Öz
The Great Depression in the United States, began in 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s, was one of the most significant economic downturns experienced by the industrialized Western World. Millions of people, mainly in North America, Europe, and other industrialized areas of the world, had experienced the staggering effects of the crisis. During this period, several projects were offered and implemented by government and private organizations to support art in unprecedent ways. These projects are known as: Public Works of Art Project, Section of Painting and Sculpture, Treasury Relief of Art Project and Federal Project NO.1. which included five sub-projects: Federal Art Project, Federal Writers’ Project, Federal Theatre Project, Federal Music Project and Historical Records Survey. In this paper, we attempt to review the subsidies of the United States government during the Great Depression which, arguably, had similarities with the efforts of Turkish government in later years
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Baigel, Matthew, The American Scene-American Paintings of the 1930s, Praeger Publisher, NY,1974.
- Bustard, Bustard I., A New Deal For The Arts, The University of Washington Press, 1997.
- Bustard, Bustard I., “A New Deal For The Arts”, The Record, Vol.3, No.4, Mart 1997, s.5-8.
- Dewey, John, Art As Experience, New York, 1934.
- Fleming, Douglas L., “The New Deal in Atlanta: A Review of the Major
- Programs”, The Atlanta Historical Journal, Volume XXX, Number 1, Spring 1986, s. 23-45.
- Fox, Daniel M., “The Achievement of the Federal Writers’ Project”, American
- Quarterly, Vol.13, No.1, 1961, s. 3-19.
- Hunter, Sam - Jacobus, John, American Art of the 20th Century, 1972.
- Mathews, Jane De Hart, “Arts and the People: The New Deal Quest for a Cultural Democracy”, The Journal of American History, Vol.62, No. 2 ( Eylül 1975 ), s. 316.
- Mavigliano, George J., “The Federal Art Project: Holger Cahill’s Program of Action”, Art Education, C.37, N.3, Mayıs 1984, s. 26-30.
- McDonald, William F., Federal Relief Administration and the Arts, Ohio State University Press, 1969.
- Melosh, Barbara,“Images Of The 1930s”, Rewievs In American History, Vol 13, No.4 ( Dec., 1985 ), s. 494-499.
- Melosh, Barbara, Engendering Culture, Washington, 1991.
- Norman, Geoffrey, “The Development of American Mural Painting”, Art For The Millions, New York Graphic Society Ltd., Connecticut, 1973, s. 50- 55.
- O’Connor, Francis V., ( Ed.), Art For The Millions, New York Graphic Society Ltd., Connecticut, 1973.
- Park, Marlene - Markowitz, Gerald E., Democratic Vistas/Post Offices and Public Art in the New Deal, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1984.
- Questions and Answers On The WPA, Federal Works Agency WPA, Washington D.C., 1939.
- Zanthe, Taylor, "Singing for Their Supper: The Negro Units of the Federal Theater Project and Their Plays." Theater, 27, no. 2/3, 1997, s. 43-59.
Öz
1929 yılında başlayan ve 1930’lu yıllar boyunca etkisini sürdüren Büyük Buhran, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin yaşadığı en büyük ekonomik krizdi. Başta Kuzey Amerika ve sanayileşmiş Avrupa’yı etkileyen ekonomik çöküntü giderek diğer coğrafyalara da yayılmış, milyonlarca insan işsiz, evsiz kalmıştı. Bu dönemde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde sanatçıya destek olmak amacı ile gerek devlet, gerekse özel kuruluşlar tarafından çeşitli projeler uygulamaya konulmuştu. Bu projeler sırası ile Kamu İşleri Sanat Projesi, Resim ve Heykel Bölümü, Hazine Destekli Sanat Projesi ve Federal Proje NO.1 olarak isimlendirilmekte, Federal Proje NO.1 ise kendi içinde Federal Sanat Projesi, Federal Yazarlar Projesi , Federal Tiyatro Projesi, Federal Müzik Projesi ve Tarihi Kayıtlar Çalışması olmak üzere beş alt kola ayrılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Büyük Buhran döneminde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde sanata ve sanatçıya destek olmak amacı ile uygulamaya konulan ve Türkiye’de 1930’lu 1940’lı yıllardaki uygulamalarla kısmi paralellikler gösteren bu sanat projeleri ele alınacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Baigel, Matthew, The American Scene-American Paintings of the 1930s, Praeger Publisher, NY,1974.
- Bustard, Bustard I., A New Deal For The Arts, The University of Washington Press, 1997.
- Bustard, Bustard I., “A New Deal For The Arts”, The Record, Vol.3, No.4, Mart 1997, s.5-8.
- Dewey, John, Art As Experience, New York, 1934.
- Fleming, Douglas L., “The New Deal in Atlanta: A Review of the Major
- Programs”, The Atlanta Historical Journal, Volume XXX, Number 1, Spring 1986, s. 23-45.
- Fox, Daniel M., “The Achievement of the Federal Writers’ Project”, American
- Quarterly, Vol.13, No.1, 1961, s. 3-19.
- Hunter, Sam - Jacobus, John, American Art of the 20th Century, 1972.
- Mathews, Jane De Hart, “Arts and the People: The New Deal Quest for a Cultural Democracy”, The Journal of American History, Vol.62, No. 2 ( Eylül 1975 ), s. 316.
- Mavigliano, George J., “The Federal Art Project: Holger Cahill’s Program of Action”, Art Education, C.37, N.3, Mayıs 1984, s. 26-30.
- McDonald, William F., Federal Relief Administration and the Arts, Ohio State University Press, 1969.
- Melosh, Barbara,“Images Of The 1930s”, Rewievs In American History, Vol 13, No.4 ( Dec., 1985 ), s. 494-499.
- Melosh, Barbara, Engendering Culture, Washington, 1991.
- Norman, Geoffrey, “The Development of American Mural Painting”, Art For The Millions, New York Graphic Society Ltd., Connecticut, 1973, s. 50- 55.
- O’Connor, Francis V., ( Ed.), Art For The Millions, New York Graphic Society Ltd., Connecticut, 1973.
- Park, Marlene - Markowitz, Gerald E., Democratic Vistas/Post Offices and Public Art in the New Deal, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, 1984.
- Questions and Answers On The WPA, Federal Works Agency WPA, Washington D.C., 1939.
- Zanthe, Taylor, "Singing for Their Supper: The Negro Units of the Federal Theater Project and Their Plays." Theater, 27, no. 2/3, 1997, s. 43-59.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | ARAŞTIRMA |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 14 Haziran 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2011 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2 |