insanın
hayatını da sağlıklı ve anlamlı kılar. Sistem yaklaşımına göre aile bir geçmişi
paylaşan, duygusal bağı olan, bireysel aile üyelerinin ve ailenin bütününün
ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için stratejiler planlayan bireylerden oluşmuş karmaşık
bir yapı olarak tanımlanır. Ailenin sahip olduğu etkileşim örüntüsünü, diğer
sistemleri ve alt sistemleri güçlendirmek amacıyla sosyal hizmet
uygulamalarında aile danışmalığı konusu önemli bir başlık olarak ele alınmaya
başlamıştır. Sonraki yıllarda aile danışmanlığında özellikle Jay Haley,
Salvador Minuchin, Virginia Satir, Cari Whitaker, Murray Bowen ve Nathan
Ackerman etkili olmuştur. Günümüzde, sosyal hizmet uygulamaları kapsamında aile
danışmanlığında kullanılan kuram ve yaklaşımlar çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Aile
ile çalışmanın hassasiyeti göz önüne alındığında bu derleme günümüzde yaygın
bir kullanım alanı bulan ve güçlü yönleri kanıtlanan “Bowen’ın Aile Sistemleri
Yaklaşımını” temel bileşenleri ile hatırlatarak Murray Bowen’ı sosyal hizmet
profesyonellerine tanıtma amacı taşımaktadır. Bowen’ın aile danışmanlığına iki
önemli katkısı bulunur. İlk katkısı ile Bowen “Aile Grup Danışmanlığını” ilk uygulayan kişi olarak anılacaktır. Diğer
katkısı ile Bowen ailenin tarihçesine vurgu yaparak daha çok kuşaklararası
konulara bakarken sorunlara şimdiki zamanda müdahale edebilmeyi başaracaktır. Bowen,
kendi geçmişindeki olaylardan, özellikle ailesiyle olan zorluklar sebebiyle
etkilenmiştir. Bu nedenle, yaklaşımı üzerinde kendi kişisel durumunun büyük
etkisi olmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aile, Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamaları, Aile Danışmanlığı, Bowen, Bowen’ın Aile Sistemleri Yaklaşımı

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