ULUSLARARASI SİLAHLI ÇATIŞMALARDA GAZETECİLERİN KORUNMASI

Yıl 2025, , 63 - 109, 26.03.2025

Anıl Çamyamaç , Muhammed Halid Kavak

https://doi.org/10.15337/suhfd.1580589

Öz

Uluslararası silâhlı çatışma bölgelerinde tehlikeli görevlerde bulunan gazeteciler, uluslararası
kamuoyuna sahadan ve sıcak çatışma bölgelerinden her türlü bilgi akışını sağlayan en önemli
meslek grubudur. Bu çalışma kapsamında, uluslararası silâhlı çatışma alanlarında faâliyet yürüten
gazetecilere yönelik uluslararası insancıl hukuk bağlamında sağlanan hukukî korumanın mahiyeti
ve pratik düzlemde, fiilen ne ölçüde, etkili olduğu ele alınmıştır. Böylece uluslararası silâhlı
çatışmalarda gazetecilerin korunmasına yönelik 1949 Cenevre Sözleşmeleri ve Ek Protokolleri, 1899-
1907 La Haye Düzenlemeleri ve uluslararası insancıl hukukun örfî normlarının oluşturduğu hukukî
rejim incelenmiştir. Devamında, gazetecilere, tıbbî personel, dinî personel, sivil savunma personeli
gibi sınıflara sağlanan özel hukukî statüye benzer bir statü sağlanması; gazeteciler tarafından sahada
kullanılmak üzere ayırt edici/koruyucu nitelikte yeknesak bir amblem belirlenmesi gibi güncel
tekliflerin değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. İlâveten, gazetecilerin silâhlı çatışmalarda korunmasına
yönelik bir uluslararası sözleşme ihdâs edilmesi önerisi, süregelen uluslararası insancıl hukuk
ihlâllerinin çözümünde etkili olup olamayacağı açısından ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gazeteci, Savaş Muhabiri, Uluslararası Silahlı Çatışma, Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukuk, Bağımsız Gazeteci

Kaynakça

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