Etnik Milliyetçiliğin Yükselişi, Devlet-İçi Çatışmalar ve Çatışma Çözümü

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 11 - 33, 31.01.2018

Muzaffer Ercan Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.30626/tesamakademi.393051

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu makale, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde yükselen etnik milliyetçilik ve bununla bağlantılı devlet içi çatışmaların temel sebepleri üzerine analitik bir tartışma ortaya koymaya çalışmakta, aynı zamanda söz konusu çatışmaların nasıl çözülebileceğine ilişkin bazı öneriler geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Küresel ölçekte cereyan eden etno-politik çatışmaların kimi ortak yanlarını tespit etme çabasından hareket eden çalışma, söz konusu çatışmaların, genel olarak, etnik kimliği baskılamaya yönelik sınırlamalar, yasal, ekonomik ve kültürel ayrımcılık, anti-demokratik rejim, elverişsiz ekonomik koşullar, adaletsiz kaynak dağılımı, devlet otoritesinin çökmesi ve uluslararası destek unsurlarıyla bağlantılı olduğu sonucuna ulaşmaktadır. Çalışma, ayrıca, devlet içi çatışmaların yalnızca askeri güç temelinde çözülemeyeceğine vurgu yapmakta, makul düzeyde bir güç kullanımının fiziksel şiddeti önleme bağlamında fonksiyonel olabileceğine, ancak kalıcı bir çözüm için, ulusal ve uluslararası aktörler tarafından sorunların altta yatan nedenlerine cevap verebilecek çok yönlü çabalar ortaya konması gereğine işaret etmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etnik Milliyetçilik, Devlet İçi Çatışmalar, Etnik Çatışmalar, Etnik Çatışma Çözümü, Barışın İnşası

The Rise of Ethnic Nationalism, Intra-State Conflicts and Conflict Resolution

Öz

This article aims to discuss the rise of ethnic nationalism and related intra-state conflicts in the post-Cold War era, also attempting to come up with some recommendations for the resolution of such conflicts. By looking through major ethnopolitical conflicts around the globe and trying to find out some main points in common, the study reaches the conclusion that these conflicts are, in general, associated with, but not limited to, restrictions of ethnic identity, legal, economic and cultural discrimination, anti-democratic regimes, unfavorable economic conditions, collapse of state authority, and international support. The study also reveals that ethnopolitical conflicts cannot be resolved through force only. Although a reasonable use of force may be functional in terms of stopping immediate violence and providing a cooling-off period for negotiations, multi-level efforts are said to be needed by domestic and international actors to be responsive to the underlying causes of intra-state conflicts discussed in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ethnic Nationalism, Intra-State Conflicts, Ethnic Conflicts, Ethnic Conflict Resolution, Peace Building

Kaynakça

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