THE EFFECT OF GOAL ORIENTATION ON MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATION IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 4, 265 - 274, 30.12.2019

Erdem Çakaloğlu , Onur Akyüz Buse Sulu , Perican Bayar

https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.637261

Cited By: 2

Öz

Goal
orientation was proposed by Nicholls (1989), and refers to how a person shows
competence divided into two different directions: ego and task orientation.
Deci and Ryan (1985) stated that individuals participate and continue sport
activities for certain internal or external reasons. Intrinsic motivation
refers to one's participation in an activity, pleasure and satisfaction from
this situation. External motivation, on the other hand, is expressed as
reinforcers carrying material and spiritual values ​​through other people.
Understanding the motivation and goal orientation of individuals participating
in sports can help coaches to develop training programs and improve adherence
to performance. The aim of this study is to investigate how the goal
orientations of professional footballers affect their motivational
orientations. 121 (Xyas = 23.6 ± 3.6 years) professional football players
participated in the study. In order to determine the target orientations of the
participants, ‘Sporda Görev ve Ego Yönelimi Ölçeği (SGYÖ)’ adapted to Turkish
by Toros (2001) and to determine their motivational orientations, ‘Sporda
Güdülenme Ölçeği (SGÖ)’ adapted to Turkish by Kazak (2001) were used. For the
analysis of data In the first stage, 4 groups were formed according to the
scores obtained by the participants from the SGYÖ: High ego-Low task, Low
ego-High task, High ego-High task and Low ego-Low task. Then 4 (Group) x 3
(internal, external, amotivation) One Way ANOVA was used. According to the
findings of the study, Low Ego-High Task-oriented athletes scored significantly
higher than the intrinsic motivation sub-dimension compared to High Ego-Low
Task-oriented athletes (p <0.05). When the scores obtained from the
Amotivation sub-dimension of the groups were examined, the Low Ego-High Task
orientation group scores were significantly lower than the Low Ego-Low Task and
High Ego-High Task orientation groups (p <0.05). When the results of this
study are examined, it can be said that high duty-low ego-oriented players have
more intrinsic motivation than low duty-high ego-oriented players. This
situation is in parallel with many studies in the literature (Ryan and Deci,
2007; van de Pol et al., 2012). Given the critical importance of contributing
to the training of more successful athletes, it is recommended to increase
efforts to increase intrinsic motivation and task orientation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Football, Goal Orientation, Motivation

PROFESYONEL FUTBOLCULARDA HEDEF YÖNELİMİNİN MOTİVASYONEL YÖNELİM ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Hedef yönelimi Nicholls (1989)
tarafından ortaya atılmış ve bir kişinin nasıl yetkinlik gösterdiği ego ve
görev yönelimi olmak üzere iki farklı yöne ayrılmıştır. Deci ve Ryan (1985) bireylerin belirli
içsel ya da dışsal nedenlerle sportif aktiviteye katıldıklarını ve devam ettirdiklerini
belirtmiştir. İçsel motivasyon, kişinin bir etkinliğe katılmasını, bu durumdan
haz alması ve doyum sağlamasını ifade etmektedir. Dışsal motivasyon ise, diğer
insanlar aracılığıyla gelen maddi, manevi değerler taşıyan pekiştireçler olarak
ifade edilmektedir. Spora
katılan bireylerde motivasyon ve hedef yönelimini anlamak, performansı
arttırmada antrenman programları geliştirilmesinde ve bu programlara bağlılığı
sağlamada antrenörlere yardımcı olabilir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, profesyonel
futbolcuların hedef yönelimlerinin motivasyonel yönelimlerini nasıl
etkilediğini incelemektir. Araştırmaya 121 (Xyaş= 23.6± 3.6 yıl) profesyonel futbolcu katılmıştır.
Katılımcıların hedef yönelimlerini belirlemek için Toros (2001) tarafından Türk
popülasyonuna uyarlanan ‘‘Sporda Görev ve Ego Yönelimi Ölçeği (SGYÖ)’’,
motivasyonel yönelimlerini belirlemek için ise Kazak (2001) tarafından
Türkçe’ye uyarlanan ‘‘Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeği (SGÖ)’’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin
analizi için İlk aşamada katılımcıların SGYÖ’den aldıkları puanlara göre 4 grup
oluşturulmuştur: Yüksek ego- Düşük görev, Düşük ego- Yüksek görev, Yüksek
ego-Yüksek görev ve Düşük ego-Düşük görev. Sonrasında 4 (Grup) x 3 (içsel,
dışsal, amotivasyon) One Way ANOVA’dan faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına
göre Düşük Ego-Yüksek Görev yönelimli sporcular, Yüksek Ego-Düşük Görev
yönelimli sporculara göre içsel motivasyon alt boyutundan anlamlı düzeyde daha
yüksek puan almışlardır (p<0.05). Grupların Amotivasyon alt boyutundan
aldıkları puanlar incelendiğinde Düşük Ego-Yüksek Görev yönelimi grubu
puanları, Düşük Ego-Düşük Görev ve Yüksek Ego-Yüksek Görev yönelimi
gruplarından anlamlı düzeyde daha düşüktür (p<0.05). Bu Araştırmanın
sonuçlarına bakıldığında, Yüksek Görev-Düşük Ego yönelimli futbolcuların Düşük
Görev-Yüksek Ego yönelimlilere göre daha fazla içsel motivasyona sahip olduğu
söylenebilir. Bu durum literatürde yer alan birçok çalışma ile paralellik
göstermektedir (Ryan ve Deci, 2007; van de Pol ve ark., 2012). Daha başarılı
sporcuların yetişmesine katkı sağlamadaki kritik önemi göz önüne alındığında içsel
motivasyonu ve görev yönelimini arttırmaya yönelik çalışmaların arttırılması
önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Futbol, Hedef Yönelimi, Motivasyon

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