Türkiye İçin Endemik Bir Bitki Olan Cousinia foliosa Boiss. & Bal. (Asteraceae) Üzerine Anatomik ve Palinolojik Bir Çalışma
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 46 Sayı: 2, 118 - 125, 31.10.2020
Deniz Ulukuş
,
Osman Tugay
Öz
Cousinia Cass. cinsi Asteraceae familyasının en büyük cinslerinden biri olup yaklaşık 700 türle temsil edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Stenocephalae Bunge seksiyonu içerisinde yer alan Cousinia foliosa türünün anatomik ve palinolojik özelliklerinin belirlenerek cinsin sistematiğine katkı sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. C. foliosa türünün polen mikromorfolojik özellikleri çalışılmış ve türe ait fotoğraflar verilmiştir. Bu türün anatomik çalışmasında gövde, yaprak ve orta damar özellikleri tespit edilerek fotoğrafları verilmiştir. Anatomik çalışmalar için bitki kısımları parafine gömülmüş ve dokuların boyanma işlemi için safranin fast green boyama metodu uygulanmıştır. Anatomik karakterlerden orta damar şeklinin dairemsi ve orta damardaki iletim demeti sayısının 8 olmasıyla bu karakterlerin türlerin ayrımında önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Palinolojik çalışmalar için ışık mikroskobu kullanılmış ve polen şekli subprolat olarak tespit edilmiştir. SEM mikroskobu kullanılarak polen ekzin yüzey süslerinin fotoğrafları çekilmiş ve polenlerin verrukoz olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Teşekkür
Bu çalışmada Cousinia foliosa türlerinin incelenmesinde yardımcı olan AEF, ANK, E, G, GAZI, HUB, ISTE, ISTF, K Herbaryum sorumlularına teşekkür ederiz. Çalışılan örnekler 111T364 nolu TÜBİTAK Projesi sırasında toplanmış olup TÜBİTAK’a teşekkürü borç biliriz.
Kaynakça
- Ahmad-Khanbeygi Z, Sheidai M, Attar F (2011). Morphometry and Palynological Study of Genus Cousinia sect. Cousinia (Asteraceae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 17 (2): 158-166.
- Attar F, Ghahreman A, Mahdigholi K, Sheidai M (2004). Anatomy-taxonomy studies of the species of section Serratuloideae (Cousinia, Compositae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 10: 119–141.
- Boissier E (1875). Flora Orientalis, vol. 3. H. Georg, Geneva & Basilea (Basel), 1033 pp.
- Bunge, A.V. (1865). Übersichtliche Zusammenstellung der Arten der Gattung Cousinia Cass. Mémoires de l’Academie Imperiale des Sciences de. Saint Petersbourg, (ser.7):9, pp. 1-56.
- Davis, P.H. (1975). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands Vol.5, Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh.
- Djamali M, Baumel A, Brewer S, Jackson S.T, Kadereit J.W, Lopez-Vinyallonga S, Mehregan I, Shabanian E, Simakova A (2012). Ecological implications of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) persistence through the last two glacial-interglacial cycles in the continental Middle East for the Irano-Turanian flora. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol 172: 10–20.
- Djavadi SB (2012). New chromosome counts in Cousinia (Asteraceae, Cardueae) sections Cynaroideae and Stenocephalae from Iran. Iran. J. Bot 18: 86–93.
- Huber-Morath A (1975). Cousinia Cass., Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands Vol 5: pp. 329–353. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburg.
- Jafari E.and Ghanbarian G (2007). Pollen morphological studies on selected taxa of Asteraceae. J. Plant Sci ( 2): 195–201.
Johansen DA (1940). Plant Microtechnique. McGraw-Hill, New-York.
- Punt W, Hoen P, Blackmore S, Nilsson S, Le Thomas A (2007). Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. Rev. Palaeobot. Palyno (143): 1–81.
- Rechinger KH (1972). Compositae-Cynareae I: Cousinia., Rechinger K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica. 90:1-329. Graz.
- Rechinger KH (1986). Cousinia: morphology, taxonomy, distribution and phytogeographical implication. Proc.R.Soc.Edinb 89 B: 45–58.
- Saber A, Attar F, Djavadi S (2009). Studies of Pollen Grains in the Sect. Stenocephalae (Cousinia Cass.- Asteraceae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 15: 114–128.
- Susanna A, Garcia-Jacas N, Vilatersana R, Garnatje T (2003a). Generic boundaries and evolution of characters in the Arctium group: A nuclear and chloroplast DNA analysis. Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 101–118.
- Susanna A and Garcia-Jacas N (2007). Tribe Cardueae. In Kubitzki, K. (Ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 8 pp. 123-146.
- Tscherneva O (1962). Cousinia Cass. In: Schischkin, B.K. (Ed.) Flora of the USSR, vol. 27. Akademiya Nauk, Leningrad, pp. 108–357.
- Tugay O (2012). Cousinia. (Editörler A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural MT, Babaç. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul.
- Tugay O, Ulukuş D, Ertuğrul K, Uysal T, Demirelma H, Dural H (2019). A new species of Cousinia (sect. Cousinia, Asteraceae) from the Ağrı Mountain (eastern Turkey): evidence from morphology, karyology and anatomy. Phytotaxa 427(4): 259–269.
- Ulukuş D ve Tugay O (2019a). Endemik Cousinia halysensis Hub.-Mor. (Papatyagiller/Asteraceae) Türünün Anatomik, Palinolojik ve Mikromorfolojik Yönden İncelenmesi. Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 6(1): 59–65.
- Ulukuş D and Tugay O (2019b). Micromorphological, Palynological and Anatomical Properties of Endemic Cousinia iconica Hub.-Mor. (sect. Cousinia /Asteraceae). Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 6(2): 58–63.
- Ulukuş D (2019). Anatomical, Palynological and Achene Micromorphological Characteristics of Cousinia boissieri Buhse (Sect. Leiocaules, Asteraceae) Growing in Turkey. Biodicon 12 (2): 119–125.
- Ulukuş D and Tugay O (2020). Morphology, Anatomy And Palynology of Two Endemic Cousinia Cass. Species (Sect. Cousinia, Asteraceae) And Their Taxonomic Implications. Pak. J. Bot 52(1): 297–304.
- Wodehouse RP (1935). Pollen Grains. Mc. Graw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York and London.
Anatomical and Palynological Studies on Cousinia foliosa Boiss. & Balansa (Asteraceae), Which is an Endemic Plant to Turkey
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 46 Sayı: 2, 118 - 125, 31.10.2020
Deniz Ulukuş
,
Osman Tugay
Öz
The genus Cousinia Cass. is one of the largest genera of the Asteraceae family and is represented by about 700 species. This study is carried out in order to contribute to the systematic of the genus by determining the anatomical and palynological characteristics of the Cousinia foliosa species in the Stenocephalae Bunge section. Pollen micromorphological characteristics of C. foliosa species are studied and photos of the species are given. In the anatomical study of this species, its stem, leaf and midrib features are determined and photographs are given. For anatomical studies, plant parts are embedded in paraffin and safranin fast green staining method is applied for staining the tissues. From anatomical characters, it has been determined that the midrib shape is important in the differentiation of the species, with the number of orbicular and midrib vascular bundles being 8. For palynological studies are used light microscopy and pollen shape is determined as subprolate. Pollen exine sculpturing is taken photo and determined verrucose by using SEM microscoby.
Kaynakça
- Ahmad-Khanbeygi Z, Sheidai M, Attar F (2011). Morphometry and Palynological Study of Genus Cousinia sect. Cousinia (Asteraceae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 17 (2): 158-166.
- Attar F, Ghahreman A, Mahdigholi K, Sheidai M (2004). Anatomy-taxonomy studies of the species of section Serratuloideae (Cousinia, Compositae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 10: 119–141.
- Boissier E (1875). Flora Orientalis, vol. 3. H. Georg, Geneva & Basilea (Basel), 1033 pp.
- Bunge, A.V. (1865). Übersichtliche Zusammenstellung der Arten der Gattung Cousinia Cass. Mémoires de l’Academie Imperiale des Sciences de. Saint Petersbourg, (ser.7):9, pp. 1-56.
- Davis, P.H. (1975). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands Vol.5, Edinburgh Univ. Press, Edinburgh.
- Djamali M, Baumel A, Brewer S, Jackson S.T, Kadereit J.W, Lopez-Vinyallonga S, Mehregan I, Shabanian E, Simakova A (2012). Ecological implications of Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) persistence through the last two glacial-interglacial cycles in the continental Middle East for the Irano-Turanian flora. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol 172: 10–20.
- Djavadi SB (2012). New chromosome counts in Cousinia (Asteraceae, Cardueae) sections Cynaroideae and Stenocephalae from Iran. Iran. J. Bot 18: 86–93.
- Huber-Morath A (1975). Cousinia Cass., Davis PH (Ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands Vol 5: pp. 329–353. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburg.
- Jafari E.and Ghanbarian G (2007). Pollen morphological studies on selected taxa of Asteraceae. J. Plant Sci ( 2): 195–201.
Johansen DA (1940). Plant Microtechnique. McGraw-Hill, New-York.
- Punt W, Hoen P, Blackmore S, Nilsson S, Le Thomas A (2007). Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. Rev. Palaeobot. Palyno (143): 1–81.
- Rechinger KH (1972). Compositae-Cynareae I: Cousinia., Rechinger K.H. (Ed.) Flora Iranica. 90:1-329. Graz.
- Rechinger KH (1986). Cousinia: morphology, taxonomy, distribution and phytogeographical implication. Proc.R.Soc.Edinb 89 B: 45–58.
- Saber A, Attar F, Djavadi S (2009). Studies of Pollen Grains in the Sect. Stenocephalae (Cousinia Cass.- Asteraceae) in Iran. Iran J Bot 15: 114–128.
- Susanna A, Garcia-Jacas N, Vilatersana R, Garnatje T (2003a). Generic boundaries and evolution of characters in the Arctium group: A nuclear and chloroplast DNA analysis. Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 26: 101–118.
- Susanna A and Garcia-Jacas N (2007). Tribe Cardueae. In Kubitzki, K. (Ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 8 pp. 123-146.
- Tscherneva O (1962). Cousinia Cass. In: Schischkin, B.K. (Ed.) Flora of the USSR, vol. 27. Akademiya Nauk, Leningrad, pp. 108–357.
- Tugay O (2012). Cousinia. (Editörler A. Güner, S. Aslan, T. Ekim, M. Vural MT, Babaç. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul.
- Tugay O, Ulukuş D, Ertuğrul K, Uysal T, Demirelma H, Dural H (2019). A new species of Cousinia (sect. Cousinia, Asteraceae) from the Ağrı Mountain (eastern Turkey): evidence from morphology, karyology and anatomy. Phytotaxa 427(4): 259–269.
- Ulukuş D ve Tugay O (2019a). Endemik Cousinia halysensis Hub.-Mor. (Papatyagiller/Asteraceae) Türünün Anatomik, Palinolojik ve Mikromorfolojik Yönden İncelenmesi. Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 6(1): 59–65.
- Ulukuş D and Tugay O (2019b). Micromorphological, Palynological and Anatomical Properties of Endemic Cousinia iconica Hub.-Mor. (sect. Cousinia /Asteraceae). Bağbahçe Bilim Dergisi 6(2): 58–63.
- Ulukuş D (2019). Anatomical, Palynological and Achene Micromorphological Characteristics of Cousinia boissieri Buhse (Sect. Leiocaules, Asteraceae) Growing in Turkey. Biodicon 12 (2): 119–125.
- Ulukuş D and Tugay O (2020). Morphology, Anatomy And Palynology of Two Endemic Cousinia Cass. Species (Sect. Cousinia, Asteraceae) And Their Taxonomic Implications. Pak. J. Bot 52(1): 297–304.
- Wodehouse RP (1935). Pollen Grains. Mc. Graw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York and London.