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Origin, Geochemistry and Sulfur Isotope Ratios of Pb-Zn-Cu Mineralization between Karadoru and Karaköy (Biga Peninsula, Çanakkale)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 67 Sayı: 3, 361 - 388, 31.08.2024

Didem Kıray , Mustafa Kuşcu , Oya Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1369277

Öz

This study aims to investigate the geochemistry and sulfur isotope ratios, as well as the origin of Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization, between Karadoru (Biga, Çanakkale) and Karaköy (Yenice, Çanakkale) in the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey). Mineralization was observed at four locations: Karadoru, Peynirderesi, Madençeşme (Biga, Çanakkale) and Karaköy (Yenice, Çanakkale). The lowest tectonostratigraphic unit in the region is the Karakaya Complex. The Nilüfer unit, which is part of the Karakaya Complex and mainly consists of metabasic rocks, is overlain by the Hodul unit. The Hodul unit comprises limestones, spilitic basalt, diabase, and arkosic sandstones. The Karadoru, Sarıçayır, and Soğucak granitoids, which are Oligocene-Miocene in age, cut through units of the Karakaya Complex. Skarn zones developed in locations where many plutonic masses intersect with the units of the Karakaya Complex (Nilüfer and Hodul). The Çan volcanics, which date back to the Miocene era, are found on top of the Karadoru, Sarıçayır, and Soğucak granitoid rocks. The Pb-Zn-Cu mineralizations were deposited as veins in the Nilüfer unit (epimetamorphics) in the Karadoru and Madençeşme locations within the Karakaya Complex, and in the Hodul unit (metadiabase and crystallized limestone) in the Peynirderesi and Karaköy (Arapuçandere) locations. The paragenesis includes galena, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrite, limonite, hematite, malachite, manganese, quartz, calcite, and chlorite. The δ34S values of galena and pyrite samples taken from the ore zones in the study area are as follows: Karadoru -3.4‰ and -3.9‰, Karaköy -1.7‰ and -1.6‰, and Peynirderesi -1.7‰ and -4.0‰. The examined Pb-Zn-Cu mineralizations had Sb/Bi ratio in galena ranging from 0.06-0.34 ppm, and Co/Ni ratio in pyrites ranging from 1-10 ppm. The sulfur isotope ratios are negative, indicating that the mineralization has magmatic hydrothermal origin and is due to I-type magmatic activity. The mineralization contains vein-shaped epigenetic deposits of Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization, high trace element contents (Pb, Zn, Cu, Bi, Sb, Ag, Au, W, As), and silicification, sericitization, argillization, and limonitization are observed. These characteristics support the view that the mineralization has hydrothermal origin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biga Peninsula Karakaya Complex Karadoru-Karaköy Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization S34/32 isotope ratios origin.

Proje Numarası

1745-YL-08

Kaynakça

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Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 67 Sayı: 3, 361 - 388, 31.08.2024

Didem Kıray , Mustafa Kuşcu , Oya Cengiz

https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1369277

Öz

Bu çalışma Biga Yarımadası (KB Türkiye)’nda yer alan Karadoru (Biga, Çanakkale) ve Karaköy (Yenice, Çanakkale) arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu cevherleşmelerinin jeokimyasını ve kükürt izotop oranlarıile kökenini ortaya koymaya yöneliktir. İncelenen cevherleşmeler, Karadoru, Peynirderesi, Madençeşme (Biga, Çanakkale) ve Karaköy (Yenice, Çanakkale) olmak üzere toplam 4 lokasyonda gözlenmektedir. Bölgenin en alt tektonostratigrafik birimini Karakaya Kompleksi oluşturmaktadır. Karakaya Kompleksinin birimi olan ve başlıca metabazik kayaçları içeren Nilüfer birimi onun üzerinde de kireçtaşları, spilitik bazalt, diyabaz ve arkozik kumtaşlarını kapsayan Hodul birimi yer alır. Karakaya Kompleksine ait birimlerini Oligosen-Miyosen yaşlı Karadoru, Sarıçayır ve Soğucak granitoyidleri kesmektedir. Bölgede yüzlek veren birçok plütonik kütlelerin Karakaya Kompleksi (Nilüfer ve Hodul)’ne ait birimleri kestiği lokasyonlarda skarn zonları gelişmiştir. Karadoru, Sarıçayır ve Soğucak granitoyid kayaçları üzerine Miyosen yaştaki Çan volkanitleri gelir. İncelenen Pb-Zn-Cu cevherleşmeleri Karakaya Kompleksi içerisindeki Karadoru ve Madençeşme lokasyonlarında Nilüfer biriminde (epimetamorfikler), Peynirderesi ve Karaköy (Arapuçandere) mevkiilerinde Hodul birimi (metadiyabazve kristalize kireçtaşı) içerisinde damar şeklinde yataklanmaktadır. Cevherleşmenin mineral parajenezini galen, kalkopirit, sfalerit cevher mineralleri ile pirit, limonit, hematit, malakit, manganoksit, kuvars, kalsit ve klorit oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma alanındaki cevherli zonlardan alınan galen ve pirit numunelerinin δ34S değerleri sırasıyla Karadoru ‰ -3,4 ve ‰-3,9, Karaköy ‰-1,7 ve ‰ -1,6, Peynirderesi ‰ -1,7 ve ‰ -4,0 şeklindedir. İncelenen Pb-Zn-Cu cevherleşmelerinde galenlerde Sb/Bi oranının 0,06-0,34 ppm, piritlerde Co/Ni oranı 1-10 ppm arasında olması, kükürt izotop oranlarının negatif değerlerde olması, cevherleşmenin magmatik hidrotermal kökenli ve I-tipi bir magmatik aktiviteye bağlı olduğunaişaret etmektedir. Buna ek olarak, Pb-Zn-Cu cevherleşmelerinin damar şeklinde epijenetik yataklanması, iz element içeriklerinin (Pb, Zn, Cu, Bi, Sb, Ag, Au, W, As) yüksekliği ve silisleşme, serizitleşme, killeşme ve limonitleşme alterasyonlarının gözlenmesi de cevherleşmenin hidrotermal kökenli olduğunu destekler niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biga Yarımadası Karakaya Kompleksi Karadoru-Karaköy Pb-Zn-Cu cevherleşmesi S34/32 izotop oranları köken.

Destekleyen Kurum

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Ofisi

Proje Numarası

1745-YL-08

Kaynakça

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  • Oyman, T. (2018). Yenice’nin KD’daki Granitoid sokulumlar ile ilişkili magmatik-hidrotermal sistemlerle ilişkili cevherleşmeler arasındaki bağlantılar (Çanakkale, Biga Yarımadası), (Rapor no: 114Y055). Tübitak Proje Raporu.
  • Öngen, S. (1982). Yenice (Çanakkale) granitoyidlerinin ve yan kayaçlarının petrolojisi [Doçentlik Tezi]. İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Öngen, S., Aysal, N. & Azaz, D. (2002). Çan Güneyi (Çanakkale) Geç Tersiyer Riyolit-Bazalt Karakterli Volkanizması. 55. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı Bildiri Özleri Kitabı, 201-203.
  • Örgün, Y., Gültekin, A. H. & Önal, A. (2005). Geology, mineralogy and fluid inclusion data from the Arapuçandere Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag deposit, Çanakkale, Turkey: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 25, 629-642.
  • Pearce, J. A. (1983). Role of the sub-continental lithosphere in magma genesis at active continental margins. In C. J. Hawkesworth & M. J. Norry (Eds.), Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths, (pp.: 230-249.). Shiva Cheshire, UK.
  • Pearce, J. A. & Parkinson, I. J. (1993). Trace element models for mantle melting: application to volcanic arc petrogenesis. In H.M. Prichard, T. Alabaster, N.B.W. Harris, C.R. Neary, (Eds.), Magmatic Processes and Plate Tectonics, Volume 76 (pp. 373-403). Geological Society of London: London, UK.
  • Pearce, J. A. & Peate, D. W. (1995). Tectonic implications of the composition of the volcanic arc magmas. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 23, 251-285. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.001343
  • Pehlivan, A. N. & Çetin, A. (1997). Edremit (Balıkesir) Ezine-Bayramiç-Yenice (Çanakkale) çevresinin altın ağırlıklı polimetal ve ağır mineral çalışmaları raporu (Rapor No: 10061). MTA Derleme Raporu, Ankara (yayımlanmamış).
  • Pehlivan, Ş., Duru, M., Dönmez, M. Akçay, A. E. ve Ilgar, A. (2007). 1/100.000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları serisi, Balıkesir-İ19 paftası, No:96. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Qi, X. X., Yu, F. L. & Yu, C. L. (2008). Rare earth element and trace element geochemistry of Shalagang antimony deposit in the Southern Tibet and its tracing significance for the origin of metallogenic elements. Geoscience, 22(2), 162-172.
  • Richards, J. P. (2015). Tectonic, magmatic, and metallogenic evolution of the Tethyan orogen: from subduction to collision. Ore Geology Reviews, 70, 323–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2014.11.009
  • Ringwood, A. E. (1990). Slab-mantle interactions: 3. Petrogenesis of intraplate magmas and structure of the upper mantle. Chemical Geology, 82, 187-207.
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  • Sánchez, M. G., McClay, K. R., King, A. R. & Wijbrams, J. R. (2016). Cenozoic crustal extension and its relationship to porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) and epithermal Au-(Ag) mineralization in the Biga peninsula, Northwestern Turkey. In J. P. Richards (Ed.), Tectonics and Metallogeny of the Tethyan Orogenic Belt, Special Publication (Society of Economic Geologists (U. S.))19, 113-156. https://doi.org/10.5382/SP.19.05
  • Shahbazi, S., Ghaderi, M. & Alfonso, P. (2019). Mineralogy, alteration, and sülfür isotope geochemistry of the Zehabad intermediate sulfidation epithermal deposit, NW Iran. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 28(6), 882-901.
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  • Tunç, I. O., Yiğitbas, E., Sengun, F., Wazeck, J., Hofmann, M. & Linnemann, U. (2012). U-Pb zircon geochronology of northern metamorphic massifs in the Biga Peninsula (NW Anatolia-Turkey): new data and a new approach to understand the tectonostratigraphy of the region. Geodinamica Acta, 25(3-4), 202-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/09853111.2013.877242
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  • Yenigün, K. (1978). The geological report of Alandere Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization in Çakır Village (Yenice/Çanakkale) (Report no. 6564). Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara (in Turkish, unpublished).
  • Yilmaz, Y. (1990). Allochthonous terranes in the Tethyan Middle East: Anatolia and the surrounding regions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 331, 611–624. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1990.0093
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  • Yılmaz, H., Oyman, T., Sönmez, F. N., Arehart, G.B. & Billor, Z. (2010). Intermediate sulfidation epithermal gold-base metal deposits in Tertiary subaerial volcanic rocks, Şahinli/Tespih Dere (Lapseki /Western Turkey). Ore Geology Reviews, 37(3-4), 236–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2010.04.001
  • Yiğit, Ö. (2012). A prospective sector in the Tethyan Metalogennic Belt: Geology and Geochronology of mineral deposits in the Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey. Ore Geology Reviews, 46, 118-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2011.09.015
  • Yiğitbaş, E. & Tunç, İ. O. (2020). Biga Yarımadası’nda Sakarya Zonunun Prekambriyen Metamorfik Kayaları; Geç Ediyakaran Gondwanaland Aktif Kıta Kenarı. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 63(3), 277-302. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.589144
  • Yusoff, Z. M., Ngwenya, B. T. & Parsons, I. (2013). Mobility and fractionation of REEs during deep weathering of geochemically contrasting granites in a tropical setting, Malaysia. Chemical Geology, 349, 71-86.
  • Yücelay, M. A. (1971). Geological etude of the Karaköy-Arapuçandere Pb-Zn-Cu mineralization, Çanakkale-Yenice (Report No. 4688). Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey.
  • Yücelay, M. A. (1976). Çanakkale-Yenice geological report related to the Karaköy-Arapuçandere Pb-Zn-Cu area (Report No. 5655). Mineral Research and Exploration Institute of Turkey.
  • Zamanian, H. & Radmard, K. (2016). Geochemistry of rare earth elements in the Baba Ali magnetite skarn deposit, western Iran–a key to determine conditions of mineralization. Geologos, 22(1), 33-47.
  • Zhai, D., Williams-Jones, A. E., Liu, J., Selby, D., Voudouris, P. C., Tombros, S., Li, K., Li, P. & Sun, H. (2020). The genesis of the Giant Shuangjianzishan epithermal Ag-Pb-Zndeposit, Inner Mongolia, Northeastern China. EconomicGeology, 115(1), 101-128.
Toplam 125 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yer Bilimleri ve Jeoloji Mühendisliği (Diğer), İzotop Jeokimyası
Bölüm Makaleler - Articles
Yazarlar

Didem Kıray 0000-0002-4187-7285

Mustafa Kuşcu 0000-0001-6955-7470

Oya Cengiz 0000-0003-1363-4638

Proje Numarası 1745-YL-08
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 26 Nisan 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Eylül 2023
Kabul Tarihi 4 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 67 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Kıray, D., Kuşcu, M., & Cengiz, O. (2024). Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, 67(3), 361-388. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1369277
AMA Kıray D, Kuşcu M, Cengiz O. Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. Ağustos 2024;67(3):361-388. doi:10.25288/tjb.1369277
Chicago Kıray, Didem, Mustafa Kuşcu, ve Oya Cengiz. “Karadoru Ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası Ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 67, sy. 3 (Ağustos 2024): 361-88. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1369277.
EndNote Kıray D, Kuşcu M, Cengiz O (01 Ağustos 2024) Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 67 3 361–388.
IEEE D. Kıray, M. Kuşcu, ve O. Cengiz, “Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları”, Türkiye Jeol. Bült., c. 67, sy. 3, ss. 361–388, 2024, doi: 10.25288/tjb.1369277.
ISNAD Kıray, Didem vd. “Karadoru Ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası Ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni 67/3 (Ağustos 2024), 361-388. https://doi.org/10.25288/tjb.1369277.
JAMA Kıray D, Kuşcu M, Cengiz O. Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2024;67:361–388.
MLA Kıray, Didem vd. “Karadoru Ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası Ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları”. Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni, c. 67, sy. 3, 2024, ss. 361-88, doi:10.25288/tjb.1369277.
Vancouver Kıray D, Kuşcu M, Cengiz O. Karadoru ve Karaköy (Biga Yarımadası, Çanakkale) Arasındaki Pb-Zn-Cu Cevherleşmelerinin Kökeni, Jeokimyası ve Kükürt İzotop Oranları. Türkiye Jeol. Bült. 2024;67(3):361-88.
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